Why does airway obstruction persist in asthma due to low-molecular-weight agents? A pathologist's view

Occupational Medicine - State of the Art Reviews

Volumn 15, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 445-453

  Turato, Graziella ^a   Saetta, Marina ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALLERGEN;

AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; ASTHMA; CHEMICALLY INDUCED DISORDER; CHEMISTRY; CHRONIC DISEASE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; HUMAN; INHALATION TEST; MALE; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PATHOLOGY; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW;

AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; ALLERGENS; ASTHMA; BRONCHIAL PROVOCATION TESTS; CHRONIC DISEASE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PROGNOSIS;

EID: 33749037466     PISSN: 0885114X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Adams WG: Long-term effects on the health of men engaged in the manufacture of toluene-diisocyanate. Br J Ind Med 32:72-78, 1975.
2. Allard C, Cartier A, Ghezzo H, Malo JL: Occupational asthma due to various agents. Absence of clinical and functional improvement at an interval of 4 or more years after cessation of exposure. Chest 5:1046-1049, 1989.
3. American Thoracic Society: Guidelines for the evaluation of impairment disability in patients with asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 147:1056-1061, 1993.
4. Azzawi M, Bradley B, Jeffery PK, et al: Identification of activated T-lymphocytes and eosinophils in bronchial biopsies in stable atopic asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 142:1407-1413, 1990.
5. Beasley R, Roche WR, Roberts JA, Holgate ST: Cellular events in the bronchi in mild asthma and after bronchial provocation. Am Rev Respir Dis 139:806-817, 1989.
6. Bentley AM, Menz G, Storz C, et al: Identification of T-lymphocytes, macrophages, and activated eosinophils in the bronchial mucosa in intrinsic asthma: Relationship to symptoms and bronchial responsiveness. Am Rev Respir Dis 146:500-506, 1992.
7. Brewster CEP, Howarth P, Djukanovic R, et al: Myofibroblasts and subepithelial fibrosis in bronchial asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 3:507-511, 1990.
8. Burge PS: Occupational asthma in electronics workers caused by colophony fumes: Followup of affected workers. Thorax 37:348-353, 1982.
9. Butcher BT, O'Neil CE, Reed MA, et al: Development and loss of toluene diisocyanate reactivity: Immunologic, pharmacologic, and provocative challenge studies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 70:231-235, 1982.
10. Butcher BT, Salvaggio JE: Occupational asthma. J All Clin Immunol 78:547-556, 1986.
11. Chang-Yeung M: Fate of occupational asthma and followup study of patients with occupational asthma due to western red cedar (Thuja plicata). Am Rev Respir Dis 116:1023-1029, 1977.
12. Chang-Yeung M, Lam S, Koener S: Clinical features and natural history of occupational asthma due to western red cedar (Thuja plicata). Am J Med 72:411-415, 1982.
13. Chan-Yeung M, Leriche J, McLean L, Lam S: Comparison of cellular and protein changes in bronchial lavage fluid of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with red cedar asthma on followup examination. Clin Allergy 18:359-365, 1988.
14. Chan-Yeung M, Desjardins A: Bronchial hyperresponsiveness and level of exposure in occupational asthma due to western red cedar (Thuja plicata). Serial observation before and after development of symptoms. Am Rev Respir Dis 146:1606-1609, 1992.
15. Chan-Yeung M, Malo JL: Occupational asthma. N Engl J Med 333:107-112, 1995.
16. Chan-Yeung M, Obata H, Dittrick M, et al: Airway inflammation, exhaled nitric oxide, and severity of asthma in patients with western red cedar asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159:1434-1438, 1999.
