Evaluating thermoregulation in reptiles: An appropriate null model

American Naturalist

Volumn 168, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 421-430

  Christian, Keith A ^a   Tracy, Christopher R ^a   Tracy, C Richard ^b  

^a CHARLES DARWIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA   (United States)

Author keywords

Body size; Body temperature; Ectotherms; Null model; Operative temperature; Thermal inertia

Indexed keywords

BODY TEMPERATURE; NUMERICAL MODEL; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE; REPTILE; THERMOREGULATION;

ANIMAL; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; ECOSYSTEM; PHYSIOLOGY; REPTILE; REVIEW; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; TEMPERATURE; THERMOREGULATION;

ANIMALS; BODY TEMPERATURE REGULATION; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; ECOSYSTEM; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; REPTILES; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; TEMPERATURE;

ANIMALIA; REPTILIA;

EID: 33748778817     PISSN: 00030147     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/506528     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Bakken, G. S. 1981. How many equivalent black-body temperatures are there? Journal of Thermal Biology 6:59-60.
2. -. 1992. Measurement and application of operative and standard operative temperatures in ecology. American Zoologist 32:194-216.
3. Bakken, G. S., and D. M. Gates. 1975. Heat transfer analysis of animals: some implications for field ecology, physiology and evolution. Pages 255-290 in D. M. Gates and R. B. Schmerl, eds. Perspectives of biophysical ecology. Springer, New York.
4. Bakken, G. S., W. R. Santee, and D. J. Erskine. 1985. Operative and standard operative temperatures: tools for thermal energetics studies. American Zoologist 25:933-943.
5. Bartholomew, G. A. 1982. Physiological control of body temperature. Pages 167-211 in C. Gans and F. H. Pough, eds. Biology of the Reptilia. Vol. 12. Physiology C: physiological ecology. Academic Press, New York.
6. Bartlett, P. N., and D. M. Gates. 1967. The energy budget of a lizard on a tree trunk. Ecology 48:316-322.
7. Bauwens, D., P. E. Hertz, and A. M. Castilla. 1996. Thermoregulation in a lacertid lizard: the relative contributions of distinct behavioral mechanisms. Ecology 77:1818-1830.
8. Blouin-Demers, G., and P. Nadeau. 2005. The cost-benefit model of thermoregulation does not predict lizard thermoregulatory behavior. Ecology 86:560-566.
9. Blouin-Demers, G., and P. J. Weatherhead. 2001. Thermal ecology of black rat snakes (Elaphe obsoleta) in a thermally challenging environment. Ecology 82:3025-3043.
10. Brown, G. P., and P. J. Weatherhead. 2000. Thermal ecology and sexual size dimorphism in northern water snakes, Nerodia sipedon. Ecological Monographs 70:311-330.
11. Christian, K. A., and C. R. Tracy. 1981. The effect of the thermal environment on the ability of hatchling Galapagos land iguanas to avoid predation during dispersal. Oecologia (Berlin) 49:218-223.
12. Christian, K. A., and B. W. Weavers. 1996. Thermoregulation of monitor lizards in Australia: an evaluation of methods in thermal biology. Ecological Monographs 66:139-157.
13. Christian, K. A., C. R. Tracy, and W. P. Porter. 1983. Seasonal shifts in body temperature and use of microhabitats by the Galapagos land iguana. Ecology 64:463-468.
14. Christian, K. A., L. Corbett, B. Green, and B. Weavers. 1995. Seasonal activity and energetics of two species of varanid lizards in tropical Australia. Oecologia (Berlin) 103:349-357.
15. Cowles, R. B., and C. M. Bogert. 1944. A preliminary study of the thermal requirements of desert reptiles. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 82:265-296.
16. Dzialowski, E. M., and M. P. O'Connor. 1999. Utility of blood flow to the appendages in physiological control of heat exchange in reptiles. Journal of Thermal Biology 24:21-32.
17. -. 2001. Thermal time constant estimation in warming and cooling ectotherms. Journal of Thermal Biology 26:231-245.
18. -. 2004. Importance of the limbs in the physiological control of heat exchange in Iguana iguana and Sceloporus undulatus. Journal of Thermal Biology 29:299-305.
19. Fitzgerald, M., R. Shine, and F. Lemckert. 2003. A reluctant heliotherm: thermal ecology of the arboreal snake, Hoplocephalus stephensi (Elapidae) in dense forest. Journal of Thermal Biology 28:515-524.
20. Heath, J. E. 1964. Reptilian thermoregulation: evaluation of field studies. Science 146:784-785.
21. Hertz, P. E. 1992a. Evaluating thermal resource partitioning by sympatric lizards Anolis cooki and A. cristatellus: a field test using null hypotheses. Oecologia (Berlin) 90:127-136.
22. -. 19926. Temperature regulation in Puerto Rican Anolis lizards: a field test using null hypotheses. Ecology 73:1405-1417.
