메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 36, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 1475-1483

The effect of initial tree-planting density on timber and wood-fuel properties of red alder and sycamore

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; ELASTIC MODULI; WOOD FUELS;

EID: 33748576946     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/X06-029     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (6)

References (39)
  • 2
    • 0035874107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood density of radiate pine: Effect of nitrogen supply
    • Beets, P.N., Gilchrist, K., and Jeffreys, M.P. 2001. Wood density of radiate pine: effect of nitrogen supply. For. Ecol. Manage. 145: 173-180.
    • (2001) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.145 , pp. 173-180
    • Beets, P.N.1    Gilchrist, K.2    Jeffreys, M.P.3
  • 3
    • 0026527067 scopus 로고
    • Fuelwood characteristics of some Indian mountain species
    • Bhatt, B.P., and Todaria, N.P. 1992. Fuelwood characteristics of some Indian mountain species. For. Ecol. Manage. 47: 363-366.
    • (1992) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.47 , pp. 363-366
    • Bhatt, B.P.1    Todaria, N.P.2
  • 4
    • 0142134451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of standing tree quality of Japanese cedar grown with different spacing using stress-wave and ultrasonic-wave methods
    • Chuang, S.T., and Wang, S.Y. 2000. Evaluation of standing tree quality of Japanese cedar grown with different spacing using stress-wave and ultrasonic-wave methods. J. Wood Sci. 47: 245-253.
    • (2000) J. Wood Sci. , vol.47 , pp. 245-253
    • Chuang, S.T.1    Wang, S.Y.2
  • 6
    • 0034666536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crown stem and wood properties of wind-damaged and undamaged Sitka spruce
    • Dunham, R.A., and Cameron, A.D. 2000. Crown stem and wood properties of wind-damaged and undamaged Sitka spruce. For. Ecol. Manage. 135: 73-81.
    • (2000) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.135 , pp. 73-81
    • Dunham, R.A.1    Cameron, A.D.2
  • 7
    • 0347737731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Juvenile wood effect in red alder: Analysis of physical and mechanical data to delineate juvenile and mature wood zones
    • Evans, J.W., Senft, J.F., and Green, D.W. 2000. Juvenile wood effect in red alder: analysis of physical and mechanical data to delineate juvenile and mature wood zones. For. Prod. J. 50: 75-87.
    • (2000) For. Prod. J. , vol.50 , pp. 75-87
    • Evans, J.W.1    Senft, J.F.2    Green, D.W.3
  • 8
    • 16344374106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utilising biomass and waste for power production - A decade of contributing to the understanding, interpretation and analysis of deposits and corrosion products
    • Frandsen, F.J. 2005. Utilising biomass and waste for power production - a decade of contributing to the understanding, interpretation and analysis of deposits and corrosion products. Fuel. 84: 1277-1294.
    • (2005) Fuel , vol.84 , pp. 1277-1294
    • Frandsen, F.J.1
  • 9
    • 20444467358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of heating values of biomass fuel from elemental composition
    • Friedl, A., Padouvas, E., Rotter, H., and Varmuza, K. 2005. Prediction of heating values of biomass fuel from elemental composition. Anal. Chim. Acta, 544: 191-198.
    • (2005) Anal. Chim. Acta , vol.544 , pp. 191-198
    • Friedl, A.1    Padouvas, E.2    Rotter, H.3    Varmuza, K.4
  • 10
    • 0002812858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in specific-gravity of wood within and between trees of red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.)
    • Gartner, B.L., Lei, H., and Milota, M.R. 1996. Variation in specific-gravity of wood within and between trees of red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.). Wood Fiber Sci. 29: 10-20.
    • (1996) Wood Fiber Sci. , vol.29 , pp. 10-20
    • Gartner, B.L.1    Lei, H.2    Milota, M.R.3
  • 11
    • 0036964822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axial compression strength of Norway spruce related to structural variability and lignin content
    • Gindl, W., and Teischinger, A. 2002. Axial compression strength of Norway spruce related to structural variability and lignin content. Composites Part A. 33: 1623-1628.
