The impact of pregnancy and childbirth on the pelvic floor;Veränderungen des beckenbodens durch schwangerschaft und geburt

Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde

Volumn 66, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 450-454

  Preyer, Oliver ^a   Hanzal, E ^a   Umek, W ^a   Laml, T ^a  

^a UNIV KLIN FÜR FRAUENHEILKUNDE   (Austria)

Author keywords

Mode of delivery; Pelvic floor; Pregnancy; Prevention

Indexed keywords

CHILDBIRTH; EPISIOTOMY; FECES INCONTINENCE; HUMAN; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE; PELVIS FLOOR; PREGNANCY; QUESTIONNAIRE; REGIONAL ANESTHESIA; REVIEW; STRESS INCONTINENCE; VAGINAL DELIVERY;

EID: 33746873738     PISSN: 00165751     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-873082     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Gainey HL. Postpartum observation of pelvic tissue damage. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1943; 45: 457-466
2. Foldspang A, Mommsen S, Lam GW, Elving L. Parity as a correlate of adult female urinary incontinence prevalence. J Epidemiol Community Health 1992; 46: 595-600
3. Chaliha C, Stanton SL. Urological problems in pregnancy. BJU Int 2002; 89: 469-476
4. Iosif S, Ingemarsson I, Ulmsten U. Urodynamic studies in normal pregnancy and in puerperium. Obstet Gynecol 1980; 137: 696-700
5. Tong Y, Wein AJ, Levin RM. Effects of pregnancy and adrenergic function in the rabbit urinary bladder. Neurourol Urodyn 1992; 11: 525-533
6. Brown ADG. The effects of pregnancy on the lower urinary tract. Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1978; 5: 151-168
7. Francis WJA. Disturbances of bladder function in relation of pregnancy. J Obstet Gynecol Br Emp 1960; 67: 353-366
8. Schulman A, Herlinger H. Urinary tract dilatation in pregnancy. Br J Radiol 1975; 48: 638-645
9. Myers DL, Scotti RJ. Acute urinary retention and incarcered, retroverted, gravid uterus. J Reprod Med 1995; 40: 487-490
10. Cutner A, Cardozo LD, Benness CJ. Assessment of urinary symptoms in early pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1991; 98: 1283-1286
11. Sommer P, Bauer T, Nielsen KK, Kristensen ES, Hermann GG, Steven K, Nordling J. Voiding patterns and prevalence of incontinence in women. A questionnaire survey. Br J Urol 1990; 66: 12-15
12. Elving LB, Foldspang A, Lam GW, Mommsen S. Descriptive epidemiology of urinary incontinence in 3100 women age 30-59. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1989; 125: 37-43
13. Harrison GL, Memel DS. Urinary incontinence in women: its prevalence and its management in a health promotion clinic. Br J Gen Pract 1994; 44: 149-152
14. Burgio KL, Locher JL, Zyczynski H, Hardin JM, Singh K. Urinary incontinence during pregnancy in a racially mixed sample: characteristics and predisposing factors. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 1996; 7: 69-73
15. Simeonova Z, Bengtsson C. Prevalence of urinary incontinence among women at a Swedish primary health care centre. Scand J Prim Health Care 1990; 8: 203-206
16. Jolleys JV. Reported prevalence of urinary incontinence in women in a general practice. BMJ 1988; 296: 1300-1302
17. Yarnell JW, Voyle GJ, Sweetnam PM, Milbank J, Richards CJ, Stephenson TP. Factors associated with urinary incontinence in women. J Epidemiol Community Health 1982; 36: 58-63
18. Crist T, Shingleton HM, Koch GG. Stress incontinence and the nulliparous patient. Obstet Gynecol 1972; 40: 13-17
19. Thomas TM, Plymat KR, Blannin J, Meade TW. Prevalence of urinary incontinence. BMJ 1980; 281: 1243-1245
20. Faundes A, Guarisi T, Pinto-Neto AM. The risk of urinary incontinence of parous women who delivered only by cesarean section. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2001; 72: 41-46
21. Kuh D, Cardozo L, Hardy R. Urinary incontinence in middle aged women: childhood enuresis and other lifetime risk factors in a British prospective cohort. J Epidemiol Community Health 1999; 53: 453-458
22. Rortveit G, Daltveit AK, Hundskaar S. Vaginal delivery parameters and urinary incontinence: the Norwegian EPINCONT study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189: 1268-1274
23. Iosif CS, Ingemarsson I. Prevalence of stress incontinence among women delivered by elective cesarean section. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1982; 20: 87-89
24. Hojberg KE, Salvig JD, Winslow NA, Lose G, Secher NJ. Urinary incontinence: prevalence and risk factors at 16 weeks of gestation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1999; 106: 842-850