23. Hertz, P. E., R. B. Huey, and R. D. Stevenson. 1993. Evaluating temperature regulation by field-active ectotherms: the fallacy of the inappropriate question. American Naturalist 142:796-818.
24. Huey, R. B., and M. Slatkin. 1976. Costs and benefits of lizard thermoregulation. Quarterly Review of Biology 51:363-384.
25. Ibargüengoytía, N. R. 2005. Field, selected body temperature and thermal tolerance of the syntopic lizards Phymaturus patagonicus and Liolamus elongates (Iguania: Liolaemidae). Journal of Arid Environments 62:435-448.
26. Norris, K. S. 1967. Color adaptation in desert reptiles and its thermal relationships. Pages 162-229 in W. W. Milstead, ed. Lizard ecology: a symposium. University of Missouri Press, Columbia.
27. O'Connor, M. P. 1999. Physiological and ecological implications of a simple model of heating and cooling in reptiles. Journal of Thermal Biology 24:113-136.
28. Porter, W. P., and D. M. Gates. 1969. Thermodynamic equilibria of animals with environment. Ecological Monographs 39:227-244.
29. Porter, W. P., and F. C. James. 1979. Behavioral implications of mechanistic ecology. II. The African rainbow lizard Agama agama. Copeia 1979:594-619.
30. Porter, W. P., and C. R. Tracy. 1982. Biophysical analysis of energetics, time-space utilization, and distributional limits of lizards. Pages 55-83 in R. Huey, E. Pianka, and T. Schoener, eds. Ecology of lizards. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
31. Porter, W. P., J. W. Mitchell, W. A. Beckman, and C. B. DeWitt. 1973. Behavioral implications of mechanistic ecology. Oecologia (Berlin) 13:1-54.
32. Roughgarden, J., W. P. Porter, and D. Heckel. 1981. Resource, partitioning of space and its relationship to body temperature in Anolis lizard populations. Oecologia (Berlin) 50:256-264.
33. Seebacher, F., and R. Shine. 2004. Evaluating thermoregulation in reptiles: the fallacy of the inappropriately applied method. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 77:688-695.
34. Spotila, J. R. 1980. Constraints of body size and environment on the temperature regulation of dinosaurs. Pages 233-252 in R. D. K. Thomas and E. C. Olson, eds. A cold look at the warm-blooded dinosaurs. Westview, Boulder, CO.
35. Spotila, J. R., P. W. Lommen, G. S. Bakken, and D. M. Gates. 1973. A mathematical model for body temperatures of large reptiles: implications for dinosaur ecology. American Naturalist 107:391-404.
36. Stevenson, R. D. 1985a. Body size and limits to the daily range of body temperature in terrestrial ectotherms. American Naturalist 125:102-117.
37. -. 1985b. The relative importance of behavioral and physiological adjustments controlling body temperature in terrestrial ectotherms. American Naturalist 126:362-386.
38. Stevenson, R. D., C. R. Peterson, and I. S. Tsuji. 1985. The thermal dependence of locomotion, tongue flicking, digestion and oxygen consumption in the wandering garter snake. Physiological Zoology 58:46-57.
39. Tracy, C. R. 1982. Biophysical modeling of reptilian physiology and ecology. Pages 275-321 in C. Gans and F. H. Pough, eds. Biology of the Reptilia. Vol. 12. Physiology C: physiological ecology. Academic Press, New York.
40. Tracy, C. R., J. S. Turner, and R. B. Huey. 1986. A biophysical analysis of possible thermoregulatory adaptations in sailed pelycosaurs. Pages 195-206 in N. J. Hotton III, P. D. MacLean, J. J. Roth, and E. C. Roth, eds. The ecology and biology of mammal-like reptiles. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
41. Turner, J. S. 1987. On the transient temperatures of ectotherms. Journal of Thermal Biology 12:207-214.
42. -. 1994a. Thermal impedance of a contact-incubated bird's egg. Journal of Thermal Biology 19:237-243.
43. -. 1994b. Time and energy in the intermittent incubation of birds' eggs. Israel Journal of Zoology 40:519-540.
44. -. 1994c. Transient-state thermal properties of contact-incubated chicken eggs. Physiological Zoology 67:1426-1447.
45. Turner, J. S., and C. R. Tracy. 1983. Blood flow to appendages and the control of heat exchange in the American alligator. Physiological Zoology 56:195-200.
46. -. 1986. Body size, homeothermy and the control of heat exchange in mammal-like reptiles. Pages 185-194 in N. I. Hotton III, P. D. McLean, J. I. Roth, and E. C. Roth, eds. The ecology and biology of mammal-like reptiles. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
47. Waldschmidt, S., and C. R. Tracy. 1983. Interactions between a lizard and its thermal environment: implications for sprint performance and space utilization in the lizard Uta stansburiana. Ecology 64:476-484.
48. Wills, C. A., and S. J. Beaupre. 2000. An application of randomization for detecting evidence of thermoregulation in timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus) from northwest Arkansas. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 73:325-334.