17. Crimi E, Spanevello A, Neri M, et al: Dissociation between airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in allergic asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 157:4-9, 1997.
18. Davies RJ, Blainey AD: Occupational asthma: Classification and clinical aspects. Semin Respir Med 5:229-243, 1984.
19. Del Prete GF, de Carli M, Maestrelli P, et al: Allergen exposure induces the activation of allergen-specific Th2 cells in the airway mucosa of patients with allergic respiratory disorders. Eur J Immunol 23:1445-1449, 1993.
20. Dinarello CA: Biology of interleukin-1. FASEB J 2:108-115, 1988.
21. Di Stefano A, Saetta M, Maestrelli P, et al: Mast cells in airway mucosa and rapid development of occupational asthma induced by toluene diisocyanate. Am Rev Respir Dis 147:1005-1009, 1993.
22. Djukanovic R, Roche WR, Wilson JW, et al: Mucosal inflammation in asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 142:434-457, 1990.
23. Fabbri LM, Boschetto P, Zocca E, et al: Bronchoalveolar neutrophilia during late asthmatic reactions induced by toluene diisocyanate. Am Rev Respir Dis 136:36-42, 1987.
24. Fabbri LM, Danieli D, Crescioli S, et al: Fatal asthma in a subject sensitized to toluene diisocyanate. Am Rev Respir Dis 137:1494-1498, 1988.
25. Fabbri LM, Durham S, Holgate ST, et al: Assessment of airway inflammation: An overview. Eur Respir J 11:6S-8S, 1998.
26. Ferguson AC, Wong FW: Bronchial hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic children: Correlation with macrophages and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Chest 96:988-991, 1989.
27. Frew AJ, Chan H, Lam S, Chang-Yeung M: Bronchial inflammation in asthma due to western red cedar. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 151:340-344, 1995.
28. Haley KJ, Drazen JM: Inflammation and airway function in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 157:1-3, 1998.
29. Hemler ME, Glass D, Coblyn JS, Jacobson JG: Very late activation antigens on rheumatoid synovial fluid T lymphocytes: Association with stages of T cell activation. J Clin Invest 78:696, 1986.
30. Howarth PH, Bradding P, Montefort S, et al: Mucosal inflammation and asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 150:S18-S22, 1994.
31. Hudson P, Cartier A, Pineau L, et al: Followup of occupational asthma caused by crab and various agents. J Allergy Clin Immunol 76:682-688, 1985.
32. Humbert M, Grant JA, Taborda-Barata L, et al: High-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI)-bearing cells in bronchial biopsies from atopic and nonatopic asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 153:1931-1937, 1996.
33. Humbert M, Durham SR, Ying S, et al: Il-4 and IL-5 mRNA and protein in bronchial biopsies from patients with atopic and non atopic asthma: Evidence against "intrinsic" asthma being a distinct immunopathologic entity. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 154:1497-1504, 1996.
34. Kay AB: Asthma and inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 87:893-910, 1991.
35. Kay AB: Pathology of mild, severe, and fatal asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 154:S66-S69, 1996.
36. Kips JC, Tavernier JC, Joos GF, et al: The potential role of tumor necrosis factor α in asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 23:247-250, 1993.
37. Laitinen LA, Heino M, Laitinen A, et al: Damage of the airway epithelium and bronchial reactivity in patients with asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 131:599-606, 1985.
38. Lam S, Wong R, Chang-Yeung M: Nonspecific bronchial reactivity in occupational asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 63:28-34, 1979.
39. Losewicz S, Assoufi BK, Hawkins R, Newman-Taylor AJ: Outcome of asthma induced by isocyanates. Br J Dis Chest 81:14-22, 1987.
