"Coal age Galapagos": Joggins and the lions of nineteenth century geology

Atlantic Geology

Volumn 42, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 37-51

  Calder, John C ^a  

^a NOVA SCOTIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GEOLOGY; NINETEENTH CENTURY;

CANADA; JOGGINS; NORTH AMERICA; NOVA SCOTIA;

DINOSAURIA;

EID: 33747040045     PISSN: 08435561     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Agassiz, L. 1862. New sauroid remains (from Nova Scotia). American Journal of Science, 33, p. 138.
2. Barlow, S., McOuat, W., & Ells, R.W. 1886. Province of Nova Scotia and part of New Brunswick. Geological and Natural History Survey of Canada Map.
3. Brown, R., & Smith, R. 1829. Geology and mineralogy. In A historical and statistical account of Nova Scotia, 2, section III. Edited by T.C.Haliburton, Joseph Howe, Halifax, pp. 414-453.
4. Brown, T.J. 1922. Place-names of the Province ofNova Scotia. Royal Print & Litho, Halifax, 158 p.
5. Bryson, B. 2003. A short history of nearly everything. Double-day, Toronto, 544 p.
6. Burkhardt, F., & Smith, S. 1987 The correspondence of Charles Darwin, vol. 3, 1844-1846. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 523 p.
7. Burkhardt, F., & Smith, S. 1988. The correspondence of Charles Darwin, vol. 4, 1847-1850. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 711p.
8. Burkhardt, F., Porter, D.M., Browne,J., & Richmond, M. 1993. The correspondence of Charles Darwin, vol. 8, 1860. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 766p.
9. Calder,J.H. 1998. The Carboniferous evolution of Nova Scotia. In Lyell: the past is the key to the present. Edited by D. Blundell and A.C. Scott, A.C. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 143, pp. 296-331.
10. Calder, J.H., Rygel, M.C., Ryan, R.J., Falcon-Lang, H.J., & Hebert, B.L. 2005a. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of early Pennsylvanian red beds at Lower Cove, Nova Scotia, Canada: the Little River Formation with redefinition of the Joggins Formation. Atlantic Geology, 41, pp. 143-167.
11. Calder, J.H., Scott, A.C., & Milner, A.R. 2005b. The tree hollow fauna of joggins: Ockham's Razor fells the pitfall theory. In North American Paleontology Convention, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Programme and Abstracts. Paleobios, Museum of Paleontology, University of California," Berkeley, 25, p. 28.
12. Calder, J.H., Gibling, M.R., Scott, A.C., Davies, S.J., & Hebert, B.L. 2006. A fossil lycopsid forest succession in the classic Joggins section of Nova Scotia: paleoecology of a disturbance-prone Pennsylvanian wetland. Geological Society of America Special Paper 399, pp. 165-195.
13. Carroll, R.L. 1964. The earliest reptiles. Journal of the Linnaean Society (Zoology), 45, pp. 61-83.
14. Carroll, R.L. 1970. The earliest known reptiles. Yale Scientific Magazine, October, pp. 16-23.
15. Carroll, R.L. 1982. Sir William Dawson and the vertebrate fossils of the Joggins fauna. Third North American Paleontological Convention, Proceedings v. 2, August, 1982, pp. 71-75.
16. Carroll, R.L., Belt, E.S., Dineley, D.L., Baird, D., & McGregor, D.C. 1972. Vertebrate palaeontology of eastern Canada. Guidebook, Excursion A59, XXIV International Geological Congress, Montreal, pp. 64-80.
17. Clack, J. A. 2002. Gaining Ground: the origin and evolution of tetrapods. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana, 369 p.
18. Darwin, C. 1859. The origin of species by means of natural selection. John Murray, London, 513 p.
19. Davies, S.J., Gibling, M.R., Rygel, M.C., Calder, J.H., & Skilliter, D.M. 2005. The Joggins Formation of Nova Scotia: sedimentological log and stratigraphic framework of the historic fossil cliffs. Atlantic Geology, 41, pp. 115-142.
20. Dawson, J. 1988. The mapmaker's eye. Nimbus and Nova Scotia Museum, Halifax, 156 p.
21. Dawson,J.W. 18S5. Acadian Geology: an account of the geological structure and mineral resources of Nova Scotia, and portions of the neighbouring provinces of British America. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, 388 p.
22. Dawson, J.W. 1860. On a Terrestrial mollusk, a millepede, and new reptiles, from the Coal Formation of Nova Scotia. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 16, pp. 268-277.
