Ventricular fibrillation induced by stretch pulse: Implications for sudden death due to commotio cordis

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology

Volumn 17, Issue 9, 2006, Pages 1011-1017

  Bode, Frank ^a   Franz, Michael R ^b   Wilke, Iris ^a   Bonnemeier, Hendrik ^a   Schunkert, Heribert ^a   Wiegand, Uwe K H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LÜBECK   (Germany)

^b GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Action potential; Commotio cordis; Fibrillation; Pressure; Reentry; Sudden death

Indexed keywords

ACTION POTENTIAL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; COMMOTIO CORDIS; FEMALE; HEART CYCLE; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE; HEART MUSCLE POTENTIAL; HEART REPOLARIZATION; HEART VENTRICLE FIBRILLATION; ISOLATED HEART; MALE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SUDDEN DEATH; TACHYCARDIA;

ACTION POTENTIALS; ANIMALS; BALLOON DILATATION; DEATH, SUDDEN, CARDIAC; FEMALE; HEART INJURIES; HEART VENTRICLES; MALE; PRESSORECEPTORS; RABBITS; VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION; WOUNDS, NONPENETRATING;

EID: 33747270011     PISSN: 10453873     EISSN: 15408167     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00547.x     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Maron BJ, Poliac LC, Kaplan JA, Mueller FO: Blunt impact to the chest leading to sudden death from cardiac arrest during sports activities. N Engl J Med 1995;333:337-342.
2. Abrunzo TJ: Commotio cordis. The single, most common cause of traumatic death in youth baseball. Am J Dis Child 1991;145:1279-1282.
3. Maron BJ, Strasburger JF, Kugler JD, Bell BM, Brodkey FD, Poliac LC: Survival following blunt chest impact-induced cardiac arrest during sports activities in young athletes. Am J Cardiol 1997;79:840-841.
4. Link MS, Ginsburg SH, Wang PJ, Kirchhoffer JB, Berul CI, Estes NA III, Paris YM: Commotio cordis: Cardiovascular manifestations of a rare survivor. Chest 1998;114:326-328.
5. Cooper GJ, Pearce BP, Stainer MC, Maynard RL: The biomechanical response of the thorax to nonpenetrating impact with particular reference to cardiac injuries. J Trauma 1982;22:994-1008.
6. Link MS, Maron BJ, VanderBrink BA, Takeuchi M, Pandian NG, Wang PJ, Estes NA III: Impact directly over the cardiac silhouette is necessary to produce ventricular fibrillation in an experimental model of commotio cordis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;37:649-654.
7. Kohl P, Sachs F, Franz MR: Cardiac mechano-electric feedback and arrhythmias: From pipette to patient. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2005.
8. Link MS, Wang PJ, Pandian NG, Bharati S, Udelson JE, Lee MY, Vecchiotti MA, VanderBrink BA, Mirra G, Maron BJ, Estes NA III: An experimental model of sudden death due to low-energy chest-wall impact (commotio cordis). N Engl J Med 1998;338:1805-1811.
9. Franz MR, Bargheer K, Rafflenbeul W, Haverich A, Lichtlen PR: Monophasic action potential mapping in human subjects with normal electrocardiograms: Direct evidence for the genesis of the T wave. Circulation 1987;75:379-386.
10. Yue AM, Paisey JR, Robinson S, Betts TR, Roberts PR, Morgan JM: Determination of human ventricular repolarization by noncontact mapping: Validation with monophasic action potential recordings. Circulation 2004;110:1343-1350.
11. Shibata N, Chen PS, Dixon EG, Wolf PD, Danieley ND, Smith WM, Ideker RE: Influence of shock strength and timing on induction of ventricular arrhythmias in dogs. Am J Physiol 1988;255:H891-H901.
12. Lesigne C, Levy B, Saumont R, Birkui P, Bardou A, Rubin B: An energy-time analysis of ventricular fibrillation and defibrillation thresholds with internal electrodes. Med Biol Eng 1976;14:617-622.
13. Moubarak JB, Karasik PE, Fletcher RD, Franz MR: High dispersion of ventricular repolarization after an implantable defibrillator shock predicts induction of ventricular fibrillation as well as unsuccessful defibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;35:422-427.
14. Fabritz CL, Kirchhof PF, Behrens S, Zabel M, Franz MR: Myocardial vulnerability to T wave shocks: Relation to shock strength, shock coupling interval, and dispersion of ventricular repolarization. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1996;7:231-242.
15. Swerdlow CD, Martin DJ, Kass RM, Davie S, Mandel WJ, Gang ES, Chen PS: The zone of vulnerability to T wave shocks in humans. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1997;8:145-154.
16. Link MS, Maron BJ, Wang PJ, VanderBrink BA, Zhu W, Estes NA III: Upper and lower limits of vulnerability to sudden arrhythmic death with chest-wall impact (commotio cordis). J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;41:99-104.
