Influence of polymer-blend morphology on charge transport and photocurrent generation in donor-acceptor polymer blends

Nano Letters

Volumn 6, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 1674-1681

  Frost, Jarvist M ^a   Cheynis, Fabien ^a,b   Tuladhar, Sachetan M ^a   Nelson, Jenny ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b LABORATOIRE DE CRISTALLOGRAPHIE   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHARGE TRANSFER; COMPUTER SIMULATION; PHOTOCURRENTS; PHOTODIODES; QUANTUM EFFICIENCY;

BLEND COMPOSITION; CHARGE PAIR GENERATION; CONFIGURATIONAL TRAP STATES; PERCOLATION THRESHOLD;

POLYMER BLENDS;

NANOMATERIAL; POLYMER;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL MODEL; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CHEMISTRY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRICITY; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ELECTRON TRANSPORT; LIGHT; METHODOLOGY; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; RADIATION EXPOSURE; SEMICONDUCTOR;

COMPUTER SIMULATION; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ELECTRON TRANSPORT; ELECTROSTATICS; LIGHT; MODELS, CHEMICAL; MODELS, MOLECULAR; NANOSTRUCTURES; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; POLYMERS; SEMICONDUCTORS;

EID: 33748323368     PISSN: 15306984     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/nl0608386     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Halls, J. J. M.; Walsh, C. A.; Greenham, N. C; Marseglia, E. A.; Friend, R. H.; Moratti, S. C.; Holmes, A. B. Nature 1995, 376, 498-500.
2. Brabec, C. J.; Sariciftci, N. S.; Hummelen, J. C. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2001, 11, 15-26.
3. Milliron, D. J.; Gur. I.; Alivisatos, A. P. MRS Bull. 2005, 30, 41-44.
4. Moons, E. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 2002, 14, 12235-12260.
5. Tuladhar, S. M.; Poplavskyy, D.; Choulis, S. A.; Durrant, J. R.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Nelson, J. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2005, 75, 1171-1182.
6. Mihailetchi, V. D.; Koster, L. J. A.; Blom, P. W. M.; Melzer, C.; de Boer, B.; van Duren, J. K. J.; Janssen, R. A. J. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2005, 15, 795-801.
7. van Duren, J. K. J.; Yang, X. N.; Loos, J.; Bulle-Lieuwma, C. W. T.; Sieval, A. B.; Hummelen, J. C.; Janssen, R. A. J. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2004, 14, 425-434.
8. Bassler, H. Phys. Status Solidi B 1993, 175, 15-56.
9. Novikov, S. V.; Dunlap, D. H.; Kenkre, V. M.; Parris, P. E.; Vannikov, A. V. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1998, 81, 4472-4475.
10. Parris, R. E.; Kenkre, V. M.; Dunlap, D. H. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2001, 8712, 126601.
11. Chatten, A. J.; Tuladhar, S. M.; Nelson, J. Proc. IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 31st, 2005; p 31-36.
12. Tuladhar, S. M.; Choulis, S. A.; Chatten, A. J.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Nelson, J., to be submitted for publication.
13. Sylvester-Hvid, K. O.; Rettrup, S.; Ratner, M. A. J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 4296-4307.
14. Peumans, P.; Uchida, S.; Forrest, S. R. Nature 2003, 425, 158-162.
15. Watkins, P. K.; Walker, A. B.; Verschoor, G. L. B. Nano Lett. 2005, 5, 1814-1818.
16. Sariban, A.; Binder, K. J. Chem. Phys. 1987, 86, 5859-5873.
17. Chatten, A. J.; Tuladhar, S. M.; Choulis, S. A.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Nelson, J. J. Mater. Sci. 2005, 40, 1393-1398.
18. Bredas, J. L.; Calbert, J. P.; da Silva, D. A.; Cornil, J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2002, 99, 5804-5809.
19. Nelson, J. Phys. Rev. B 1999, 59, 15374-15380.
20. Borsenberger, P. M.; Weiss, D. S. Organic Photoreceptors for Xerography; Marcel Dekker Inc.: New York, 1998.
21. 9 because experimental studies of polymer-blend morphologies (ref 22) show that solvent evaporation typically leaves the materials "frozen" into a nonequilibrium morphology, rather than achieving complete segregation. We note here that our method could be used to simulate the effects of solvent on morphology (and also transport) using blend morphologies resulting from different numbers of snakes moves, that is, using lattices of different "maturity".
22. Arias, A. C.; Mackenzie, J. D.; Stevenson, R.; Halls, J. J. M; Inbasekaran, M.; Woo, E. P.; Richards, D.; Friend, R. H. Macromolecules 2001, 34, 6005-6013.
23. Kreouzis, T.; Poplavskyy, D.; Tuladhar, S. M.; Campoy-Quiles, M.; Nelson, J.; Campbell, A. J.; Bradley, D. D. C. Phys. Rev. B, in press, 2006.
24. Mozer, A. J.; Sariciftci, N. S. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2004, 389, 438-442.
25. Persistence of Vision (TM) Raytracer. Persistence of Vision Pty. Ltd., Williamstown, Victoria, Australia, http://www.povray.org/
26. Kline, R. J.; McGehee, M. D.; Kadnikova, E. N.; Liu, J. S.; Frechet, J. M. J. Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 1519.
27. Erb, T.; Zhokhavets, U.; Gobsch, G.; Raleva, S.; Stuhn, B.; Schilinsky, P.; Waldauf, C.; Brabec, C. J. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2005, 15, 1193-1196.
28. Nelson, J. Phys. Rev. B 2003, 67, 155209.
29. Offermans, T.; Meskers, S. C. J.; Janssen, R. A. J. J. Chem. Phys. 2003, 119, 10924-10929.
30. Pivrikas, A.; Juska, G.; Mozer, A. J.; Scharber, M.; Arlauskas, K.; Sariciftci, N. S.; Stubb, H.; Osterbacka, R. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2005, 94, 176806.