The state under siege: The drug trade and organised crime in Tajikistan

Europe - Asia Studies

Volumn 58, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 827-854

  Engvall, Johan ^a  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRIME; DRUGS TRADE; MILITARY INTERVENTION; SECURITY THREAT; STATE ROLE;

ASIA; EURASIA; TAJIKISTAN; WEST ASIA;

EID: 33748577999     PISSN: 09668136     EISSN: 14653427     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09668130600830904     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Akiner, S.(2001) Tajikistan: Disintegration or Reconciliation?. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs.
2. Akiner, S. and Barnes, C. (2001) 'The Tajik Civil War: Causes and Dynamics' Accord.
3. Atkin, M. (1997) 'Tajikistan's Civil War' Current History 96.
4. Ayoob, M.(1995) The Third World Security Predicament: State Making, Regional Conflict, and the International System. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
5. Ballentine, K. and Nitzschke, H. (2003) 'Beyond Greed and Grievance: Policy Lessons from Studies in the Political Economy of Armed Conflict' International Peace Academy Policy Report.
6. Buzan, B.(1991) people, States & Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-Cold War Era 2nd edition. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
7. Buzan, B. and Waever, O. and De Wilde, J.(1998) Security: A New Framework for Analysis. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
8. Cha, V. (2000) 'Globalisation and the Study of International Security' Journal of Peace Research, 37, pp. 3.
9. Cornell, S. (2004) 'Handelns fortsättning med kriminella medel' ['Crime without Borders'] Axess pp. 6.
10. Cornell, S. (2005) 'Narcotics, Radicalism and Armed Conflict in Central Asia: The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan' Terrorism and Political Violence, 17, pp. 4.
11. Cornell, S. (2006) 'The Narcotics Threat in Greater Central Asia: From Crime- Terror Nexus to State Infiltration?' The China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly', 4, pp. 1.
12. Dishman, C. (2001) 'Terrorism, Crime and Transformation' Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 24, pp. 1.
13. Dziedzic, M. (1989) 'The Transnational Drug Trade and Regional Security' Survival, 31, pp. 6.
14. Ehrenfeldt, R.(2003) Funding Evil: How Terrorism is Financed and How to Stop it. New York: Bonus Books.
15. Griffith, I.(1997) Drugs and Security in the Caribbean: Sovereignty under Siege. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press.
16. Hellmann, J. and Jones, G. and Kaufman, D.(2000) Seize the State, Seize the Day: State Capture, Corruption, and Influence in Transition Policy Research Working Paper, 2444, September. Washington DC: The World Bank.
17. International Crisis Group. (2001) 'Drugs and Conflict' Asia Report, 25.
18. International Crisis Group. (2003) 'Youth in Central Asia: Loosing the New Generation' Asia Report, 66.
19. Kolstø P.(2000) Political Construction Sites: Nation-Building in Russia and the Post-Soviet States. Boulder CO: Westview Press.
20. Levitsky, M. (2003) 'Transnational Criminal Networks and International Security' Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce, 30, pp. 2.
21. Madi, M.(2003) Drug Trafficking in Weak States: The Case of Central Asia. Uppsala: Uppsala University, Department of Peace and Conflict Research.
22. Makarenko, T. (2002) 'Crime, Terror and the Central Asian Drug Trade' Harvard Asia Quarterly, 6(3).
23. Makarenko, T. (2004) 'The Crime - Terror Continuum: Tracing the Interplay between Transnational Organised Crime and Terrorism' Global Crime, 6, pp. 1.
24. Marat, E. (2006) 'Impact of Drug Trade and Organised Crime on State Functioning in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan' The China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, 4, pp. 1.
25. Matthew, R. and Shambaugh, G. (1998) 'Sex, Drugs and Heavy Metal: Transnational Threats and National Vulnerabilities' Security Dialogue 29, pp. 2.
26. McDermott, R.(2002) Border Security in Tajikistan: Countering the Narcotics Trade?. London: Defence Academy of the United Kingdom.
27. Ohlson, T. and Söderberg, M.(2002) From Intra-State War to Democratic Peace in Weak States. Uppsala: Uppsala University, Department of Peace and Conflict Research.
28. Osmonaliev, K.(2005) Developing Counter-Narcotics Policy in Central Asia. Uppsala: Central Asia - Caucasus Institute and Silk Road Studies Programme.
29. Rashid, A.(2002) The Rise of Militant Islam in Central Asia. New Haven: Yale University Press.
30. Roy, O.(2000) The New Central Asia: The Creation of Nations. London: I. B. Tauris.
31. Sabol, S. (1995) 'The Creation of Soviet Central Asia: The 1924 National Delimitation of Soviet Central Asia' Central Asian Survey, 14, pp. 2.
32. Sanderson, T. (2004) 'Transnational Terror and Organised Crime: Blurring the Lines' SAIS Review, 24, pp. 1.
33. Seger, A.(1996) Drugs and Development in the Central Asian Republics. Bonn: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit [GTZ].
34. Shelley, L. (1995) 'Transnational Organised Crime: An Imminent Threat to the Nation-State?' Journal of International Affairs, 48, pp. 2.
35. Slim, R. and Hodizoda, F.(2002) 'Tajikistan: From Civil War to Peacebuilding'. In Searching for Peace in Europe and Eurasia: An Overview of Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding Activities. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers. (2002)
36. Thachuk, K. (2001) Transnational Threats: Falling Through the Cracks?' Low Intensity Conflict & Law Enforcement, 10, pp. 1.
37. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).(2003a) The Opium Economy in Afghanistan: An International Problem. New York: United Nations.
38. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).(2003b) Global Illicit Drug Trends 2003. New York: United Nations.
39. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).(2005) Afghanistan Opium Survey 2005. New York: United Nations.
40. Weber, Max.(1964) The Theory of Social and Economic Organisation. New York: Free Press.
41. Williams, Phil.(2002) 'Criminalisation and Stability in Central Asia and South Caucasus'. In Faultlines of Conflict in Central Asia and the South Caucasus: Implications for the US Army. Santa Monica CA: Rand Publications. (2002)