    • (2002) Composites Part A , vol.33 , pp. 1623-1628
    • Gindl, W.1    Teischinger, A.2
  • 12
    • 0029908817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel quality of promising tree species for alkaline soil sites in relation to tree age
    • Goel, V.L., and Behl, H.M. 1996. Fuel quality of promising tree species for alkaline soil sites in relation to tree age. Biomass Bioenergy, 10: 57-61.
    • (1996) Biomass Bioenergy , vol.10 , pp. 57-61
    • Goel, V.L.1    Behl, H.M.2
  • 13
    • 0028973711 scopus 로고
    • Observation of turbulent air flow in three stands of widely spaced Sitka spruce
    • Green, S.R., Grace, J., and Hutchings, N.J. 1995. Observation of turbulent air flow in three stands of widely spaced Sitka spruce. Agric. For. Meteorol. 74: 205-225.
    • (1995) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.74 , pp. 205-225
    • Green, S.R.1    Grace, J.2    Hutchings, N.J.3
  • 15
    • 0033151326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuelwood characteristics of selected indigenous tree species from central India
    • Jain, R.K., and Singh, B. 1999. Fuelwood characteristics of selected indigenous tree species from central India. Bioresour. Technol. 68: 305-308.
    • (1999) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.68 , pp. 305-308
    • Jain, R.K.1    Singh, B.2
  • 16
    • 0036016044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuelwood characteristics of indigenous tree species of north-east India
    • Kataki, R., and Konwer, D. 2001. Fuelwood characteristics of indigenous tree species of north-east India. Biomass Bioenergy, 22: 433-437.
    • (2001) Biomass Bioenergy , vol.22 , pp. 433-437
    • Kataki, R.1    Konwer, D.2
  • 17
    • 0032169147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Thermie Energy Farm Project
    • Lange, H.J.D., and Barbucci, P. 1998. The Thermie Energy Farm Project. Biomass Bioenergy, 15: 219-224.
    • (1998) Biomass Bioenergy , vol.15 , pp. 219-224
    • Lange, H.J.D.1    Barbucci, P.2
  • 18
    • 11444267841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of genotype and spacing on Pinus radiata (D. Don) corewood stiffness in an 11-year old experiment
    • Lasserre, J.P., Mason, E.G., and Watt, M.S. 2005. The effects of genotype and spacing on Pinus radiata (D. Don) corewood stiffness in an 11-year old experiment. For. Ecol. Manage. 205: 375-383.
    • (2005) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.205 , pp. 375-383
    • Lasserre, J.P.1    Mason, E.G.2    Watt, M.S.3
  • 19
    • 0004167039 scopus 로고
    • Report, Building Research Establishment, Garston, UK. 3rd ed. H.M.S.O., London, UK
    • Lavers, G.M. 1983. The strength properties of timber. Report, Building Research Establishment, Garston, UK. 3rd ed. H.M.S.O., London, UK.
    • (1983) The Strength Properties of Timber
    • Lavers, G.M.1
  • 20
    • 0030483550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Willow wood production, production and economy
    • Ledin, S. 1996. Willow wood production, production and economy. Biomass Bioenergy, 11: 75-83.
    • (1996) Biomass Bioenergy , vol.11 , pp. 75-83
    • Ledin, S.1
  • 21
    • 0030894704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of growth rate on the anatomy, specific gravity, and bending properties of wood from 7-year-old red alder (Alnus rubra)
    • Lei, H., Gartner, B.L., and Milota, M.R. 1997. Effect of growth rate on the anatomy, specific gravity, and bending properties of wood from 7-year-old red alder (Alnus rubra). Can. J. For. Res. 27: 80-85.
    • (1997) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 80-85
    • Lei, H.1    Gartner, B.L.2    Milota, M.R.3
  • 22
    • 0036107335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the effects of silviculture on timber quality of Sitka spruce
    • Oxf.
