Imaging spectrometer fundamentals for researchers in the biosciences - A tutorial

Cytometry Part A

Volumn 69, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 712-734

  Lerner, Jeremy M ^a  

^a LightForm Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

Confocal; Hyperspectral imaging; PARISS; Spectral calibration; Spectral imaging; Spectrograph; Spectrometer; Spectrometer design; Wavelength calibration

Indexed keywords

CALIBRATION; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; DIFFRACTION; FLUORESCENCE; IMAGE PROCESSING; MOLECULAR IMAGING; MOLECULAR INTERACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PRISM; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; REVIEW; SPECTRAL IMAGING; SPECTRAL SENSITIVITY; SPECTROMETER; SPECTROSCOPY;

ANIMALS; CALIBRATION; HUMANS; IMAGE CYTOMETRY; MATHEMATICS; MICROSCOPY, CONFOCAL; MICROSCOPY, FLUORESCENCE; OPTICS; SPECTROMETRY, FLUORESCENCE;

EID: 33749129579     PISSN: 15524922     EISSN: 15524930     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.20242     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. Dickinson ME, Bearman G, Tille S, Lansford R, Fraser SE. Multi-spectral imaging and linear unmixing add a whole new dimension to laser scanning fluorescence microscopy. BioTechniques 2001;31:1272-1278.
2. Garini Y, Katzir N, Cabib D, Buckwald RA, Soenksen DG, Malik Z. Spectral bio-imaging. In: Wang XF, Herman B, editors. Fluorescence Imaging Spectroscopy and Microscopy. New York: Wiley; 1996. p 87-124.
3. Hutley MC. Diffraction Gratings. London: Academic Press; 1982.
4. James JF, Sternberg RS. The Design of Optical Spectrometers. London: Chapman & Hall; 1969.
5. Lerner JM, Thevenon A. The Optics of Spectroscopy: A Tutorial. Metuchen NJ: Jobin Yvon/JY Optical Systems; 1998.
6. Loewen EG, Popov E. Diffraction Gratings and Applications. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1997.
7. Stroke GW. Diffraction gratings (in English). In: Flugge S, editor. Handbuch der Physik XXIX. Berlin: Springer; 1967.
8. Lerner JM. Ruled and holographic gratings: A historical perspective. Proc SPIE 1995:2532;2-14.
9. Lerner JM, Chambers RJ, Passereau G. Flat-field imaging Spectroscopy using aberration corrected holographic gratings. Proc SPIE; 1981:268; 122-128.
10. Flamand J, Labeyrie A, Pieuchard G. Diffraction gratings. US Pat. 3,628,849, 1971.
11. Flamand J, Bonnemason F, Thevenon A, Lerner JM. The blazing of holographic gratings using ion-etching. In: Proc SPIE, Adar F, Griffiths JE, Lerner JM, editors. 1989;1055.
12. Féry C. Comptes Rondue 1910;150:216.
13. Hecht E. Optics. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley; 1979.
14. Loewen EG, Popov E. Instrumental Systems. Diffraction Gratings and Applications. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1997. p 437-480.
15. Shapiro H. Practical Flow Cytometry. New York: Wiley-Uss; 1995. p 106-135.
16. Murty MVRK. Compensation for coma and anamorphic effect in double monochromators. Appl Opt 1972;11:1637-1638.
17. Reader J. Optimizing Czerny-Turner spectrographs: A comparison between analytical theory and ray tracing. J Opt Soc Am 1969; 59: 1189-1196.
18. Beutler HG. The theory of the concave grating. J Opt Soc Am 1945; 35:311-350.
19. Chrisp M. Aberration corrected holographic gratings and their mountings. In: Wyant J, Shannon RR, editors. Applied Optics and Optical Engineering, Vol. X. SPIE; 1987. p 391-454.
20. Pieuchard G, Flamand J, Passereau G. Monochromator with concave grating. US Pat. 3,930,728, 1976.
21. Balaban RS, Kurtz I, Cascio HE, Smith PD. Microscopic spectral imaging using a video camera. J Microsc 1986;141:31-34.
22. Benedetti PA, Evangelista V, Guidarini D, Vestri S. Confocal-line microscopy. J Microsc 1992;165:119-129.
23. Warren DW, Hackwell JA. Compact prism spectrograph suitable for broadband spectral surveys with array detectors. US Pat. 5,127,728, 1992.
24. Warren DW Hackwell JA, Gutierrez DJ. Compact prism spectrographs based on aplanatic principles. Opt Eng 1997;36:1174-1182.
25. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Atomic Spectra Database: Lines Data. NIST, 2000.
26. Lerner JM, Zucker RM. Calibration and validation of confocal spectral imaging systems. Cytometry A 2004;62:8-34.
27. Centonze V, Pawley J. Tutorial on practical confocal microscopy and use of the confocal test specimen. In: Pawley J, editor. Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy, 2nd edition. New York: Plenum; 1995. p 559-567.
28. Centonze V, Pawley J. Practical laser scanning confocal light microscopy: Obtaining optimum performance from your instrument. In: Celis J, editor. Cell Biology, 2nd edition. New York: Academic Press; 1998. Vol. 3, p 149-169.
29. Pawley J. Fundamental limits in confocal microscopy. In: Pawley J, editor. Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy. New York: Plenum; 1995. p 19-36.
30. Wilson T. The role of the pinhole in confocal imaging systems. In: Pawley J, editor. Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy, 2nd edition. New York: Plenum; 1995. p 167-182.