25. Danso KA, Martey JO, Wall LL, Elkins TE. The epidemiology of genitourinary fistulae in Kumasi, Ghana, 1977-1992. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 1996; 7: 117-120
26. Cardozo L, Cutner A. Lower urinary tract symptoms in pregnancy. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 14-23
27. Stanton SL, Kerr-Wilson R, Harris VG. The incidence of urological symptoms in normal pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1980; 87: 897-900
28. Hong PL, Leong M, Selzer V. Uroflowmetric observation in pregnancy. Neurourol Urodynam 1988; 7: 61-70
29. Parboosingh J, Doig A. Studies in nocturia in normal pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Comw 1973; 80: 888-895
30. Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury S, Wein A (Hrsg). Incontinence. 3rd International Consultation on Incontinence. Plymouth, Mass: Health Publication Ltd., 2005: 432-434
31. Peschers UM, Schaer GN, Delancey JO, Schuessler B. Levator ani function before and after childbirth. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997; 104: 1004-1008
32. Meyer S, Bachelard O, De GP. Do bladder neck mobility and urethral sphincter function differ during pregnancy compared with during the non-pregnant state? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 1998; 9: 397-404
33. Jeffcoate TN, Roberts H. Observations on stress incontinence of urine. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1952; 64: 721-738
34. Schloßberger A, Liebemann A, Anthuber C, Hepp H. Morphologische und funktionelle Veränderungen des weiblichen Beckenbodens nach primärer und sekundärer Sectio caesarea. Geburtsh Frauenheilk 2005; 65: 383-388
35. Green TH. Urinary stress incontinence: differential diagnosis, pathophysiology and management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1975; 122: 368-400
36. Wijma J, Weis Potters AE, de Wolf BT, Tinga DJ, Aarnoudse JG. Anatomical and functional changes in the lower urinary tract during pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 108: 726-732
37. Peschers U, Schaer G, Anthuber C, Delancey JO, Schuessler B. Changes in vesical neck mobility following vaginal delivery. Obstet Gynecol 1996; 88: 1001-1006
38. King JK, Freeman RM. Is antenatal bladder neck mobility a risk faktor for postpartum stress incontinence? Br J Obstet Gynecol 1998; 105: 1300-1307
39. Reilly ET, Freeman RM, Waterfield MR, Waterfield AE, Steggles P, Pedlar F. Prevention of postpartum stress incontinence in primigravidae with increased bladder neck mobility: a randomised controlled trial of antenatal pelvic floor exercises. Br J Obstet Gynecol 2002; 109: 68-76
40. Delancey JOL. Structural support of the urethra as it relates to stress urinary incontinence: the Hammock hypothesis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994; 170: 1713-1723
41. Lange R, Walther D, Hundertmark S. Veränderungen des Beckenbodens in gravididate: Blasenhalstopografie und Muskelfunktionalität. Eine Longitudinalstudie. Geburtsh Frauenheilk 2001; 61: 970-976
42. Howell CJ. Epidural versus non-epidural analgesia for pain relief in labour (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane Library. Vol. 3. Oxford: Update Software, 2003: CD000331
43. Sultan AH, Kamm MA, Hudson CN, Thomas JM, Bartram CI. Anal-sphincter disruption during vaginal delivery. New Engl J Med 1993; 329: 1905-1911
44. MacArthur C, Bick DE, Keighley MR. Faecal incontinence after childbirth. British Journal of Obstet Gynaecol 1997; 104: 46-50
45. Brown S, Lumley J. Maternal health after childbirth: results of an Australian population based survey. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998; 105: 156-161
46. Johanson RB, Heycock E, Carter J, Sultan AH, Walklate K, Jones PW. Maternal and child health after assisted vaginal delivery: five-year follow-up of a randomised controlled study comparing forceps and ventouse. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1999; 106: 544-549
47. Eason E, Labrecque M, Wells G, Feldman P. Preventing perineal trauma during childbirth: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol 2000; 95: 464-471
48. Abitbol MM. Birth and human evolution: anatomical and obstetrical mechanics in primates. Westport, CT: Bergin and Garvey, 1997
49. Moerman ML. Growth of the birth canal in adolescent girls. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982; 143: 528-532
50. Myers-Helfgott MG, Helfgott AW. Routine use of episiotomy in modern obstetrics. Should it be performed? Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1999; 26: 305-325
51. