Evaluation of the effects of dietary fat, conjugated linoleic acid, and ractopamine on growth performance, pork quality, and fatty acid profiles in genetically lean gilts

Journal of Animal Science

Volumn 84, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 720-732

  Weber, T E ^a,d   Richert, B T ^a   Belury, M A ^b   Gu, Y ^c   Enright, K ^a   Schinckel, A P ^a  

^a PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c BASTYR UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

Conjugated linoleic acid; Dietary fat; Fatty acid; Pig growth; Ractopamine

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; GLYCINE MAX; SUS SCROFA;

EID: 33748769565     PISSN: 00218812     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2527/2006.843720x     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Adeola, O., R. O. Ball, and L. G. Young. 1992. Porcine skeletal muscle myofibrillar protein synthesis is stimulated by ractopamine. J. Nutr. 122:488-495.
2. AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Assoc. Offic. Anal. Chem., Arlington, VA.
3. Bee, G. 2000. Dietary conjugated linoleic acids alter adipose tissue and milk lipids of pregnant and lactating sows. J. Nutr. 130:2292-2298.
4. Bergen, W. G., S. E. Johnson, D. M. Skjaelund, A. S. Babiker, N. K. Ames, R. A. Merkel, and D. B. Anderson. 1989. Muscle protein metabolism in finishing pigs fed ractopamine. J. Anim. Sci. 67:2255-2262.
5. Bligh, E. G., and W. J. Dyer. 1959. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can. J. Biochem. 37:911-917.
6. Dugan, M. E. R., J. L. Aalhus, A. L. Schaefer, and J. K. G. Kramer. 1997. The effect of conjugated linoleic acid on fat to lean repartitioning and feed conversion in pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 77:723-725.
7. Eggert, J. M., M. A. Belury, A. Kempa-Steczko, S. E. Mills, and A. P. Schinckel. 2001. Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on the belly firmness and fatty acid composition of genetically lean pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 79:2866-2872.
8. Ellis, N. R., and H. S. Isbell. 1926. Soft pork studies 2. The influence of the character of the ration upon the composition of the body fat of hogs. J. Biol. Chem. 69:219-238.
9. Grant, A. L., D. M. Skjaerlund, W. G. Helferich, W. G. Bergen, and R. A. Merkel. 1993. Skeletal muscle growth and expression of skeletal muscle α-actin mRNA and insulin-like growth factor I mRNA in pigs during feeding and withdrawal of ractopamine. J. Anim. Sci. 71:3319-3326.
10. Hargrave, K. M., C. Li, B. J. Meyer, S. D. Kachman, D. L. Hartzell, M. A. Della-Fera, J. L. Miner, and C. A. Baile. 2002. Adipose depletion and apoptosis induced by trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid in mice. Obes. Res. 10:1284-1290.
11. Joo, S. T., J. I. Lee, Y. L. Ha, and G. B. Park. 2002. Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation, color, and water-holding capacity of pork loin. J. Anim. Sci. 80:108-112.
12. Mersmann, H. J. 1998. Overview of the effects of β-adrenergic receptor agonists on animal growth including mechanism of action. J. Anim. Sci. 76:160-172.
13. Mildner, A. M., and S. D. Clarke. 1991. Porcine fatty acid synthase: cloning of a complementary DNA, tissue distribution of its mRNA and suppression of expression by somatotropin and dietary protein. J. Nutr. 121:900-907.
14. Mills, S. E., C. Y. Liu, and A. P. Schinckel. 1990. Effects of ractopamine on adipose tissue metabolism and insulin binding in finishing hogs. Interaction with genotype and slaughter weight. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 7:251-264.
15. Miner, J. L., C. A. Cederberg, M. K. Nielsen, X. Chen, and C. A. Baile. 2001. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), body fat, and apoptosis. Obes. Res. 9:129-134.
16. NPPC. 1991. Procedures to Evaluate Market Hogs. 3rd ed. Natl. Pork Prod. Counc., Des Moines, IA.
17. NPPC. 1999. Pork Quality Standards. Natl. Pork Prod. Counc., Des Moines, IA.
18. NRC. 1998. Nutrient Requirements of Swine. 9th ed. Natl. Acad. Press, Washington, DC.
19. O'Quinn, P. R., J. L. Nelssen, R. D. Goodband, J. A. Unruh, J. C. Woodworth, J. S. Smith, and M. D. Tokach. 2000. Effects of modified tall oil versus a commercial source of conjugated linoleic acid and increasing levels of modified tall oil on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 78:2359-2368.
20. Ostrowska, E., M. Muralitharan, R. F. Cross, D. E. Bauman, and F. R. Dunshea. 1999. Dietary conjugated linoleic acids increase lean tissue and decrease fat deposition in growing pigs. J. Nutr. 129:2037-2042.
21. Page, K. A., D. L. Hartzell, C. Li, A. L. Westby, M. A. Della-Fera, M. J. Azain, T. D. Pringle, and C. A. Baile. 2004. β-adrenergic receptor agonists increase apoptosis of adipose tissue in mice. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 26:23-31.
22. Ramsay, T. G., C. M. Evock-Clover, N. C. Steele, and M. J. Azain. 2001. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid alters fatty acid composition of pig skeletal muscle and fat. J. Anim. Sci. 79:2151-2161.
23. Rasmussen, A., and J. R. Stouffer. 1996. New method for determination of drip loss in pork muscles. Paper presented at the 34th Int. Congr. Meat Sci. Technol., Brisbane, Australia.
24. Satory, D. L., and S. B. Smith. 1999. Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits proliferation but stimulates lipid filling of murine 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. J. Nutr. 129:92-97.
25. Seerley, R. W., J. P. Briscoe, and H. C. McCampbell. 1978. A comparison of poultry and animal fat on performance, body composition and tissue lipids of swine. J. Anim. Sci. 46:1018-1023.
26. Shantha, N. C., E. A. Decker, and B. Henng. 1993. Comparison of methylation methods for the quantification of conjugated linoleic acid isomers. J. AOAC Int. 76:644-649.
27. 9 desaturase index and stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase enzyme activity in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue. J. Anim. Sci. 80:2110-2115.
28. Smith, S. B., H. J. Mersmann, E. O. Smith, and K. G. Britain. 1999. Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase gene expression during growth in adipose tissue from obese and crossbred pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 77:1710-1716.
29. Stahly, T. S., and G. L. Cromwell. 1979. Effect of environmental temperature and dietary fat supplementation on the performance and carcass characteristics of growing and finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 49:1478-1488.
30. Stoller, G. M., H. N. Zerby, S. J. Moeller, T. J. Baas, C. Johnson, and L. E. Watkins. 2003. The effect of feeding ractopamine (Paylean) on muscle quality and sensory characteristics in three diverse genetic lines of swine. J. Anim. Sci. 81:1508-1516.
31. Swan, J. E., F. C. Parrish, B. R. Weigand, S. T. Larsen, T. J. Baas, and E. P. Berg. 2001. Total body electrical conductivity (TOBEC) measurement of compositional differences in hams, loins, and bellies from conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)-fed stress-genotype pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 79:1475-1482.
32. Warnants, N., M. J. Van Oeckel, and C. V. Boucque. 1999. Incorporation of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids into pork fatty tissues. J. Anim. Sci. 77:2478-2490.
33. Williams, N. H., T. R. Cline, A. P. Schinckel, and D. J. Jones. 1994. The impact of ractopamine, energy intake, and dietary fat on finisher pig growth performance and carcass merit. J. Anim. Sci. 72:3152-3162.