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3 W. Kutsch O. Breidbach 1994 Homologous structures in the nervous systems of arthropoda Advances in Insect Physiology 24 1 113 10.1016/S0065-2806(08)60082-X Cf. Kutsch, W., Breidbach, O., 1994. Homologous structures in the nervous systems of arthropoda. Advances in Insect Physiology 24, 1–113.
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8 C. Patterson 1988 Homology in classical and molecular biology Mol. Biol. Evol. 5 603 625 3065587 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXlt12rtQ%3D%3D Patterson, C., 1988. Homology in classical and molecular biology. Mol. Biol. Evol. 5, 603–625; Raff, R.A., 1996. The Shape of Life. Genes, Development, and the Evolution of Animal Form. Chicago.
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9 O. Breidbach 1994 Entwicklungsmorphologie. Ein neuer Ansatz zur Fundierung einer organismischen Biologie? Jb. f. Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie 1 21 43 Cf. Breidbach, O., 1994. Entwicklungsmorphologie. Ein neuer Ansatz zur Fundierung einer organismischen Biologie? Jb. f. Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie, 1, 21–43; Lawrence, P., 1992. The Making of a Fly. The Genetics of Animal Design. Oxford.
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10 Thom, R., 1975. Structural Stability and Morphogenesis, Reading, MA.
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11 Thom, R., 1971. Modèles mathématiques de la morphogénèse. Pisa.
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12 Strube, G. (Ed.), 1996. Wörterbuch der Kognitionswissenschaft. Stuttgart, see also Stadler, M., 1999. Gestalt/Gestalttheorie. In: Sandkühler (Ed.), Enzyklopädie Philosophie, vol. 1, pp. 492–494.
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13 Chr Ehrenfels v. 1890 Über “Gestaltqualitäten,” Vierteljahresschrift für wissenschaftliche Philosophie 14 242 292 Chr. v. Ehrenfels, 1890. Über “Gestaltqualitäten,” Vierteljahresschrift für wissenschaftliche Philosophie 14, 242–292; English translation: On ‘Gestalt qualities’, pp. 82–117. In: Smith, B. (Ed.), 1988. Foundations of gestalt theory, Philosophia Verlag, München, Wien.
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14 M. Wertheimer 1912 Experimentelle Studien über das Sehen von Bewegung Zeitschr. f. Psychologie 61 161 265 Wertheimer, M., 1912. Experimentelle Studien über das Sehen von Bewegung, Zeitschr. f. Psychologie 61, 161–265.
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16 K. Grelling P. Oppenheim 1937 Der Gestaltbegriff im Lichte der neuen Logik Erkenntnis 7 211 25 Grelling, K., Oppenheim, P., 1937/38. Der Gestaltbegriff im Lichte der neuen Logik, Erkenntnis 7, 211–25; English translation: The concept of gestalt in the light of modern logic, pp. 191–205. In: Smith, B. (Ed.), 1988. Foundations of gestalt theory, Philosophia Verlag, München, Wien. We are grateful to Barry Smith for pointing out that work of Grelling and Oppenheim.
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Erkenntnis
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Grelling, K.1
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17 K. Grelling P. Oppenheim 1937 Der Gestaltbegriff im Lichte der neuen Logik Erkenntnis 7 196 196 Ibd., p. 196.
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18 F. Klein 1893 Vergleichende Betrachtungen über neuere geometrische Forschungen Math. Ann 43 63 100 10.1007/BF01446615 Klein, F., 1893. Vergleichende Betrachtungen über neuere geometrische Forschungen. Math. Ann, 43, 63–100 (a reprint, with some corrections, of his “Erlanger Programm” of 1872); Lie, S., Engel, F., 1888–93. Theorie der Transformationsgruppen, vol. 3. Leipzig.
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20 M. Wertheimer 1912 Experimentelle Studien über das Sehen von Bewegung Zeitschr. f. Psychologie 61 161 265 M. Wertheimer, loc. cit..
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21 See Lie and Engel, loc.cit. For a modern introduction, see Zeidler, E., pp. 643 ff. in Teubner-Taschenbuch der Mathematik, Teil II, Stuttgart, Leipzig, 1995.
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21
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22 In mathematics, this concept of a transformation group as the invariance group of a geometric structure, and conversely, the characterization of a geometric structure by a transformation group has been developed by Felix Klein in his “Erlanger Programm” (1872), cf. Klein, F., 1921–23. Gesammelte mathematicsche Abhandlungen. vols. I–III. Berlin.
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24 L. Chen 2005 The topological approach to perceptual organization Visual Cognition 12 553 637 10.1080/13506280444000256 Cf. Chen, L., 2005. The topological approach to perceptual organization. Visual Cognition 12, 553–637. We thank Tobias Elze for this reference.
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25 St. Weinberg 1995 The quantum theory of fields, Vol. I, II Cambridge University Press Cambridge We observe in passing that this also constitutes a fundamental principle of modern theoretical elementary particle physics underlying the scheme for unifying the known types of fields, a paradigm being the so-called standard model of elementary particle physics, cf e.g. St. Weinberg, 1995, 1996. The quantum theory of fields, Vol. I, II. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
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26 This is relevant in the context of O. Breidbach, 2000. Das Anschauliche oder über die Anschauung der Welt. Wien.
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25
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27 J.D. Smith J.P. Minda 2002 Distinguishing prototype-based and examplar-based processes in dotpattern category learning J. Experim. Psych.: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 28 800 11 10.1037/0278-7393.28.4.800 Smith, J.D., Minda, J.P., 2002. Distinguishing prototype-based and examplar-based processes in dotpattern category learning. J. Experim. Psych.: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 28, 800–11. We thank Barry Smith for this reference.
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28 Thom, R. loc. cit. Thom, R., 1971. Modèles mathématiques de la morphogénèse. Pisa.
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27
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Le leggi del caos
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29 I. Prigogine 1993 Le leggi del caos Laterza Rome See for example I. Prigogine, 1993. Le leggi del caos, Laterza, Rome.
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31 See e.g. Jost, J. Neural Networks, Concepts, Mathematical Tools, and Questions, to appear.
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32 Chomsky, N., 1965. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Cambridge, MA; Chomsky, N., 1995. The Minimalist Program. Cambridge, MA.
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30
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33 Cf. Jost, J. Complexity and cognition, in preparation. There, it will be argued that the question about the origin and generation of a system of internal rules cannot be reduced to adaptation to some preexisting environment, and the general structural principles of such a process will be developed. See also Breidbach, O., 2001, Deutungen. Weilerswist: Velbrück, which is concerned with the problem of the validity of relational systems and which treats the circle of problems around a neurosemantic definition of validity, building upon Putnam's criticism of representationism.
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35 For example, Ellis, A., Young, A., 1988. Human cognitive neuropsychology, L. Erlbaum.
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Internal representations—A prelude for neurosemantics
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36 O. Breidbach 1999 Internal representations—A prelude for neurosemantics The Journal of Mind and Behavior 20 4 403 420 For the problem of the translation between different language and culture systems see Breidbach, O., 1999. Internal representations—A prelude for neurosemantics The Journal of Mind and Behavior 20(4), 403–420, and Breidbach, O., Deutungen, loc. cit.
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Breidbach, O.1
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