    • Macdonald, E., and Hubert, J. 2002. A review of the effects of silviculture on timber quality of Sitka spruce. Forestry (Oxf.), 75: 107-138.
    • (2002) Forestry , vol.75 , pp. 107-138
    • Macdonald, E.1    Hubert, J.2
  • 23
    • 0011830150 scopus 로고
    • Red alder: A broad-leaved species for central Scotland
    • McIver, H.W. 1991. Red alder: a broad-leaved species for central Scotland. Scott. For. 45: 95-105.
    • (1991) Scott. For. , vol.45 , pp. 95-105
    • McIver, H.W.1
  • 24
    • 0041095287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calorific values and flammability of forest species in glacia, continental high mountainous and humid Atlantic zones
    • Nunez-Regueira, L., Rodriguez-Anon, J., and Proupin-Castineiras, J. 1997. Calorific values and flammability of forest species in glacia, continental high mountainous and humid Atlantic zones. Bioresour. Technol. 61: 111-119.
    • (1997) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.61 , pp. 111-119
    • Nunez-Regueira, L.1    Rodriguez-Anon, J.2    Proupin-Castineiras, J.3
  • 26
    • 4344687564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical characterisation and chemical composition of densified biomass fuels with regard to their combustion behaviour
    • Obernberger, I., and Thek, G. 2004. Physical characterisation and chemical composition of densified biomass fuels with regard to their combustion behaviour. Biomass Bioenergy, 27: 653-669.
    • (2004) Biomass Bioenergy , vol.27 , pp. 653-669
    • Obernberger, I.1    Thek, G.2
  • 27
    • 33748561632 scopus 로고
    • Commercial woods
    • Edited by E.J. Mullins and T.S. McNight. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ont.
    • Perem, E., McBride, C.F., and Keith, C.T. 1981. Commercial woods. In Canadian woods, their properties and uses. Edited by E.J. Mullins and T.S. McNight. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ont. pp. 9-44.
    • (1981) Canadian Woods, Their Properties and Uses , pp. 9-44
    • Perem, E.1    McBride, C.F.2    Keith, C.T.3
  • 28
    • 0028888002 scopus 로고
    • Wood quality of Pinus sylevstris progenies at various spacings
    • Persson, B., Persson, A., Stahl, E.G., and Karlmats, U. 1995. Wood quality of Pinus sylevstris progenies at various spacings. For. Ecol. Manage. 76: 127-138.
    • (1995) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.76 , pp. 127-138
    • Persson, B.1    Persson, A.2    Stahl, E.G.3    Karlmats, U.4
  • 29
    • 0032784617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of biomass production in coppice and single stem woodland management systems on an imperfectly drained gley soil in central Scotland
    • Proe, M.F., Craig, J., Griffiths, J., Wilson, A., and Reid, E. 1999. Comparison of biomass production in coppice and single stem woodland management systems on an imperfectly drained gley soil in central Scotland. Biomass Bioenergy, 17: 141-151.
    • (1999) Biomass Bioenergy , vol.17 , pp. 141-151
    • Proe, M.F.1    Craig, J.2    Griffiths, J.3    Wilson, A.4    Reid, E.5
  • 30
    • 0034177834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thigmomorphogenesis: Changes in the morphology and mechanical properties of two Populus hybrids in response to mechanical perturbation
    • Pruyn, M.L., Ewers, B.J., and Telewski, F.W. 2000. Thigmomorphogenesis: changes in the morphology and mechanical properties of two Populus hybrids in response to mechanical perturbation. Tree Physiol. 20: 535-540.
