Bridging the E-democracy gap in Portugal: MPs, ICTs and political mediation

Information Communication and Society

Volumn 9, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 452-472

  Cardoso, Gustavo ^a   Cunha, Carlos ^a,b   Nascimento, Susana ^a  

^a INSTITUTO UNIVERSITÁRIO DE LISBOA ISCTE IUL   (Portugal)

^b DOWLING COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Citizens; E democracy; Information and communication technologies; Members of Parliament; MPs; Political mediation; Portugal

Indexed keywords

EID: 33747796351     PISSN: 1369118X     EISSN: 14684462     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13691180600858630     Document Type: Review

References (29)

1. Arterton, C. F. (1987) Teledemocracy, Can Technology Protect Democracy?, Sage Publications, London.
2. Bandeira, C. L. (2002) Da Legislação à Legitimação: o Papel do Parlamento Português, Instituto de Ciências Sociais (ICS), Lisbon.
3. Barreto, A. (2002) 'A participação Cívica e Política e a Evolução da Sociedade Portuguesa', Actas dos VIII Cursos Internacionais de Verão de Cascais (2-7 Julho 2001), Portugal, Câmara Municipal de Cascais, Cascais, vol. 1, pp. 45-60.
4. Beck, U. (1992) Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity, Sage Publications, London.
5. Beetham, D. (1994) Defining and Measuring Democracy, Sage Publications, London.
6. Cabral, M. V. (1997) Cidadania Política e Equidade Social em Portugal, Celta Editora, Oeiras, Portugal.
7. Cabral, M. V. (2000) 'O Exercício da Cidadania Política em Portugal', Análise Social, nos 154-155, pp. 85-113.
8. Cardoso, G. & Neto, P. P. (2003) 'Mass media driven mobilization and online protest: ICTs and the Pro East-Timor Movement in Portugal', in CYBERPROTEST. New Media, Citizens and Social Movements, eds W. van de Donk, B. Loader, P. Nixon & D. Rucht, Routledge, London.
9. Cardoso, G. & Firmino da Costa, A. (2004) A Sociedade em Rede em Portugal, Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia (CIES) - Instituto Superior de Ciências do Trabalho e da Empresa (ISCTE), Lisbon.
10. Castells, M. (1997) The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture - The Power of Identity, vol. 2, Blackwell. Malden, A.
11. Castells, M. (2000) 'Grassrooting the space of flows', in Cities in the Telecommunications Age - The Fracturing of Geographies, eds J. Wheeler, Y. Aoyama & B. Warf, Routledge, London.
12. Castells, M. (2001) The Internet Galaxy - Reflections on the Internet, Business and Society, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
13. Cheta, R. (2004) 'Disembodied citizenship? Re-@ccessing disabled people's voices in Portugal', in Cyberprotest:. New Media, Citizens and Social Movements, eds W. van de Donk, B. Loader, P. Nixon & D. Rucht, Routledge, London.
14. Coleman, S. (1999) 'Cutting out the middle man: from virtual representation to direct deliberation', in Digital Democracy: Discourse and Decision Making in the Information Age, eds N. B. Hague & D. B. Loader, Routledge, London.
15. Coleman, S. (2000) 'Parliament in the Information Age: the case of Westminster and Hollywood@', in Reinvigorating Democracy? British Politics and the Internet, eds R. Gibson & S. Ward, Aldershot, Ashgate.
16. Cunha, C. & Voerman, G. (2006) 'The digitalization of the West European party systems', in Encyclopedia of Digital Government, eds M. Malkia & A.-V. Anttiroiko, Idea Group, Inc., Hershey, PA, pp. 387-401.
17. Deibert, R. J. (1997) Parchment, Printing and Hypermedia, Columbia University Press, New York.
18. Freire, A, Araújo, A. De, Leston-Bandeira, C., Lobo, M.C. & Magalhães, P. (2002) O Parlamento Português: uma Reforma Necessária, Imprensa de Ciências Sociais (ICS), Lisbon.
19. Hacker, K. L. & van Dijk, J. (eds) (2000) Digital Democracy: Issues of Theory and Practice, Sage Publications, London.
20. Held, D. (1987) Models of Democracy, Polity Press, Cambridge.
21. Hoff, J., Horrocks, I. & Tops, P. (eds) (2000) Democratic Governance and New Technology - Technologically Mediated Innovations in Political Practice in Western Europe, Routledge/ECPR Studies in European Political Science, London.
22. Inquérito à Utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação pela Populaçã o Portuguesa (2001) Ministério da Ciência e da Tecnologia. [Online]. Available at: http://www.si.mct.pt/site/?tema=&mid=845&ler=845 (19 November 2004).
23. Norris, P. (2000) 'Democratic divide? The Impact of the Internet on parliaments worldwide', paper presented at the Political Communications Panel 'Media Virtue and Disdain', American Political Association annual meeting, Washington DC, 31 August 2000. [Online]. Available at: http://ksghome.harvard. edu/~.pnorris.shorenstein.ksg/acrobat/apsa2000demdiv.pdf (19 November 2004).
24. Poster, M. (1995) 'Cyberdemocracy: Internet and the public sphere', MS, University of California. [Online]. Available at: http://www.hnet.uci.edu/ mposter/writings/democ.html (19 November 2004).
25. Sennett, R. (1992) The Fall of Public Man, New York W.W. Norton.
26. Silverstone, R. (1999) Why Study the Media?, Sage Publications, London.
27. Snider, J.H. (1994) 'Democracy on-line: tomorrow's electronic electorate', The Futurist, September/October, pp. 15-19.
28. Thornton, A. (1996) 'Does Internet create democracy?', Master's Thesis in Journalism, University of Technology, Sidney. [Online]. Available at: http://www.wr.com.au/democracy/index.html (19 November 2004).
29. Tsagarousianou, R., Tambini, D. & Bryan, C. (eds) (1998) Cyberdemocracy: Technology, Cities and Civic Networks, Routledge, London.