17. Franz MR, Cima R, Wang D, Profitt D, Kurz R: Electrophysiological effects of myocardial stretch and mechanical determinants of stretch-activated arrhythmias. Circulation 1992;86:968-978.
18. Franz MR, Burkhoff D, Spurgeon H, Weisfeldt ML, Lakatta EG: In vitro validation of a newcardiac catheter technique for recording monophasic action potentials. Eur Heart J 1986;7:34-41.
19. Zabel M, Portnoy S, Franz MR: Electrocardiographic indexes of dispersion of ventricular repolarization: An isolated heart validation study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995;25:746-752.
20. Behrens S, Li C, Fabritz CL, Kirchhof PF, Franz MR: Shock-induced dispersion of ventricular repolarization: Implications for the induction of ventricular fibrillation and the upper limit of vulnerability. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1997;8:998-1008.
21. Louhimo I: Heart injury after blunt thoracic trauma: An experimental study on rabbits. Acta Chir Scand Suppl 1968;380:1-60.
22. Pringle SD, Davidson KG: Myocardial infarction caused by coronary artery damage from blunt chest injury. Br Heart J 1987;57:375-376.
23. Schlomka G: Commotio cordis und ihre Folgen. Die Einwirkung stumpfer Brusttraumen auf das Herz. Ergeb Inn Med Kinderheilkd 1934;47:1-91.
24. Zabel M, Franz MR: Mechanical triggers and facilitators of cardiac excitation and arrhythmias. In: Kohl P, Sachs F, Franz MR, eds. Cardiac Mechano-electric Feedback and Arrhythmias. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2005:119-126.
25. Franz MR, Burkhoff D, Yue DT, Sagawa K: Mechanically induced action potential changes and arrhythmia in isolated and in situ canine hearts. Cardiovasc Res 1989;23:213-223.
26. Zabel M, Koller BS, Sachs F, Franz MR: Stretch-induced voltage changes in the isolated beating heart: Importance of the timing of stretch and implications for stretch-activated ion channels. Cardiovasc Res 1996;32:120-130.
27. Hu H, Sachs F: Mechanically activated currents in chick heart cells. J Membr Biol 1996;154:205-216.
28. Kohl P, Nesbitt AD, Cooper PJ, Lei M: Sudden cardiac death by Commotio cordis: Role of mechano-electric feedback. Cardiovasc Res 2001;50:280-289.
29. Van Wagoner DR: Mechanosensitive gating of atrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels. Circ Res 1993;72:973-983.
30. Hansen DE, Borganelli M, Stacy GP Jr., Taylor LK: Dose-dependent inhibition of stretch-induced arrhythmias by gadolinium in isolated canine ventricles. Evidence for a unique mode of antiarrhythmic action. Circ Res 1991;69:820-831.
31. Link MS, Wang PJ, VanderBrink BA, Avelar E, Pandian NG, Maron BJ, Estes NA III: Selective activation of the K(+)(ATP) channel is a mechanism by which sudden death is produced by low-energy chest-wall impact (commotio cordis). Circulation 1999;100:413-418.
32. Garan AR, Maron BJ, Wang PJ, Estes NA III, Link MS: Role of streptomycin-sensitive stretch-activated channel in chest wall impact induced sudden death (commotio cordis). J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2005;16:433-438.
33. Franz MR, Chin MC, Sharkey HR, Griffin JC, Scheinman MM: A new single catheter technique for simultaneous measurement of action potential duration and refractory period in vivo. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990;16:878-886.
34. Kirchhof PF, Fabritz CL, Behrens S, Franz MR: Induction of ventricular fibrillation by T-wave field-shocks in the isolated perfused rabbit heart: Role of nonuniform shock responses. Basic Res Cardiol 1997;92:35-44.
35. Kirchhof PF, Fabritz CL, Zabel M, Franz MR: The vulnerable period for lowand high energy T-wave shocks: Role of dispersion of repolarisation and effect of d-sotalol. Cardiovasc Res 1996;31:953-962.
36. Behrens S, Li C, Franz MR: Timing of the upper limit of vulnerability is different for monophasic and biphasic shocks: Implications for the determination of the defibrillation threshold. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1997;20:2179-2187.
37. Behrens S, Li C, Knollmann BC, Franz MR: Dispersion of ventricular repolarization in the voltage domain. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1998;21:100-107.
38. Kuo CS, Munakata K, Reddy CP, Surawicz B: Characteristics and possible mechanism of ventricular arrhythmia dependent on the dispersion of action potential durations. Circulation 1983;67:1356-1367.
39. Cooper GJ, Maynard RL, Pearce BP, Stainer MC, Taylor DE: Cardiovascular distortion in experimental nonpenetrating chest impacts. J Trauma 1984;24:188-200.