Performance enhancing, non-prescription use of erectile dysfunction medications

Journal of Addictive Diseases

Volumn 25, Issue SUPPL.1, 2006, Pages 61-68

  Graham, Noni A ^a   Polles, Alexandria ^b   Gold, Mark S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b Pine Grove Behavioral Health and Addiction Services Gentle Path Program   (United States)

Author keywords

Abuse; Cialis; Compulsive; Erectile dysfunction; Impotence; Levitra; Misuse; Nitric oxide; Non prescription; Performance; Sexual; UPRIMA; Viagra; Yohimbe

Indexed keywords

EID: 33749042271     PISSN: 10550887     EISSN: 15450848     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1300/J069v25S01_06     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. Impotence. NIH Consens Statement Online. 1992; 10(4):1-31. Available at http://consensus.nih.gov/1992/1992Impotence091html.htm.
2. MIDASBLUE. Available at http://www.midusblue. co.uk/index.html.
3. Pfizer Labs. 69-5485-00-9: Viagra (sildenafil citrate) tablets. Pfizer Inc. NY, NY. 2003. Available at http://pfizer.com/pfizer/download/uspi-viagra. pdf.
4. Steers W, Guay AT, Leriche A, Gingell C, Hargreave TB, Wright PJ, Price DE, Feldman RA. Assessment of the efficacy and safety of Viagra (sildenafil citrate) in menwith erectile dysfunction during long-term treatment. Int J Impot Res. 2001; 13(5): 261-267.
5. Paige NM, Hays RD, Litwin MS,Rajfer J, Shapiro MF. Improvement in emotional well-being and relationships of users of sildenafil. The Journal of Urology. 2001; 166(5):1774-1778.
6. Muller MJ, Benkert O. Lower self-reported depression in patients with erectile dysfunction after treatment with sildenafil. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2001; 66(2-3):255-261. (Pubitemid 32907532)
7. Nurnberg HG, Lauriello J, Hensley PL, Parker LM, Keith SJ. Sildenafil for sexual dysfunction in women taking antidepressants.Am J Psychiatry. 1999; 156(10): 1664. (Pubitemid 29460007)
8. Ng J, Finney SJ, Shulam R, Bellingan GJ, Singer M, Glynne PA. Treatment of pulmonary hypertension in the general adult intensive care unit: a role for oral sildenafil? British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2005; 94(6): 994-1777
9. Crohn's&Colitis Foundation of America. About Crohn's Disease. 2006. Available at http://ccfa.org/info/ about/crohns.
10. Marks DJ, Harbord MW,MacAllister R, Rahman FZ, Young J, Al-Lazikani B, Lees W, Novelli M, Bloom S, Segal AW. Defective acute inflammation in Crohn's disease: a clinical investigation. Lancet. 2006; 367(9511): 668-678.
11. Akash R, Hrishikesh D, Amith P, Stafanous S. Association of combined nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and obstruction of cilioretinal artery with overdose of Viagra. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2005; 21(4):315-317.
12. Pharmacia & Upjohn Company. Caverject impulse: dual chamber system alprostadil for injection. 2003. Available at http://www.caverject.com/ CaverjectImpulse USPISept2003.pdf.
13. Schwarz Pharma. Complete prescribing information: Edex (alprostadil for injection). 2004. Available at http://www.edex.com/EdexFullPI.pdf.
14. Erectile Dysfunction Information Center. Impotence treatments: urethral suppositories (MUSE(r)). 2005. Available at http://www.cure-ed.org/Erectile- Dysfunction- Treatment/Urethral-Suppositories.html.
15. Amorphine (Uprima) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. MTRAC, Department of MedicinesManagement, Keele University. 2001. Available at http://www. keele.ac.uk/depts/mm/MTRAC/ProductInfo/summaries/ A/APOMORPHINE2%202.pdf.
16. Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation. Prescribing information: Levitra (vardenafil HCl) tablets. 2005. Available at http://www.levitra.com/index.htm.
17. Lilly ICOS LLC. Prescribing information: Cialis (tadalafil) tablets. Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN. 2005. Available at http://pi.lilly.com/us/ cialis-pi.pdf.
18. Yohimbe. Whole HealthMD Supplements. 2000. Available at http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/ substances-view/1,1525,830,00.html.
19. Yohimbe (Systemic). MedlinePlus. Microdex, Inc. 2000. Available at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ druginfo/uspdi/202639.html.
20. Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG, Schulenberg JE.Monitoring the Future national results on adolescent drug use: Overview of key findings, 2005. Bethesda MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse. 2006. Available at http://www.monitoringthefuture. org/pressreleases/05drugpr-complete.pdf.
21. Brenson A. Sales of impotence drugs fall, defying expectations. New York Times. New York Times Company. December 4, 2005.
22. Crosby R, DiClimente RJ. Sexual Behavior: Use of recreational Viagra among men having sex with men. Sex Transm Infect. 2004; 80(6):466-468.
23. Chu PL, McFarland W, Gibson S, Weide D, Henne J, Miller P, Partridge T, Schwarcz S. Viagra use in a community-recruited sample of men who have sex with men, San Francisco. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2003; 33(2):191-193.
24. Kim AA, Kent CK, Klausner JD. Increased risk of HIV and sexually transmitted disease transmission among gay or bisexual men who use Viagra, San Francisco 2000-2001. AIDS. 2002; 16(10):1425-1428.
25. Cachay E, Mar-Tang M, Matthews WC. Screening for potentially transmitting sexual risk behaviors, urethral sexually transmitted infection, and sildenafil use among males entering care for HIV infection. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2004; 18(6):349-354.
26. Colfax GN, Mansergh G, Guzman R, Vittinghoff E, Marks G, Rader M, Buchbinder S. Drug use and sexual risk behavior among gay and bisexual men who attend circuit parties: a venue-based comparison. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2001; 28(4):373-379.
27. Delate T, Simmons VA, Motheral BR. Patterns of use of sildenafil among commercially insured adults in the United States: 1998-2002. International Journal of Impotence Research. 2004; 16(4):313-318.
28. Aldridge J, Measham F. Sildenafil (Viagra) is used as a recreational drug in England. BMJ. 1999; 318(7184):669.
29. Mondaini N, Ponchietti R, Muir GH, Montorsi F, Di Loro F, Lombardi G, Rizzo M. Sildenafil does not improve sexual function in men without erectile dysfunction but does reduce the postorgasmic refractory time. International Journal of Impotence Research. 2003; 15(3):225-228.
30. Polles A, Graham NA, Carnes SL, Carnes PJ, Gold MS. Use and abuse of erectile dysfunction drugs. American College of Clinical Pharmacology 35th Annual Meeting. Cambridge, Massachusetts. September 18, 2006.