23. Dawson, J.W. 1863. Air-breathers of the Coal Period: a descriptive account of the remains ofland animals found in the coal formation of Nova Scotia with remarks on their bearing on theories of the formation of coal and of the origin of the species. Dawson Brothers, Montreal, 81 p.
24. Dawson,J.W. 1865. On the conditions of the deposition of coal, more especially as illustrated by the coal formation of Nova Scotia and New Brunwsick. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 22, pp. 95-166.
25. Dawson,J.W. 1868. Acadian Geology. The geological structure, organic remains, and mineral resources of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island. Second edition. MacMillan & Co., London, 694 p.
26. Dawson, J.W. 1875. The dawn of life; being the history of the oldest known fossil remains, and their relations to geological time and to the development of the animal kingdom. Dawson Bros., Montreal, 239 p.
27. Dawson,J.W. 1878. Acadian Geology. The geological structure, organic remains, and mineral resources of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward island. Third edition. MacMillan & Co., London, 796 p.
28. Dawson, J.W. 1882. On the results of recent explorations of erect trees containing animal remains in the coal formation of Nova Scotia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Part II, 173, pp. 621-659.
29. Dawson, J.W. 1891a. On the mode of occurrence of remains of land animals in erect trees at South Joggins, Nova Scotia. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 9, pp. 127-128.
30. Dawson,J.W. 1891b. The geology of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward island or Acadian Geology. Fourth Edition. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, 833 p.
31. Dawson, J.W. 1893. Some salient points in the science of the Earth. Hodder & Stoughton, London, 499 p.
32. Dawson, J.W. 1901. Fifty years of work in Canada, scientific and educational. Ballantyne, Hanson & Co., London & Edinburgh, 308 p.
33. Dott, R.H. Jr. 1996. Lyell in America - his influences, field work, and mutual influences, 1841-1853. Earth Sciences History, 15, pp. 101-140.
34. Dott, R.H. Jr. 1998. Charles Lyell's debt to North America: his lectures and travels from 1841 to 1853. In Lyell: the past is the key to the present. Edited by D.J. Blundell and A.C. Scott. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 143, pp. 53-69.
35. Falcon-Lang, H.J., & Calder, J.H. 2004. UNESCO world Heritage and the Joggins cliffs of Nova Scotia. Geology Today, 20, pp. 139-143.
36. Falcon-Lang, H.J., & Calder, J.H. 200S. Sir William Dawson: a very modern palaeobotanist. Atlantic Geology, 41, pp. 103-114.
37. Gesner, A. 1836. Remarks on the geology and mineralogy of Nova Scotia. Gossip and Coade, Halifax, 272 p.
38. Gesner, A. 1843. A geological map of Nova Scotia, with an accompanying memoir. Proceedings of the Geological Society of London, 4, pp. 186-190.
39. Goudge, M.G. 1945. Joggins-River Hebert coal district (a review). Nova Scotia Department of Mines, Annual Report for 1944, pp. 152-182.
40. Gould, S.J., & Eldredge, N. 1977. Punctuated equilibria: the tempo and mode of evolution reconsidered. Paleobiology, 3, pp. 115-151.
41. Hamilton, W.B. 1978. The Macmillan book of Canadian place names. Macmillan, Toronto, 340 p.
42. Harrington, B.J. 1883. Life of Sir William E. Logan: chiefly compiled from his letters, journals and reports, 432 p.
43. Horner, L. 1846. Anniversary address of the president. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 2, pp. 145-221.
44. Huxley, T.H. 1897 Discourses: biological and geological essays. D. Appleton & Co., New York, 388 p.
45. Jackson, C.T., & Alger, F. 1828. A description of the mineralogy and geology of a part of Nova Scotia. American Journal of Science and Arts, 14, pp. 305-330.
46. Logan, W.E. 1841. On the character of the beds of clay lying immediately below the coal seams of South Wales. Proceedings of the Geological Society of London, 3, pp. 487-492.
