The Late Wenlock Mulde positive carbon isotope (δ13Ccarb) excursion in North America

GFF

Volumn 128, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 85-90

  Cramer, Bradley D ^a   Kleffner, Mark A ^b   Saltzman, Matthew R ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Carbon isotope; Conodont; Extinction; Graptolite; Ludlow; Silurian; Stratigraphic correlation; Wenlock

Indexed keywords

BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; CARBON ISOTOPE; CONODONT; EXTINCTION; FOSSIL RECORD; GRAPTOLITE; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY; SILURIAN;

NEVADA; NORTH AMERICA; TENNESSEE; UNITED STATES;

HOMERIA;

EID: 33747791241     PISSN: 11035897     EISSN: 20000863     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/11035890601282085     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Barrick, J. E. 1983. Wenlockian (Silurian) conodont biostratigraphy, biofacies, and carbonate lithofacies, Wayne formation, Central Tennessee. Journal of Paleontology, 57: 208-239.
2. Berry, W. B.N. and Murphy, M. A. 1975d. Silurian and Devonian graptolites of central Nevada. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences, 110: 109.
3. Bickert, T., Pätzold, J., Samtleben, C. and Munnecke, A. 1997. Paleoenvironmental changes in the Silurian indicated by stable isotopes in brachiopod shells from Gotland, Sweden. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 61: 2717-2730.
4. Calner, M. 2005a. A Late Silurian extinction event and anachronistic period. Geology, 33: 305-308.
5. Calner, M. 2005b. Silurian carbonate platforms and extinction events-ecosystem changes exemplified from Gotland, Sweden. Facies, 51: 603-610.
6. Calner, M. and Jeppsson, L. 2003. Carbonate platform evolution and conodont stratigraphy during the middle Silurian Mulde Event, Gotland, Sweden. Geological Magazine, 140: 173-203.
7. Calner, M., Jeppsson, L. and Munnecke, A. 2004. The Silurian of Gotland-Part 1: Review of the stratigraphic framework, event stratigraphy, and stable carbon and oxygen isotope development. Erlanger Geologische Abhandlungen Sonderband, 5: 113-131.
8. Calner, M., Jeppsson, L. and Eriksson, M. E. The Baltic basin and the Silurian strata of Gotland, Sweden. The Dynamic Silurian Earth-Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy Field Meeting. 2005. Edited by: Eriksson, M. E. and Calner, M. pp.6-20. Sveriges geologiska undersökning, Rapporter och Meddelanden 121.
9. Calner, M., Kozłowska, A., Masiak, M. and Schmitz, B. 2006. A shoreline to deep basin correlation chart for the middle Silurian coupled extinction-stable isotopic event. GFF, 128: 79-84.
10. Cocks, L. R.M. 2001. Ordovician and Silurian global geography. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 158: 197-210.
11. Corfield, R. M., Siveter, D. J., Cartlidge, J. E. and McKerrow, W. S. 1992. Carbon isotope excursion near the Wenlock-Ludlow (Silurian) boundary in the Anglo-Welsh area. Geology, 20: 371-374.
12. Cramer, B. D. and Saltzman, M. R. 2005. Sequestration of 12C in the deep ocean during the early Wenlock (Silurian) positive carbon isotope excursion. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 219: 333-349.
13. Jaeger, H. 1959. Graptolithen und stratigraphie des jungsten Thuringer Silurs, 197 Abhandlungen Akademie Wissenschaften Berlin, Klasse Chemie, Geologie und Biologie 2.
14. Jaeger, H. 1991. New standard graptolite zonal sequence after the "big crisis" at the Wenlockian/Ludlovian boundary (Silurian). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, 182: 303-354.
15. Jeppsson, L. 1997. A new latest Telychian, Sheinwoodian, and Early Homerian (Early Silurian) Standard Conodont Zonation. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 88: 91-114.
16. Jeppsson, L. and Calner, M. 2003. The Silurian Mulde Event and a scenario for secundo-secundo events. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 93: 135-154.
17. Joachimski, M. M. and Buggisch, W. 1993. Anoxic events in the late Frasnian-Causes of the Frasnian-Famennian faunal crisis. Geology, 21: 675-678.
18. Johnson, M. E., Rong, J., Wang, C. and Wang, P. 2001. Continental island from the Upper Silurian (Ludfordian Stage) of Inner Mongolia; implications for eustasy and paleogeography. Geology, 29: 955-958.
19. Kaljo, D. and Martma, T. 2006. Application of carbon isotope stratigraphy to dating the Baltic Silurian rocks. GFF, 128: 123-129.
20. Munnecke, A., Westphal, H., Reijmer, J. J.G. and Samtleben, C. 1997. Microspar development during early marine burial diagenesis: a comparison of Pliocene carbonates from the Bahamas with Silurian limestones from Gotland (Sweden). Sedimentology, 44: 977-990.
21. Munnecke, A., Samtleben, C. and Bickert, T. 2003. The Ireviken Event in the lower Silurian of Gotland, Sweden-relation to similar Palaeozoic and Proterozoic events. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 195: 99-124.
22. Porebska, E., Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, A. and Masiak, M. 2004. The lundgreni event in the Silurian of the East European Platform, Poland. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 213: 271-294.
23. Quinby-Hunt, M. S. and Berry, W. B.N. 1991. Late Wenlock (Middle Silurian) global bioevents: possible chemical cause for mass graptolite mortalities. Historical Biology, 5: 171-181.
24. 13C stratigraphy: A view from North America. Geology, 29: 671-674.
25. Saltzman, M. R. 2005. Phosphorus, nitrogen, and the redox evolution of the Paleozoic oceans. Geology, 33: 573-576.
26. Wachter, E. and Hayes, J. M. 1985. Exchange of oxygen isotopes in carbon-dioxide-phosphoric acid systems. Chemical Geology, 52: 365-374.
27. Witzke, B. J. and Scotese, C. R. 1990. "Palaeoclimatic constraints for Palaeozoic palaeolatitudes of Laurentia and Euramerica". In Scotese, C. R. Palaeozoic Palaeogeography and Biogeography. Geological Society of London Memoir 12,57-73
28. Woodcock, N. H. 2000. "Introduction to the Silurian". In Aldridge, R. J., Siveter, D. J., Siveter, D. J., Lane, P. D., Palmer, D. and Woodcock, N. H. British Silurian Stratigraphy, Geologic Conservation Review Series 19, 3-22.