Pylos regional archaeological project, part VI: Administration and settlement in Venetian navarino

Hesperia

Volumn 73, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 59-120

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EID: 33748992937     PISSN: 0018098X     EISSN: 15535622     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2972/hesp.2004.73.1.59     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. İnalcik, in İnalcik and Quataert 1997, 1, p. 175.
2. For a discussion of this trend, see Cherry 1994 and, more recently, Bennet, Davis, and Zarinebaf-Shahr 2000.
3. For the Argolid: Jameson, Runnels, and van Andel 1994; Sutton 2000; Methana: Mee and Forbes 1997; Corinth: http://eleftheria.stcloudstate.edu/eks; Asea Valley: http://hum.gu.se/class/AVAP.
4. See Davis et al. 1997; Zangger et al. 1997; Davis 1998; Bennet, Davis, and Zarinebaf-Shahr 2000; Lee 2001; Stocker 2003; and Zarinebaf, Bennet, and Davis, forthcoming.
5. For a general history of Veneto-Turkish relations in this period, see Setton 1991. Recent scholarship in the field of Venetian Greece is summarized in Balard 1998.
6. These are Coron (Korone), Modon (Methone), Nauplion, Patras, Calavrita (Kalavryta), Mistra, Tripoli, Gastuni, Corinth, Argos, Arcadia (Arkadia) and Fanari, Calamata (Kalamata), Navarino (Pylos), Caritena (Karytaina) and Leondari, Monemvasia, and Vostizza (Aegion) (Dokos and Panagopoulos 1993, p. xiii).
7. For a more detailed map of these administrative divisions than is presented in Fig. 1, see Panagiotopoulos 1985, p. 165, map 6.
8. See, e.g., Fisher 1935, II, p. 820. Venice converted the main mosques into Roman Catholic churches and attempted to disrupt links between the Orthodox Church in the Peloponnese and the Patriarchate in Constantinople; the presence of Roman Catholic missionaries may also have caused resentment.
9. Osterhammel 1997, pp. 10-11.
10. When these properties are later rented out, the name of the Turkish owner is sometimes given. For example, the house rented to Zorzi Salamon in 1697 is described as "un casa in Navarino del Turco Mecmet Celepi Dama-sogli" ("a house in Navarino belonging to the Turk Mecmet Celepi Damasogli"); Nani b.3926, f.428r. Zorzi Salamon was an official entrusted with revenue collection in Messenia (Guida 1989, p. 128).
11. For a description of the main mosque in New Navarino, see Locatelli 1691, pp. 224-225.
12. Nani b.3938, f.70v-71r, 94r. After a tour of inspection the village of Solinaria in the territory of Modon was chosen as it was of a suitable size and situated at an equal distance from both New Navarino and Coron. It was necessary to build barracks and ware-houses. The actual site chosen was the ruined village of Milioti, on a small hill, well supplied with fresh water from three springs, one mile northwest of the inhabited Solinaria and a mile east of Cabassi (these villages are outside the territory of Navarino, but can be located on the maps in Topping 1972). The buildings were designed to accommodate 60 dragoons rath their horses and three officers. In terms of population Solinaria was the largest village in the area (40 families in the 1700 census) after Cavallaria, Ligudista, and Gargagliani, which were presumably too far north to be chosen (Panagio-topoulos 1985, p. 265).
13. The villages on the map are Carvunocori, Gugli, Lesachi, Lesaga, Mellissi, Lefco, Toppici, and Tristena; the last three are listed as deserted. The map of the territory was made as a prelude to a cadastral survey. I was able to consult a copy of this map courtesy of John Bennet; the original is in the Austrian State War Archives (see Katsiardi-Hering 1993, p. 302).
14. Malliaris 2001, pp. 95, 118-119. In writing this section the work of Alexis Malliaris on land distribution in Patras and Gastuni has been invaluable and I thank him for making his unpublished thesis available to me.
15. İnalcik and Quataert 1997, I, pp. 103-178; see pp. 139-140 for a summary of Ottoman land categories.
16. For the cadasters in general, see Topping 1972, pp. 75-80.
17. For the cadasters of Romania and Argos, see Liata 2002, 2003. Surviving cadasters, in addition to the above, include a summary one for the territory of Calamata and a detailed one for the territory of Romania. Archival notes by Spiros Lampros made in the early 20th century mention fragments of cadasters for Zaccogna (Tsakonia) and Corinth; these do not appear, however, in Dokos and Panagopoulos's record of the contents of that particular file (Lampros 1927, p. 188;
18. For systems of land tenure and sharecropping in other parts of early modern Greece, see Maltezou 1980, pp. 35-40;
19. Slot 1982, p. 47 and n. 59;
20. Kasdagli 1999, pp. 117-159;
21. Asdrachas 1979, p. 25.
22. Gritsopoulos 1971, p. 456.
23. For the "livelli del sopra più" in Santa Maura (Lefkada), see Andreades 1914, II, p. 227.
24. Lampros 1900, pp. 510 (quotation), 526; "parasporo" appears to be a Byzantine term that survived in many parts of the former empire, but with a variety of different meanings. The term "parasporisti," or "parasporicze," is found in 14th-century Frankish documents concerning Messenia, although the significance was not recognized by the editors who simply note that it is a common place-name in Messenia (Longnon and Topping 1969, p. 61, n. 11;
25. For example, in Cyprus, the Venetians inherited many practices from the Lusignans and indeed some of these customs were later incorporated by the Ottomans (see Arbel and Veinstein 1986). In the 14th-century Morea, Byzantine and Frankish institutions survived Venetian rule (see Jacoby 1965 on interpreting Byzantine practice through Venetian documents from Messenia). For a similar approach by the Ottomans in the former Venetian colonies of Crete and the Cyclades, see Balta and Spiliotopoulou 1997, p. 120.
26. Argenti 1935, p. 165.
27. In his report to the Senate, Michiel stated that the uncultivated land was only uncultivated since the departure of the Turks (Lampros 1884, pp. 217-218).
28. Grimani b.28, f.819r-820r; the reference to Carvunocori is taken from Argenti 1935, p. 172, where he has transcribed the name as Caracur Nocosi; although I have not seen the original, from its proximity to a reference to Curro, I think that Carvunocori is the most likely identification.
29. See the report of Domenico Gritti (Topping 1974, p. 316), in which he mentions that the shepherds were driven by the winter weather down to the coastal plain.