47. Logan, W.E. 1845. A section of the Nova Scotia coal measures as developed at Joggins on the Bay of Fundy, in descending order, from the neighbourhood of the west Ragged Reef to Minudie, reduced to vertical thickness. Geological Survey of Canada Report of Progress for 1843, Appendix W, pp. 92-153.
48. Lyell, C. 1830-33. Principles of geology, being an attempt to explain the former changes of the Earth's surface, by reference to causes now in operation. 3 vols. Murray, London.
49. Lyell, C. 1843. On upright fossil trees in the coal strata of Cumberland, Nova Scotia. Silliman's Journal, 45, p. 353.
50. Lyell, C. 1845. Travels in North America; with geological observations on the United States, Canada, and Nova Scotia, v. 2. John Murray, London, 272 p.
51. Lyell, C. 1871. The student's elements of geology. John Murray, London, 624 p.
52. Lyell, C., & Dawson, J.W. 1853. On the remains of a reptile (Dendrerpeton acadianum Wyman and Owen), and of a land shell discovered in the interior of an erect fossil tree in the coal measures of Nova Scotia. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 9, pp. 58-63.
53. Lyell, K.M. 1881. Life, letters and journals of Sir Charles Lyell, Bart. Volume 2. John Murray, London, 489 p.
54. Marsh, O.C. 1862. Description of the remains of a new enaliosaurian (Eosaurus acadianus), from the coal formation of Nova Scotia. American Journal of Science and Arts, 34, pp. 1-16.
55. Matthew, G.F. 1903. On batrachian and other footprints from the Coal Measures ofJoggins, N.S. Natural History Society of New Brunswick, Bulletin 21, pp. 103-108.
56. Matthew, G.F. 1905. New species and a new genus of batrachian footprints of the Carboniferous system in eastern Canada. Royal Society of Canada, Proceedings and Transactions, 10, pp. 77-121.
57. Murray, A. 1845. Report of Alexander Murray, Esq., Assistant Provincial Geologist, addressed to W.E. Logan, Esq., Provincial Geologist, March 14th 1844. In Message from His Excellency the Governor General, with reports on a geological survey of the Province of Canada, presented to the House on 27th January, 184S. Lovell and Gibson, Montreal.
58. O'Brien, C.F. 1971. Sir William Dawson, a life in science and religion. Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society, 84, 207 p.
59. Owen, R. 1853. Notes on the above-described fossil remains. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 9, pp. 66-67.
60. Parks Canada 2004. Canada's tentative list for World Heritage Sites. Parks Canada, Ottawa, 46 p.
61. Reisz, R.R. 1997. The origin and early evolutionary history of amniotes. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 12, pp. 218-222.
62. Rolfe, W.D.I. 1982. Dawson's invertebrate 'Air-Breathers of the Coal Period' today. Third North American Paleontological Convention, Proceedings, Volume 2, August, 1982, pp. 435-439.
63. Romer, A.S. 1945. Vertebrate paleontology. 2nd Edition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 687 p.
64. Rygel, M.C., & Shipley, B.C. 2005. "Such a section as never was put together before": Logan, Dawson, Lyell and mid-Nineteenth Century measurements of the Pennsylvanian Joggins section of Nova Scotia. Atlantic Geology, 41, pp. 87-102.
65. Scott, A.C. 1998. The legacy of Charles Lyell: advances in our knowledge of coal and coal-bearing strata. In Lyell: the past is the key to the present. Edited by D. Blundell and A.C. Scott. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 143, pp. 296-331.
66. Sheets-Pyenson, S. 1995. John William Dawson: faith, hope and science. McGill-Queen's University Press, 304 p.
67. Simpson, G.G. 1944. Tempo and mode in evolution. Columbia University Press, New York, 237 p.
68. Thackray, J.C. 1998. Charles Lyell and the Geological Society. In Lyell: the past is the key to the present. Edited by D. Blundell and A.C. Scott. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 143, pp. 17-20.
69. Whiteaves, J.F. 1893. Note on the recent discovery of large Unio-like shells in the Coal Measures at the South Joggins, Nova Scotia. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 11, pp. 21-25.
70. Wilberforce, S. 1860. On 'The Origin of Species'. Quarterly Review, 108, pp. 225-264.
71. Zaslow, M. 1975. Reading the rocks. The story of the Geological Survey of Canada 1842-1972. Macmillan, Toronto, 599 p.