Case files from Stanford University Medical Center: Drug resistance testing in previously untreated patients with HIV - Knowing what to look for and choosing appropriate therapy

MedGenMed Medscape General Medicine

Volumn 8, Issue 3, 2006, Pages

  Shafer, Robert W ^a   Nguyen, Dong Phuong ^b   Fessel, W Jeffrey ^b  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b KAISER PERMANENTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LAMIVUDINE; LOPINAVIR; RITONAVIR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE; STAVUDINE; VIRUS DNA; VIRUS RNA; ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CASE REPORT; CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE; DOSE RESPONSE; GENOTYPE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LOW DRUG DOSE; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; MALE; PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECI; PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; SCREENING TEST; SEROLOGY; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT RESPONSE; UNITED STATES; UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL; VIRUS MUTATION; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; DRUG COMBINATION; MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION; PHYSIOLOGY; VIROLOGY;

ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTERS; ADULT; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; CALIFORNIA; DRUG RESISTANCE, VIRAL; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; GENOTYPE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; MALE; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS;

EID: 33747227871     PISSN: 15310132     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Liu M, Holodniy M, Zolopa AR, Shafer RW. The initial presentation of HIV-1 Infection: Where public and personal health meet. MedGenMed HIV/ AIDS. 2006;8(l):24. Available at: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/ 518465 Accessed July 25, 2006.
2. US Department of Health and Human Services Panel on Clinical Practices for Treatment of HIV Infection A. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents. May 4, 2006. Available at: http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/ContentFiles/ AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf Accessed July 25, 2006.
3. Pillay D. Current patterns in the epidemiology of primary HIV drug resistance in North America and Europe. Antivir Ther. 2004;9:695-702. Abstract
4. Borroto-Esoda K, Harris J, Waters J, et al. Baseline genotype as a predictor of virological failure in patients receiving emtricitabine once daily or stavudine twice daily in combination with didanosine and efavirenz. Program and abstracts of the 11th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections; February 8-11, 2004; San Francisco, California. Abstract 672.
5. Brenner BG, Routy JP, Petrella M, et al. Persistence and fitness of multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 acquired in primary infection. J Virol. 2002;76:1753-1761. Abstract
6. Sax PE, Islam R, Walensky RP, et al. Should resistance testing be performed for treatment-naive HIV-infected patients? A cost-effectiveness analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41:1316-1323. Abstract
7. Violin M, Cozzi-Lepri A, Velleca R, et al. Risk of failure in patients with 215 HIV-1 revertants starting their first thymidine analog-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS. 2004;18:227-235. Abstract
8. Garcia-Lerma JG, Nidtha S, Blumoff K, Weinstock H, Heneine W. Increased ability for selection of zidovudine resistance in a distinct class of wild-type HIV-1 from drug-naive persons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001;98:13907-13912 Abstract
9. Norton M, Delaugerre C, Batot G, Delfraissey J, Rouzioux C. Drug resistance outcomes in a trial comparing lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) monotherapy to LPV/r + zidovudine/lamivudine (MONARK Trial). Antiviral Ther. 2006;11:S84 [abstract 74].
10. Robbins GK, De Gruttola V, Shafer RW, et al. Comparison of sequential three-drug regimens as initial therapy for HIV-1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:2293-2303. Abstract
11. Le Moing V, Thiebaut R, Chene G, et al. Predictors of long-term increase in CD4(+) cell counts in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients receiving a protease inhibitor-containing antiretroviral regimen. J Infect Dis. 2002;185:471-480. Abstract
12. Dronda F, Moreno S, Moreno A, Casado JL, Perez-Elias MJ, Antela A. Long-term outcomes among antiretroviral-naive human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with small increases in CD4+ cell counts after successful virologic suppression. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35:1005-1009. Abstract
13. Kaufmann GR, Perrin L, Pantaleo G, et al. CD4 T-lymphocyte recovery in individuals with advanced HIV-1 infection receiving potent antiretroviral therapy for 4 years: the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163:2187-2195. Abstract
14. Hunt P, Martin J, Sinclair E, et al. Drug-resistant phenotype is associated with decreased in vivo T-cell activation independent of changes in viral replication among patients discontinuing antiretroviral therapy. Antivir Ther. 2003;8:S82.
15. Hunt PW, Martin JN, Sinclair E, et al. T cell activation is associated with lower CD4+ T cell gains in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with sustained viral suppression during antiretroviral therapy. J Infect Dis. 2003;187:1534-1543. Abstract
16. Smith CJ, Sabin CA, Youle MS, et al. Factors influencing increases in CD4 cell counts of HIV-positive persons receiving long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Infect Dis. 2004;190:1860-1868. Abstract
17. Kaufmann GR, Furrer H, Ledergerber B, et al. Characteristics, determinants, and clinical relevance of CD4 T cell recovery to <500 cells/microL in HIV type 1-infected individuals receiving potent antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41:361-372. Abstract
18. Goicoechea M, Smith DM, Liu L, et al. Determinants of CD4+ T Cell Recovery during suppressive antiretroviral therapy: association of immune activation, T cell maturation markers, and cellular HIV-1 DNA. J Infect Dis. 2006; 194:29-37. Abstract
19. Gandhi RT, Spritzler J, Chan E, et al. Effect of baseline- and treatment-related factors on immunologic recovery after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-positive subjects: Results From ACTG 384. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;42:426-434. Abstract
20. Yerly S, Rakik A, De Loes SK, et al. Switch to unusual amino acids at codon 215 of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase gene in seroconvertors infected with zidovudine-resistant variants. J Virol. 1998;72:3520-3523. Abstract
21. de Ronde A, van Dooren M, van Der Hoek L, et al. Establishment of new transmissible and drug-sensitive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 wild types due to transmission of nucleoside analogue-resistant virus. J Virol. 2001;75:595-602. Abstract
22. Oette M, Kaiser R, Daumer M, et al. Primary HIV drug resistance and efficacy of first-line antiretroviral therapy guided by resistance testing. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;41:573-581. Abstract
23. Perno CF, Cozzi-Lepri A, Balotta C, et al. Impact of mutations conferring reduced susceptibility to lamivudine on the response to antiretroviral therapy. Antivir Ther. 2001;6:195-198. Abstract
24. Perno CF, Cozzi-Lepri A, Balotta C, et al. Secondary mutations in the protease region of human immunodeficiency virus and virologic failure in drug-naive patients treated with protease inhibitor-based therapy. J Infect Dis. 2001;184:983-991. Abstract