Diagnosis and management of spinal cord sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis Vasculitis and Diffuse Lung Diseases

Volumn 23, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 58-65

  Bradley, Deborah A ^a   Lower, Elyse E ^a   Baughman, Robert P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Methotrexate; Neurosarcoidosis; Paralysis

Indexed keywords

AZATHIOPRINE; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; INFLIXIMAB; METHOTREXATE; NARCOTIC AGENT; PREDNISONE;

ADULT; BRONCHOSCOPY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOTOXICITY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DOSE RESPONSE; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE; LIVER BIOPSY; MALE; MEDIASTINOSCOPY; PAIN; PARESTHESIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; REVIEW; SARCOIDOSIS; SKIN BIOPSY; SPINAL CORD; SPINAL CORD BIOPSY; SPINAL CORD LESION; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; WEAKNESS;

ADULT; AZATHIOPRINE; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; METHOTREXATE; MIDDLE AGED; PREDNISONE; SARCOIDOSIS; SPINAL CORD DISEASES; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 33747503575     PISSN: 11240490     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (44)

1. Wood EH, Bream CA: Spinal sarcoidosis. Radiology 1959; 73: 226-33.
2. Hunninghake GW, Costabel U, Ando M, et al: ATS/ERS/WASOG statement on sarcoidosis. American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society/World Association of Sarcoidosis and other Granulomatous Disorders. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 1999; 16: 149-73.
3. Kidd D, Beynon HL: The neurological complications of systemic sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2003; 20: 85-94.
4. Koike H, Misu K, Yasui K, et al: Differential response to corticosteroid therapy of MRI findings and clinical manifestations in spinal cord sarcoidosis. J Neurol 2000; 247: 544-9.
5. Junger SS, Stern BJ, Levine SR, Sipos E, Marti-Masso JF: Intramedullary spinal sarcoidosis: clinical and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics. Neurology 1993; 43: 333-7.
6. Lower EE, Broderick JP, Brott TG, Baughman RP: Diagnosis and management of neurologic sarcoidosis. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 1864-8.
7. Kavanaugh AF, Andrew SL, Cooper B, Lawrence EC, Huston DP: Cyclosporine therapy of central nervous system sarcoidosis. Am J Med 1987; 82: 387.
8. Agbogu BN, Stern BJ, Sewell C, Yang G: Therapeutic considerations in patients with refractory neurosarcoidosis. Arch Neurol 1995; 52: 875-9.
9. Stern BJ, Schonfeld SA, Sewell C, Krumholz A, Scott P, Belendiuk G: The treatment of neurosarcoidosis with cyclosporine. Arch Neurol 1992; 49: 1065-72.
10. Kang S, Suh JH: Radiation therapy for neurosarcoidosis: report of three cases from a single institution. Radiat Oncol Investig 1999; 7: 309-12.
11. Baughman RP, Lower EE: Alternatives to corticosteroids in the treatment of sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis 1997; 14: 121-30.
12. Baughman RP, Lower EE: Use of intermittent, intravenous cyclophosphamide for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Chest 1992; 102: 1090-4.
13. Baruah JK, Glasauer FE, Sil R, Smith BH: Sarcoidosis of the cervical spinal canal: case report. Neurosurgery 1978; 3: 216-8.
14. Stern BJ, Krumholz A, Johns C, Scott P, Nissim J: Sarcoidosis and its neurological manifestations. Arch Neurol 1985; 42: 909-17.
15. Oksanen V: Neurosarcoidosis: clinical presentations and course in 50 patients. Acta Neurol Scand 1986; 73: 283-90.
16. Allen RK, Sellars RE, Sandstrom PA: A prospective study of 32 patients with neurosarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2003; 20: 118-25.
17. Zajicak JP, Scolding NJ, Foster O, et al: Central nervous system sarcoidosis - diagnosis and management. Q J Med 1999; 92: 103-17.
18. Husband DJ: Malignant spinal cord compression: prospective study of delays in referral and treatment. BMJ 1998; 317: 18-21.
