The pull test: A history

Movement Disorders

Volumn 21, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 894-899

  Hunt, Ann L ^a   Sethi, Kapil D ^b  

^a BETH ISRAEL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b MEDICAL COLLEGE OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Parkinson's disease; Postural instability; Pull test; Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale

Indexed keywords

BALANCE DISORDER; BODY POSTURE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL OBSERVATION; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; DISEASE SEVERITY; FAHN PULL TEST; HISTORY OF MEDICINE; HUMAN; MEDICAL EDUCATION; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MOTOR DYSFUNCTION; PARKINSON DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RATING SCALE; REVIEW; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

EUROPE; HISTORY, 19TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; MUSCULOSKELETAL EQUILIBRIUM; PARKINSON DISEASE; POSTURAL BALANCE; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; UNITED STATES;

EID: 33746920826     PISSN: 08853185     EISSN: 15318257     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/mds.20925     Document Type: Review

References (52)

1. Fahn S, Przedborski S. Parkinson's disease. In: Roland LP, editor. Merritt's neurology, 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincot Williams Wilkins; 2000. p 679.
2. Goetz CG. Charcot on Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 1986;1: 27-32.
3. Pearce JMS. Aspects of the history of Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg 1989(Suppl.):6-10.
4. Tyler KL. A history of Parkinson's disease. In: Koller W, editor. Handbook of Parkinson's Disease. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1992. p 1-34.
5. Jankovic J, Nutt J, Sudarsky L. Classification, diagnosis, and etiology of gait disorders. In: Růžička E, Hallett M, Jankovic J, editors. Advances in Neurology, vol. 87. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001. p 119-133.
6. Nutt JG. Classification of gait and balance disorders. In: Růžička E, Hallett M, Jankovic J, editors. Advances in Neurology, vol. 87. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001. p 135-141.
7. Parkinson J. An essay on the shaking palsy. London: Sherwood, Neely and Jones; 1817. p 6-7.
8. Martin JP. The basal ganglia and posture. London: Pitman Medical; 1967. p 53.
9. Romberg MH. A manual of the nervous disease of man. London: Syndenham Society; 1853. p 234.
10. Trousseau A. Lectures on clinical medicine. London: New Sydenham Society; 1868. p 445.
11. Goetz CG. Rubbing shoulders with the toe ticklers: Babinski, Chaddock and their signs. Philadelphia, PA: AAN Annual Meeting; 2001.
12. Charcot JM. Leçons du mardi à la salpêtrière 1887-1888. Paris: Bureaux du Progrès Médical; 1888.
13. Gowers WR. A manual of diseases of the nervous system. Philadelphia, PA: Blakiston; 1888. p 1004.
14. McKendree CA. Neurological examination an exposition of tests with interpretation of signs and symptoms. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders; 1928. p 38.
15. Brain WR, Strauss EB. Recent advances in neurology. Philadelphia, PA: Blakiston's Son; 1930. p 191.
16. Monrad-Krohn GH. The clinical examination of the nervous system. London: H.K. Lewis; 1947. p 188-189.
17. Merritt HH, Mettler F, Putnam TJ. Clinical neurology. Philadelphia, PA: Blakiston; 1947. p 36
18. DeJong RN. The neurological examination, incorporating the fundamental of neuroanatomy and neuropathology. New York: Hoeber; 1950. p 370,527.
19. DeJong RN. The neurological examination, 4th ed. Hagerstown, MD: Harper and Row; 1979. p 300.
20. Martin JP, Hurwitz LJ, Finlayson MH. The negative symptoms of basal gangliar disease: a survey of 130 postencephalitic cases. Lancet 1962;2:1-6,62-66.
21. Jelliffe SE, White WA. Diseases of the nervous system: a textbook of neurology and psychiatry. Philadelphia, PA: Lea and Febiger; 1929. p 653.
22. Wilson SAK. Modern problems in neurology. New York: William Wood; 1929. p 183.
23. Wechsler IS. A text-book of clinical neurology. Philadephia, PA: W.B. Saunders; 1931. p 26.
24. Grinker RR. Neurology. Springfield, IL: C.C. Thomas; 1934. p 420-421.
