Petrography and geochemistry of the Cambro-Ordovician Wajid Sandstone, southwest Saudi Arabia: Implications for provenance and tectonic setting

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

Volumn 27, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 416-429

  Wanas, H A ^a   Abdel Maguid, N M ^a  

^a Menoufia University   (Egypt)

Author keywords

Cambro Ordovician; Provenance; Saudi Arabia; Tectonic setting; Wajid Sandstone

Indexed keywords

GEOCHEMISTRY; ORDOVICIAN; PETROGRAPHY; PROVENANCE; SANDSTONE; TECTONIC SETTING;

ASIA; EURASIA; MIDDLE EAST; SAUDI ARABIA;

EID: 33747782519     PISSN: 13679120     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2005.05.002     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Abdallah, A.M., Darwish, M., El-Aref, M., Helba, A., 1992. Lithostratigraphy of the pre-Cenomanian clastics of north Wadi Qena, Eastern Desert, Egypt. First International Conference of the Geology of the Arab World 2, pp. 255-282.
2. Abdel-Wahab A.A. Provenance of Gebel El-Zeit sandstones, Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Sedimentary Geology 75 (1992) 241-255
3. Alabouvette, B., Villemur, J., 1973. Reconnaissance survey of the Wajid Sandstone. French Bureau. Recherches Geologie Ministres open-file report 70 JED.
4. AL-Laboun, A.A., 1986 Stratigraphy and hydrocarbon potential of the Paleozoic succession of both the Widyan and Tabuk basins, Arabia. In: Halbouty, M (Ed.), 1986. Future Petroleum Provinces of the World American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 40, pp. 373-394.
5. Al-Sharhan A., and Kendall C. Precambrian to Jurassic of the Arabian Gulf and adjacent areas: Their facies, depositional setting and hydrocarbon habitat. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 70 (1986) 977-1002
6. Amireh B.S. Mineral composition of the Cambrian-Cretaceous Nubian Series of Jordan: provenance, tectonic setting and climatological implication. Sedimentary Geology 71 (1991) 99-119
7. Amireh B.S., Schneider W., and Abed A.M. Evolving fluvial-transitional-marine deposition through the Cambrian sequence of Jordan. Sedimentary Geology 89 (1994) 65-90
8. Armstrong-Altrin J.S., Lee Y., Verma S., and Ramasamy S. Geochemistry of sandstones from the Upper Miocene Kudanul Formation, southern India: Implications for provenance, weathering and tectonic setting. Journal of Sedimentary Research 74 2 (2004) 167-179
9. Asiedu D.K., Suzui S., and Shibata T. Provenance of sandstones from the Lower Cretaceous Sasayama Group, inner zone of southwest Japan. Sedimentary Geology 131 (2000) 9-24
10. Bahlburg H. The geochemistry and provenance of Ordovician turbidites in the Argentine Puna. In: Pankhurst R.J., and Rapela C.W. (Eds). The Proto-Andean Margin of Gondwana. Special Publication 142 (1998), Geological Society of London 127-142
11. Basu A., Young S., Suttner L., James W., and Mack G. Re-evaluation of the use of undulatory extinction and crystallinity in detrital quartz for provenance interpretation. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 45 (1975) 873-882
12. Bellini E., and Massa D. A stratigraphic contribution to the Paleozoic of the southern basins of Libya. In: Salem M.J., and Busrewil M.T. (Eds). Geology of Libya vol. 1 (1980), Academic Press, London 3-56
13. Beuf S., Charpal B., De, Rognon O., Gariel P., and Bennacef A.O. Les Gires du Paleozoique inferieur au Sahara. Paris, Editions Technip (1971) 464
14. Best J.A., Barazangi M., Al Saad D., Sawaf T., and Gebran A. Continental margin evolution of the Northern Arabia Platform in Syria. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 77 (1993) 173-293
15. Beydoun Z.R. The Middle East: Regional Geology and Petroleum Resources (1988), Scientific Press, UK. 291p
16. Beydoun Z.R. Arabian Plate Hydrocarbon Geology and Potential: A Plate Tectonic Approach (1991), American Association of Petroleum, Gelogists Memoir 33, 77p
17. Bhatia M.R. Plate tectonics and geochemical composition of sandstones. Journal of Geology 91 (1983) 611-627
18. Bhatia M.R., and Crook K.W. Trace element characteristics of greywackes and tectonic setting discrimination of sedimentary basins. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 92 (1986) 181-193
19. Blatt H., Middleton G., and Murray R. Origin of Sedimentary Rocks. second ed (1980), Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
20. Burke K., and Kraus J.U. Are thick, quartz rich, Cambro-Ordovician sandstone sequences in northern Africa and Arabia products of the collapse and erosion of huge, Pan-African, Tibetan-style plateaus? Gondwana 10: Stratigraphy of Gondwana. Journal of African Earth Sciences 27 (1998) 42-53
21. Burnett D.J., and Quirk D.G. Turbidite provenance in the Lower Paleozoic Manx Group, Isle of man; implications for the tectonic setting of Eastern Avalonia. Journal of Geological Society of London 158 (2001) 913-924