19. Loblaw DA, Perry J, Chambers A, Laperriere NJ: Systematic review of the diagnosis and management of malignant extradural spinal cord compression: the Cancer Care Ontario Practice Guidelines Initiative's Neuro-Oncology Disease Site Group. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 2028-37.
20. Kumar N, Frohman EM: Spinal neurosarcoidosis mimicking an idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating syndrome. Arch Neurol 2004; 61: 586-9.
21. Miller D, Barkhof F, Montalban X, Thompson A, Filippi M: Clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis, part 1: natural history, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis. Lancet Neurol 2005; 4: 281-8.
22. Miller D, Barkhof F, Montalban X, Thompson A, Filippi M: Clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis, part 2: non-conventional MRl, recovery processes, and management. Lancet Neurol 2005; 4: 341-8.
23. Ayala L, Barber DB, Lomba MR, Able AC: Intramedullary sarcoidosis presenting as incomplete paraplegia: case report and literature review. J Spinal Cord Med 2000; 23: 96-9.
24. Graf M, Wakhloo A, Schmidtke K, Bloss H, Volk B: Sarcoidosis of the spinal cord and medulla oblongata. A pathological and neuroradiological case report. Clin Neuropathol 1994; 13: 19-25.
25. Hayat GR, Walton TP, Smith KR Jr, Martin DS, Manepalli AN: Solitary intramedullary neurosarcoidosis: role of MRI in early detection. J Neuroimaging 2001; 11: 66-70.
26. Martin AJ, Connor SE, Bodi I, Thomas NW: Cauda equina sarcoidosis. Brief report of a special case. Acta Neurochir 2001; 143: 739-40.
27. Kayama S, Kikuchi S: Intramedullary spinal cord sarcoidosis. Report of two cases. Spine 1993; 18: 2118-20.
28. Moldover A: Sarcoidosis of the spinal cord; report of a case with remission associated with cortisone therapy. Arch Intern Med 1958; 102: 414-7.
29. Bose B: Extramedullary sarcoid lesion mimicking intraspinal tumor. Spine J 2002; 2: 381-5.
30. Jallo GI, Zagzag D, Lee M, Deletis V, Morota N, Epstein FJ: Intraspinal sarcoidosis: diagnosis and management. Surg Neurol 1997; 48: 514-20.
31. Dumas JL, Valeyre D, Chapelon-Abric C, et al: Central nervous system sarcoidosis: follow-up at MR imaging during steroid therapy. Radiology 2000; 214: 411-20.
32. Fried ED, Landau AJ, Sher JH, Rao C: Spinal cord sarcoidosis: a case report and review of the literature. J Assoc Acad Minor Phys 1993; 4: 132-7.
33. Soucek D, Prior C, Luef G, Birbamer G, Bauer G: Successful treatment of spinal sarcoidosis by high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone. Clin Neuropharmacol 1993; 16: 464-7.
34. Yasui K, Ishigaki S, Koike H, et al: Correlation of magnetic resonance imaging findings and histopathology of lesion distribution of spinal cord sarcoidosis at post-mortem. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2000; 26: 481-7.
35. Baughman RP, Lower EE: Therapy for sarcoidosis. Eur Respir Mon 2005; 32: 301-15.
36. Doty JD, Mazur JE, Judson MA: Treatment of corticosteroid-resistant neurosarcoidosis with a short-course cyclophosphamide regimen. Chest 2003; 124: 2023-6.
37. Zuber M, Defer G, Cesaro P, Degos JD: Efficacy of cyclophosphamide in sarcoid radiculomyelitis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1992; 55: 166-7.
38. Baughman RP, Lower EE: Infliximab for refractory sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2001; 18: 70-4.
39. Sollberger M, Fluri F, Baumann T, et al: Successful treatment of steroid-refractory neurosarcoidosis with infliximab. J Neurol 2004; 251: 760-1.
40. Carter JD, Valeriano J, Vasey FB, Bognar B: Refractory neurosarcoidosis: a dramatic response to infliximab. Am J Med 2004; 117: 277-9.
41. Pettersen JA, Zochodne DW, Bell RB, Martin L, Hill MD: Refractory neurosarcoidosis responding to infliximab. Neurology 2002; 59: 1660-1.
42. Doty JD, Mazur JE, Judson MA: Treatment of sarcoidosis with infliximab. Chest 2005; 127: 1064-71.
43. Lexa FJ, Grossman RI: MR of sarcoidosis in the head and spine: spectrum of manifestations and radiographic response to steroid therapy. Am J Neuroradiol 1994; 15: 973-82.
44. Cohen-Gadol AA, Zikel OM, Miller GM, Aksamit AJ, Scheithauer BW, Krauss WE: Spinal cord biopsy: a review of 38 cases. Neurosurgery 2003; 52: 806-15.