Experimental results on 2-30 keV bremsstrahlung from thick and thin targets

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

Volumn 75, Issue 10, 2006, Pages 1176-1186

  Shanker, R ^a  

^a BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

Double differential cross sections; Solid state effects; Thick target bremsstrahlung (TTB)

Indexed keywords

ATOMIC PHYSICS; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES; ELECTRON EMISSION; PHOTONS; SOLID STATE PHYSICS;

DOUBLE DIFFERENTIAL CROSS SECTIONS; NEUTRAL ATOMS; SOLID STATE EFFECTS; THICK TARGET BREMSSTRAHLUNG (TTB);

TARGETS;

ARTICLE; ATOM; BREMS RADIATION; CALCULATION; DATA ANALYSIS; ELECTRON; PHOTON; PREDICTION; RADIATION ENERGY; SOLID STATE; THEORETICAL MODEL; THEORETICAL STUDY;

EID: 33748457967     PISSN: 0969806X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2006.06.004     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Altman J.C., Ambrose R., Quarles C.A., and Westbrook G.L. Measurement of the efficiency of solid state detectors using atomic-field bremsstrahlung. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B 24/25 (1987) 1028-1030
2. Ambrose R., Altman J.C., and Quarles C.A. Atomic-field bremsstrahlung cross sections for incident electron energy from 50 to 100 keV for atomic numbers from 6 to 92. Phys. Rev. A 35 (1987) 529-539
3. Ambrose R., Kahler D.L., Lehtihet H.E., and Quartes C. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B 56/57 (1991) 327-332
4. August H.J., and Wernish J. Analytical expression for the electron backscattering coefficient. Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 114 (1989) 629-633
5. Aydinol M., Hippler R., McGregor I., and Kleinpoppen H. Angular distribution of X-radiation following electron bombardment of free atoms. J. Phys. B 13 (1980) 989-998
6. Campbell J.L., and McGhee P.L. State-of-the-art efficiency determination for a Si(Li) X-ray detector in the 3-40 keV energy range. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 248 (1986) 393-404
7. Chervenak J.G., and Liuzzi A. Experimental thick-target bremsstrahlung spectra from electron in the range 10 to 30 keV. Phys. Rev. A 12 (1975) 26-33
8. Dyson N.A. The continuous X-ray spectrum from electron-opaque targets. Proc. Phys. Soc. London 73 (1959) 924-936
9. Estep L., and Quarles C.A. Atomic-field Bremsstrahlung from hydrogen, helium, nitrogen and neon from 5 to 15 keV. Physica C 145 (1987) 369-376
10. --Ag and Au collisions. J. X-ray Sci. Technol. 7 (1997) 331-337
11. Goel S.K., and Shanker R. Experimental thick-target bremsstrahlung spectra from collisions of 7.0 keV electrons with Ag and Au. Phys. Rev. A 54 (1996) 2056-2059
12. Goel S.K., Singh M.J., and Shanker R. Relative shape of the bremsstrahlung photon energy spectrum from 7.0-keV electrons on Ag and Au. Phys. Rev. A 52 (1995) 2453-2456
13. Goel S.K., Singh M.J., and Shanker R. Development of an experimental facility for studying atomic-field bremsstrahlung from keV electrons interacting with atoms and molecules. Pramana: J. Phys. 45 (1995) 291-304
14. Goel S.K., Singh M.J., and Shanker R. Efficiency measurement of a Si(Li) detector below 6.0 keV using the atomic-field bremsstrahlung. Indian J. Phys. 72A (1998) 65-71
15. --Hf collisions. Pramana: J. Phys. 52 (1999) 491-502
16. Hippler R., Saead K., McGregor I., and Kleinpoppen H. Z- dependence of bremsstrahlung radiation from free atoms. Phys. Rev. Lett. 46 (1981) 1622-1625
17. Hippler R., Saeed K., McGreger I., and Kleinpoppen H. Energy dependence of characteristic and bremsstrahlung cross sections of argon induced by electron bombardment at low energy. Z. Phys. A 307 (1982) 83-87
18. Kissel L., Quarles C.A., and Pratt R.H. Shape functions for atomic-field bremsstrahlung from electrons of kinetic energy 1-500 keV on selected neutral atoms 1
19. Kramers H.A. On the theory of X-ray absorption and of the continuous X-ray spectrum. Philos. Mag. 46 (1923) 836-871
20. Kulenkampff H., Scheer M., and Zeitler E. Erganzungen Zur Sommerfeldschen theorie der Roentgen-bremsstrahlung. Z. Phys. 157 (1959) 275-281
21. Moltz J.W., and Placious R.C. Bremsstrahlung cross section measurements for 50-keV electrons. Phys. Rev. 109 (1958) 235-242
22. Palinkas J., and Schlenk B. Efficiency calibration of a Si(Li) X-ray detector in the 1.5-60 keV energy region. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. 169 (1980) 493-498
23. Portillo S., and Quarles C.A. Absolute double differential cross sections for electron bremsstrahlung from rare gas atoms at 28 and 50 keV. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 (2003) 173201
24. Pratt, R.H., 1980. Electron bremsstrahlung x 80: theory and recent developments. In: Fabian, D.J., Kleinpoppen, H., Watson, L.M. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International conference on X-ray Process and Inner shell Ionization, Stirling, Scotland, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 367-378.
25. Pratt, R.H., 1982. Coupling of the radiation field to the electron-atom collision system. In: Lutz, H.O., Briggs, J.S., Kleinpoppen, H. (Eds.), Proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute on Fundamental Processes in Energetic Atomic Collisions, Maratea, Italy. NATO ASI series, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 145-182.
26. 6 molecules. Phys. Lett. 110A (1985) 387-389
27. Quarles C.A., and Heroy D.B. Atomic-field bremsstrahlung from 50-140 keV electrons. Phys. Rev. A 24 (1981) 48-54
28. Seltzer S.M., and Berger M.J. Bremsstrahlung spectra from electron interaction with screened nuclei and orbital electrons. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B 12 (1985) 95-134
29. Semaan M., and Quarles C.A. Bremsstrahlung spectrum from low-energy electron bombardment of rare-gas atoms. Phys. Rev. A 24 (1981) 2280-2283
30. Semaan M., and Quarles C.A. Z- dependence of atomic-field bremsstrahlung. Phys. Rev. A 26 (1982) 3152-3154
31. Shanker, R., Goel, S.K., 1997. Recent experimental work on bremsstrahlung in keV energy range. In: Duggan, J.L., Morgan, I.L. (Eds.), Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry, AIP Conference Proceedings 392, AIP Press, New York, pp. 261-263.
32. 2 molecules by electron impact. Z. Phys. D 42 (1997) 161-164
33. Singh R.K., and Shanker R. The emission of characteristic and non-characteristic X-rays from collisions of 10-22 keV electrons with argon. J. Phys. B 36 (2003) 3031-3042
34. Sommerfeld A. Ueber die Beugung und Bremsung der Electronen. Ann. Phys. Lpz. 11 (1931) 257-330
35. Sommerfeld A., and Maue A.W. Ueber den Bremsverlust von Kathodenstrahlem beim Auftreffen auf Atomkerne. Ann. Phys. 23 (1935) 589-596
36. Storm E. Calculated bremsstrahlung spectra from thick tungsten. Phys. Rev. A 5 (1972) 2328-2338
37. Storm E., and Israel H.I. Nucl. Data Tables 7 (1970) 565
38. Tseng H.-K. Electron bremsstrahlung from atoms. Proc. Natl. Sci. Counc. B. ROC 7 1 (1983) 1-22