22. Cassinis G., Elter G., Rau A., and Tongiorgi M. A tectofacies of the Alpine-Mediterranean, southern Europe. Memoir of Geology of Italy 20 (1979) 135-149
23. Cater J.M., and Tunbridge I.P. Paleozoic tectonic history of SE Turkey. Journal of Petroleum Geology 15 (1992) 35-50
24. Clark-Lowes,. D., 1980. Sedimentology and mineralization potential of the Saq and Tabuk formations, Qassim District. Imperial College Open-File Report CRC/IC-7.
25. Crook K.A.W. Lithogenesis and tectonics: the significance of compositional variation in flysch arenites (greywackes). In: Dott R.H., and Shaver R.H. (Eds). Modern and Ancient Geosynclinal Sedimentation. Special Publication 19 (1974), Society of Economic Geologists and Paleontologists 304-310
26. Dabbagh M.E., and Rogers J.J. Depositional environments and tectonic significance of the Wajid Sandstone of southern Saudi Arabia. Journal of African Earth Sciences 1 (1983) 47-57
27. Dickinson W.R., and Suczek C. Plate tectonics and sandstone composition. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 63 (1979) 2164-2182
28. Dickinson W.R., Beard L.S., Brakenridge G.R., Erjavec J.L., Ferguson R.C., Inman K.F., Knepp R.A., Lindberg F.A., and Ryberg P.T. Provenance of North American Phanerozoic sandstones in relation to tectonic setting. Geological Society of American Bulletin 94 (1983) 222-235
29. Droste H.H.J. Stratigraphy of the Lower Paleozoic Haima Supergroup of Oman. GeoArabia 2 (1997) 419-472
30. El-Araby A., and Abdel-Motelib A. Depositional facies of the Cambrian Araba Formation in the Taba region, east Sinai, Egypt. Journal of African Earth Sciences 29 (1999) 429-447
31. El-Hawat A.S. The sedimentary basins of Egypt: an overview of dynamic stratigraphy. In: Hsu K.J. (Ed). Sedimentary Basins of the World, 3 (1997), Elsevier, Amsterdam 35-81
32. Emilia L., and Arribas J. Sand composition in an Iberian passive-margin fluvial course: the Tajo River. Sedimentary Geology 171 (2004) 261-281
33. Eriksson P.G., Schreiber U.M., Reczko B.F., and Snyman C.P. Petrography and geochemistry of sandstones interbedded with the Rooiberg Felsite Group (Transvaal sequence, south Africa): implication for provenance and tectonic setting. Journal of Sedimentary Research A64 (1994) 836-846
34. Folk R.L. Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks. second ed (1974), Hemphill Press, Austin, TX 182 pp
35. Geukens F. Geology of the Arabian Peninsula, Yemen. United States of America. Geological Survey Professional Paper 560B (1966) 23 pp
36. Hardley, D.G., Schmidt, D.L., 1975. Non-glacial Origin for Conglomerate Beds in the Wajid Sandstone of Saudi Arabia. Directorate General of Mineral Resources, United States of America, Geological Survey, Saudi Arabia Report, 174 pp.
37. Helal A.H. Stratigraphy of the outcropping Paleozoic rocks around the northern edge of the Arabian Shield. Zeitschrift Deutschen-geologischen Gesellschaft 117 (1968) 509-543
38. Husseini M.I. The Cambro-Ordovician Arabian and adjoining plates: a glacio-eustatic model. Journal of Petroleum Geology 13 (1990) 267-288
39. Ingersoll R.V., Bullard T., Ford R., Grimm J., Pickle J., and Sares S. The effect of grain size on detrital modes: a test of the Gazzi Dickinson point-counting method. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 54 (1984) 103-116
40. Issawi, B., Jux, U., 1982. Contribution to the stratigraphy of the Paleozoic rocks in Egypt. Geological Survey of Mineral Research Department, Cairo, Egypt, Paper 64.
41. Italconsult, 1969. Water and agricultural development surveys for area II and III, geological investigations, Rome, February (unpublished report for the Ministry of Agricultural and Water, Riyadh).
42. Jackson, R.O., Bogue, R.G., Brown, G.F., Gierhart, R.D., 1963. Geologic map of the southern Najd quadrangle, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabian Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources, Map I-211 A.
43. Keeley M.L. The Paleozoic history of the Western Desert of Egypt. Basin Research 2 (1989) 35-48
44. Keeley M.L. Phaneorozoic evolution of the basins of Northern Egypt and adjacent areas. Geologische Rundschau 43 (1994) 728-742
45. Kellogg, K.S., Fourniguet, J., Janjou, J., Minoux, L., 1986. Geologic map of the Wadi Tathlith quadrangle, Sheet-20G, Saudi Arabian Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources, Map GM-103 A, Scale 1:250,000.
46. Klitzsch E. Paleozoic. In: Said R. (Ed). The Geology of Egypt (1990), A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam 393-440
47. Klitzsch E.H., and Squyres C.H. Paleozoic and Mesozoic geological history of Northeastern Africa based upon new interpretation of Nubian strata. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 4 (1990) 1203-1211