25. Bing R. Textbook of nervous diseases. St. Louis, MO: C.V. Mosby; 1939. p 167.
26. Herz E, Putnam TJ. Motor disorders in nervous diseases. New York: King's Crown Press; 1946. p 22.
27. Nielson JM. A textbook of clinical neurology. New York: Paul B. Hoeber; 1951. p 194.
28. Walsche FMR. Diseases of the nervous system. Baltimore, MD: William and Wilkens; 1955. p 199.
29. Davidoff LM, Feiring EH. Practical neurology. New York: Landsberger Medical Books; 1955. p 361.
30. Gilroy J, Meyer JS. Medical neurology. Toronto: Macmillan; 1969. p 172.
31. Hoehn MM, Yahr MD. Parkinsonism: onset, progression and mortality. Neurology 1967;17:427-442.
32. Duvoisin RC. The evaluation of extrapyramidal disease. In: de Ajuriaguerra J, Gauthier G, editors. Monoamines noyaux gris centraux et syndrome de Parkinson. Geneva: Georg; 1971. p 313-325.
33. Yahr MD, Duvoisin RC, Schear MJ, Barrett RE, Hoehn MM. Treatment of parkinsonism with levodopa. Arch Neurol 1969;21: 343-354.
34. Webster DD. Critical analysis of the disability in Parkinson's disease. Modern Treat 1968;5:257-282.
35. Parkes JD, Calver DM, Zilkha KJ, Knill-Jones RP. Controlled trial of amantadine hydrochloride in Parkinson's disease. Lancet 1970; 1:259-262.
36. Larsen TA, Calne S, Calne DB. Assessment for Parkinson's disease. Clin Neuropharmacol 1984;7:165-169.
37. Fahn S, Elton RL, members of the UPDRS Development Committee. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. In: Fahn D, Marsden CD, Calne D, Goldstein M, editors. Recent Development in Parkinson's Disease, vol. 2. Florham Park, NJ: Maacmillan Healthcare Information; 1987. p 153-163, 293-304.
38. Hunt AL, Sethi KD, Fahn S. The use of the pull test by movement disorder specialists. Mov Disord 1998;13(Suppl. 2):296.
39. Goetz CG, Stebbings GT, Chmura TA, Fahn S, Klawans HL, Marsden CD. Taching tape for the motor section of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Mov Disord 1995;10:263-266.
40. Munhoz RP, Li JY, Kurtinecz MA, Piboolnurak P, Constantino A, Fahn S, Lang AE. Evaluation of the pull test technique in assessing postural instability in Parkinon's disease. Neurology 2004;62:125-127.
41. Tinneti ME. Performance-oriented assessment of mobility problems in elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1986;34:119-126.
42. Wolfson LI, Whipple R. Amerman P, Kleinberg A. Stressing the postural response: a quantitative method for testing balance. J Am Geriatr Soc 1986;36:845-850.
43. Duncan PW, Weiner DK, Chandler J, Studenski S. Functional reach: a new clinical measure of balance. J Gerontol 1990;45: M192-M197.
44. Lakke JP, vander Burg W, Wiegman J. Abnormalities in postural reflexes and voluntary induced automatic movements in Parkinson's patients. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1982;84:227-235.
45. Chaco J, Wolf E. Impariment of postural reflexes in Parkinson's disease. Eur Neurol 1970;4:332-336.
46. Traub MM, Rothwell JC, Marsden CD. Anticipatory postural reflexes in Parkinson's disease and other akinetic-rigid syndromes and in cerebellar ataxia. Brain 1980;103:393-412.
47. Beckley DJ, Bloem BR, Kijk JG, Roos RaC, Remler MR. Electro physiological correlates of postural instability in Parkinson's disease. Electroencephal Clin Neurophysiol 1991;81:263-268.
48. Beckley DJ, Bloem BR, Remler MR. Impaired scaling of long latency postural reflexes in patients with Parkinson's disease. Electroencephal Clin Neurophysiol 1993;89:22-28.
49. Bloem BR, Beckley DJ, Hilten BJ, Roos RAC. Clinimetrics of potural instability in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 1998;245:669-673.
50. Bloem BR, van Vugt JP, Beckley DJ. Postural instability and falls in Parkinson's disease. In: Růžička E, Hallett M, Jankovic J, editors. Advances in Neurology, vol. 87. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001. p 209-223.
51. Huntington Study Group. Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale: reliability and consistency. Mov Disord 1996;11:136-142.
52. Sudarsky L. Gait diorders: prevalence, morbidity, and etiology. In: Růžička E, Hallett M, Jankovic J, editors. Advances in Neurology, vol. 87. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001. p 209-223.