Amlodipine better than lisinopril? How one randomized clinical trial ended fallacies from observational studies

Hypertension

Volumn 48, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 359-361

  Messerli, Franz H ^a   Staessen, Jan A ^b  

^a ST LUKE S ROOSEVELT HOSPITAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN 2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ATENOLOL; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CHLORTALIDONE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; LISINOPRIL; LOSARTAN; NIFEDIPINE; PLACEBO; VALSARTAN;

ANGIONEUROTIC EDEMA; ANKLE EDEMA; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL RESEARCH; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; COUGHING; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HEART FAILURE; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MORTALITY; NOTE; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; STROKE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE;

AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; CORONARY DISEASE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; LISINOPRIL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS;

EID: 33747402311     PISSN: 0194911X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000238045.76905.94     Document Type: Note

References (19)

1. The ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic. The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). JAMA. 2002;288:2981-2997.
2. Messerli FH. ALLHAT, or the soft science of the secondary end point. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139:777-780.
3. Davis BR, Cutler JA, Gordon DJ, Furberg CD, Wright JT Jr, Cushman WC, Grimm RH, LaRosa J, Whelton PK, Perry HM, Alderman MH, Ford CE, Oparil S, Francis C, Proschan M, Pressel S, Black H, Hawkins CM, for the ALLHAT Research Group. Rationale and design for the Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). Am J Hypertens. 1996;9:342-360.
4. Leenen FHH, Nwachuku CE, Black HR, Cushman WC, Davis BR, Simpson LM, Alderman MH, Atlas SA, Basile JN, Cuyjet AB, Dart R, Felicetta JV, Grimm RH, Haywood LJ, Jafri SZA, Proschan MA, Thadani U, Whelton PK, Wright JT, for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Clinical events in high-risk hypertensive patients randomily assigned to calcium channel blocker versus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial. Hypertension. 2006;48:374-384.
5. Kim S, Iwao H. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of angiotensin II-mediated cardiovascular and renal diseases. Pharmacol Rev. 2000;52:11-34.
6. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:145-153.
7. Dahlöf B, Devereux RB, Kjeldsen SE, Julius S, Beevers G, de Faire U, Fyhrquist F, Ibsen H, Kristiansson K, Lederballe-Pedersen O, Lindholm LH, Nieminen MS, Omvik P, Oparil S, Wedel H, for The LIFE Study Group. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet. 2002;359:995-1003.
8. Zhang H, Thijs L, Staessen JA. Blood pressure lowering for the primary and secondary prevention of stroke. Hypertension. 2006;48:187-195.
9. Staessen JA, Wang JG, Thijs L. Cardiovascular prevention and blood pressure reduction: a meta-analysis Lancet. 2001;358:1305-1315. (Correction 2002;359:360.)
10. Staessen JA, Li Y, Thijs L, Wang JG. Blood pressure reduction and cardiovascular prevention: an update including the 2003-2004 secondary prevention trials. Hypertens Res. 2005;28:385-407.
11. Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. Effects of different blood-pressure-lowering regimens on major cardiovascular events: results of prospectively-designed overviews of randomised trials. Lancet. 2003;362:1527-1535.
12. Prospective Studies Collaboration. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet. 2002;360:1903-1913.
13. Verdecchia P, Reboldi G, Angeli A, Gattobigio R, Bentivoglio M, Thijs L, Staessen JA, Porcellati C. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium channel blockers for coronary heart disease and stroke prevention. Hypertension. 2005;46:386-392.
14. Dahlöf B, Sever PS, Poulter NR, Wedel H, Beevers DG, Caulfield M, Collins R, Kjeldsen SE, Kristinsson A, McInnes GT, Mehlsen J, Nieminen M, O'Brien E, Östergren J, for the ASCOT Investigators. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an amlodipine±perindopril strategy compared with an atenolol±thiazide strategy. The Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial - Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005;366:895-906.
15. Poole-Wilson PA, Lubsen J, Kirwan BA, van Dalen FJ, Wagener G, Danchin N, Just H, Fox KAA, Pocock SJ, Clayton TC, Motro M, Parker JD, Bourassa MG, Dart AM, Hildebrandt P, Hjalmarson Å, Kragten JA, Molhoek GP, Otterstad JE, Seabra-Gomes R, Soler-Soler J, Weber S, on behalf of the Action (A Coronary disease Trial Investigating Outcome with Nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system) investigators. Effect of long-acting nifedipine on mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in patients with stable angina requiring treatment (ACTION trial): randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;364:849-857.
16. Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Weber M, Brunner HR, Ekman S, Hansson L, Hua T, Laragh J, McInnes GT, Mitchell L, Platt F, Schork A, Smith B, Zanchetti A, for the VALUE Trial Group. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with valsartan- or amlodipine-based regimens: VALUE, a randomised trial. Lancet. 2004;363:2022-2031.
17. Agostini A, Cicardi M, Cugno M, Zingale LC, Gioffrè D, Nussberger J. Angioedema due to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Immunopharmacology. 1999;44:21-25.
18. Messerli FH, Nussberger J. Vasopeptidase inhibition and angio-oedema. Lancet. 2000;356:608-609.
19. Dean DE, Schultz DL, Powers RH. Asphyxia due to angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor mediated angioedema of the tongue during the treatment of hypertensive heart disease. J Forensic Sci. 2001;46:1239-1243.