48. Kroonenberg, S.B., 1994. Effects of provenance, sorting and weathering on the geochemistry of fluvial sands from different tectonic and climatic environments. Proceedings of the 29th International Geological Congress, Part A, pp. 69-81.
49. Matter A., and Ramseyer K. Cathodoluminescence microscopy as a tool for provenance studies of sandstones. In: Zuffa G.G. (Ed). Provenance of Arenite (1985), Reidel, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
50. McBride E.F. Diagenetic processes that affect provenance determinations in sandstone. In: Zuffa G.G. (Ed). Provenance of Arenite (1985), Reidel, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
51. McLennan S.M. Relationships between the trace element composition of sedimentary rocks and upper continental crust. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 2 (2001) C000109
52. McLennan S.M., Hemming S., McDaniel D.K., and Hanson G.N. Geochemical approaches to sedimentation, provenance and tectonics. In: Johnsson J.M., and Basu A. (Eds). Processes Controlling the Composition of Clastic Sediments. Special Paper 284 (1993), Geological Society of America
53. Millson J.A., Mercadier C.G., Livera S.E., and Peters J.M. The Lower Paleozoic of Oman and its context in the evolution of a Gondwanan continental margin. Journal of Geological Society of London 153 (1996) 213-230
54. Morton A.C. Heavy minerals in provenance studies. In: Zuffa G.G. (Ed). Provenance of Arenite (1985), Reidel, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
55. Morton A.C., Davies J.R., and Waters R.A. Heavy minerals as a guide to turbidite provenance in the Lower Paleozoic Southern Welsh Basin: a pilot study. Geological Magazine 129 (1992) 573-580
56. Moshrif M.A., and El-Hitt A. Lithofacies and petrography of Wajid Sandstone (Cambrian-Ordovician) Saudi Arabia. Journal of African Earth Sciences 9 (1989) 401-412
57. Nesbitt H.W., and Young Y.M. Early Paleozoic climates and plate motions inferred from major element chemistry of lutites. Nature 299 (1982) 715-717
58. Pallister, J.S., 1982. Reconnaissance geology of Jabal Al-Ilman quadrangle, sheet 18/44A. Saudi Arabian Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources, open file report USGS-OF-02-90, 61 pp.
59. Pettijohn F.J., Potter P.E., and Siever R. Sand and Sandstone. second ed (1987), Springer, New York 553 pp
60. Pittman E.D. Plagioclase as an indicator of provenance in sedimentary rocks. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 40 (1970) 591-598
61. Powers, R.W. Remirez, L.F., Redmond, C.D., Elberg, E.L., 1966. Geology of the Arabian Peninsula: sedimentary geology of Saudi Arabia. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 560D.
62. Rollinson H.R. Using Geochemical Data: Evaluation, Presentation, Interpretation (1993), Longman Scientific and Technical, New York 352 pp.
63. 2O ratio. Journal of Geology 94 (1986) 635-650
64. Schwab F.L. Framework mineralogy and chemical composition of continental margin-type sandstone. Geology 3 (1975) 487-490
65. Selley R.C. Ichnology of Paleozoic sandstones in the southern desert of Jordan: a study of trace fossils in their sedimentological context. In: Crimes T.P., and Harper J.C. (Eds). Trace Fossils (1972), Liverpool Geological Society 477-488
66. Seyedolali A., Krinsley D., Boggs S., Ohara P., Dypvi H., and Goles G. Provenance interpretation of quartz by scanning electron microscope-cathodoluminescence fabric analysis. Geology 25 (1997) 787-790
67. Stöcklin, J. Ruttner, A., Nabavi, M., 1964. New data on the Lower Paleozoic and Precambrian of North Iran. Geological Survey of Iran, Report 1, 29 pp.
68. Turner B.R. Paleozoic sedimentology in the southeastern part of the Al Kufrah Basin, Libya: a model for oil exploration. In: Salem M.J., and Busrewil M.T. (Eds). Geology of Libya vol. 1 (1980), Academic Press, London 351-374
69. Unurg R. Rodinia to Gondwana: The geodynamic map of Gondwana supercontinent assembly. GSA Today 7 (1997) 1-7
70. Valloni R., and Maynard B. Detrital modes of recent deep-sea sands and their relation to tectonic setting: a first approximation. Sedimentology 28 (1981) 75-83
71. Wanas, H.A., 1997. Comparative geological and sedimentological study of the Cambro-Ordovician rocks in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. PhD Thesis. Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt, 216 pp.
72. Wolfard R. Lower Paleozoic of the Middle East. In: Holland C.H. (Ed). Lower Paleozoic of the Middle East; Eastern and Southern Africa and Antarctica (1981), Wiley, New York 6-130
73. Young S.W. Petrographic textures of detrital polycrystalline quartz as an aid to interpreting crystalline source rocks. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 46 (1976) 595-603
74. Zimmermann U., and Bahlburg H. Provenance analysis and tectonic setting of the Ordovician clastic deposits in the southern Puna Basin, NW Argentina. Sedimentology 50 (2003) 1079-1104