Secondary trauma in treating refugee survivors of torture: Assessing and responding to secondary traumatisation in the survivors’ families

Torture

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 38-45

  Kira, Ibrahim ^a  

^a ACCESS Community Health and Research Centre   (United States)

Author keywords

family dynamics; secondary traumatisation; torture survivors

Indexed keywords

EID: 33748915020     PISSN: 10188185     EISSN: 19973322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Figley C. Stress and the family. New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1983.
2. Figley C. Helping traumatized families. Psychiatry 1989; 60:143-53.
3. Kira I. A taxonomy of trauma and trauma assess-ment. Traumatology: an international E-journal 2001;2:1-14. http://www.fsu.edu/_trauma
4. Lomranz J. Long term adaptation to traumatic stress in light of adult development and aging perspectives. In: Parris MA et al, eds. Stress and coping in later life families. Washington D.C.: Hemisphere, 1990.
5. Schwebel M. It is children who pay: multigene-rational effects of structural violence. Paper presented at Symposium: understanding and transforming structure of violence. American Psychological Association Annual Convention, San Francisco, 1998.
6. Davis JA. A formal interpretation of the theory of relative deprivation. Sociometry 1959;22:280-96.
7. Fouad N, Anders K, Gibson P, Harris-Hodge E, Ihle-Helledy K, Henry G et al. Differential status identity: operational definition and measurement. Paper presented in The American Psychological Association Annual Convention, San Francisco, California, 2001.
8. Figley C. A five-phase treatment of PTSD in fam-ilies. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1988;1:127-41.
9. Figley C. Post-traumatic family therapy. In: Och-berg F, ed. Post-traumatic therapy and victims of violence. Philadelphia: Brunner/Mazel, 1988:83-109.
10. Bramsen I, van der Ploeg H, Twisk J. Secondary traumatization in Dutch couples of World War II survivors. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2002;70:241-5.
11. Waysman M, Mikulincer M, Solomon Z, Weisen-berg M. Secondary traumatization among wives of post-traumatic combat veterans: a family typology. Journal of Family Psychology 1993;7: 104-18.
12. Weile B, Wingender L, Bach-Mortensen N, Busch P. Behavior problems in children of torture victims: a sequel to cultural adaptation or to parental torture. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 1990;11:79-80.
13. Gruenbaum L. Psychotherapy with children in refugee families who have survived torture: containment and understanding of repetitive behavior and play. Journal of Child Psychotherapy 1997;23:437-52.
14. Kira I, Clifford D, Farrag M, Al-Haidar A. Cu-mulative trauma disorder in Iraqi refugees in Michigan: a preliminary data. Paper presented in the Second Annual Symposium on Refugee, held in Dearborn, Michigan, 2002.
15. Kira I. Wraparound approach for the treatment of torture survivors: an innovative initiative. TORTURE 2001;11:75-6.
16. Kira I. Torture assessment and treatment: the wraparound approach. Traumatology: An International E-journal 2002;8:23-51. http://www.fsu. edu/_trauma
17. Kira I. The effects of torture: two studies. Paper accepted for presentation in the American Psychological Association Annual Convention, Honolulu, 2004.
18. Figley C. Burnout in families: the systemic costs of caring. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1998.