    • (2000) Tree Physiol. , vol.20 , pp. 535-540
    • Pruyn, M.L.1    Ewers, B.J.2    Telewski, F.W.3
  • 31
    • 0033311589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between the molecular structure and bending properties of chemically and thermally degraded maplewood; I. Decrease of bending properties compared with changes in the basic chemical composition of wood
    • Reinprecht, L., Kacik, F., and Solar, R. 1999. Relationship between the molecular structure and bending properties of chemically and thermally degraded maplewood; I. Decrease of bending properties compared with changes in the basic chemical composition of wood. Cell. Chem. Technol. 33: 67-79.
    • (1999) Cell. Chem. Technol. , vol.33 , pp. 67-79
    • Reinprecht, L.1    Kacik, F.2    Solar, R.3
  • 32
    • 0024907758 scopus 로고
    • Initial spacing stand density and thinning in eucalypt plantations
    • Schonau, A.P.G., and Coetzee, J. 1989. Initial spacing stand density and thinning in eucalypt plantations. For. Ecol. Manage. 29: 245-266.
    • (1989) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.29 , pp. 245-266
    • Schonau, A.P.G.1    Coetzee, J.2
  • 33
    • 0035478425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transformation of plantation forests - Expected wood properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) within the period of stand stabilisation
    • Seeling, U. 2001. Transformation of plantation forests - expected wood properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) within the period of stand stabilisation. For. Ecol. Manage. 151: 195-210.
    • (2001) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.151 , pp. 195-210
    • Seeling, U.1
  • 34
    • 0032785467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel characteristics of short rotation forest biomass
    • Senelwa, K., and Sims, R.E.H. 1999. Fuel characteristics of short rotation forest biomass. Biomass Bioenergy, 17: 127-140.
    • (1999) Biomass Bioenergy , vol.17 , pp. 127-140
    • Senelwa, K.1    Sims, R.E.H.2
  • 35
    • 0032891549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diurnal and season patterns of nitrogenase activity of red alder in comparison with white clover in silvopastoral agroforestry systems
    • Teklehaimanot, Z., and Martin, R. 1999. Diurnal and season patterns of nitrogenase activity of red alder in comparison with white clover in silvopastoral agroforestry systems. Biol. Fertil. Soils, 28: 267-270.
    • (1999) Biol. Fertil. Soils , vol.28 , pp. 267-270
    • Teklehaimanot, Z.1    Martin, R.2
  • 36
    • 0036446910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree and livestock productivity in relation to tree planting configuration in a silvopastoral system in North Wales, UK
    • Teklehaimanot, Z., Jones, M., and Sinclair, F.L. 2002. Tree and livestock productivity in relation to tree planting configuration in a silvopastoral system in North Wales, UK. Agroforest. Syst. 56: 47-55.
    • (2002) Agroforest. Syst. , vol.56 , pp. 47-55
    • Teklehaimanot, Z.1    Jones, M.2    Sinclair, F.L.3
  • 37
    • 0343710982 scopus 로고
    • Biomass combustion
    • Edited by D.O. Hall and R.P. Overend. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK
    • Tillman, D.A. 1987. Biomass combustion. In Biomass: renewable energy. Edited by D.O. Hall and R.P. Overend. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK. pp. 203-219.
    • (1987) Biomass: Renewable Energy , pp. 203-219
    • Tillman, D.A.1
  • 38
    • 0003655860 scopus 로고
    • Wood handbook: Wood as an engineering material
    • US Department of Agriculture. 1974. Wood handbook: wood as an engineering material. U.S. Dep. Agric. Agric. Handb. 72.
    • (1974) U.S. Dep. Agric. Agric. Handb. , vol.72
  • 39
    • 0002368519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic modulus of elasticity and bending properties of large beams of Taiwan-grown Japanese cedar from different plantation spacing sites
    • Wang, S.Y., and Ko, C.Y. 1998. Dynamic modulus of elasticity and bending properties of large beams of Taiwan-grown Japanese cedar from different plantation spacing sites. J. Wood Sci. 44: 62-68.
    • (1998) J. Wood Sci. , vol.44 , pp. 62-68
    • Wang, S.Y.1    Ko, C.Y.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.