40. Maestrelli P, Saetta M, Mapp CE, et al: Occupational asthma due to low molecular weight compounds. In Banks DE, Parker JE (eds): Occupational Lung Disease: An International Perspective. London, Chapman and Hall Medical, 1998, pp 345-373.
41. Maestrelli P, Del Prete GF, De Carli M, et al: CD-8 T-cells producing interleukin-5 and interferon-gamma in bronchial mucosa of patients with asthma induced by toluene-diisocyanate. Scand J Work Environ Health 20:376-381, 1994.
42. Maestrelli P, Calcagni PG, Saetta M, et al: Sputum eosinophilia after asthmatic responses induced by isocyanates in sensitized subjects. Clin Exp Allergy 24:29-34, 1994.
43. Maestrelli P, Di Stefano A, Occari P, et al: Cytokines in the airway mucosa of subjects with asthma induced by toluene diisocyanate. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 151:607-612, 1995.
44. Maestrelli P, Saetta M, Di Stefano A, et al: Comparison of leukocyte counts in sputum, bronchial biopsies, and bronchoalveolar lavage. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 152:1926-1931, 1995.
45. Mapp CE, Corona P, De Marzo N, Fabbri L: Persistent asthma due to isocyanates. Am Rev Respir Dis 137:1326-1329, 1988.
46. Mapp CE, Saetta M, Maestrelli P, et al: Mechanisms and pathology of occupational asthma. Eur Respir J 7:544-554, 1994.
47. Moller DR, Mckay RT, Bernstein IL, Brooks SM: Persistent airways disease caused by toluene diisocyanate. Am Rev Respir Dis 134:175-176, 1986.
48. Ollerenshaw SL, Woolcock AJ: Characteristics of the inflammation in biopsies from large airways of subjects with asthma and subjects with chronic airflow limitation. Am Rev Respir Dis 145:922-927, 1992.
49. Paggiaro PL, Loi AM, Rossi O, et al: Followup study of patients with respiratory disease due to toluene diisocyanate. Clin Allergy 14:463-469, 1984.
50. Paggiaro P, Bacci E, Paoletti P, et al: Bronchoalveolar lavage and morphology of the airways after cessation of exposure in asthmatic subjects sensitized to toluene diisocyanate. Chest 98:536-542, 1990.
51. Paggiaro PL, Vagaggini B, Bacci E, et al: Prognosis of occupational asthma. Eur Respir J 7:761-767, 1994.
52. Persson CGA, Andersson M, Greiff L, et al: Airway permeability. Clin Exp All 25:807-814, 1995.
53. Pisati G, Baruffini A, Zedda S: Toluene diisocyanate-induced asthma: Outcome according to the persistence of cessation of exposure. Br J Ind Med 50:60-64, 1993.
54. Roche WR, Beasley R, Williams JH, Holgate ST: Subepithelial fibrosis in the bronchi of asthmatics. Lancet i:520-524, 1989.
55. Rosenberg N, Garnier R, Rousselin X, et al: Clinical and socio-professional fate of isocyanate-induced asthma. Clin Allergy 17:55-61, 1987.
56. Saetta M, Di Stefano A, Maestrelli P, et al: Airway mucosal inflammation in occupational asthma induced by toluene diisocyanate. Am Rev Respir Dis 145:160-168, 1992.
57. Saetta M, Maestrelli P, Di Stefano A, et al: Effect of cessation of exposure to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in bronchial mucosa of subjects with TDI-induced asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 145:169-174, 1992.
58. Saetta M, Maestrelli P, Mapp CE, et al: Airway remodeling in isocyanate-induced asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 151:489-494, 1995.
59. Stenton C, Spickett G, Hendrick D: Mechanism of occupational asthma. In Banks DE, Parker JE (eds): Occupational Lung Disease: An International Perspective. London, Chapman and Hall Medical, 1998, pp 327-344.
60. Venables KM, Chan-Yeung M: Occupational asthma. Lancet 349:1465-1469, 1997.
61. Wardlaw AJ, Dunette S, Gleich GJ, et al: Eosinophils and mast cells in bronchoalveolar lavage in subjects with mild asthma: Relationship to bronchial reactivity. Am Rev Respir Dis 137:62-69, 1988.
62. Wilson JW, Li X: The measurement of reticular basement membrane and submucosal collagen in asthmatic airways. Clin Exp Allergy 27:363-371, 1997.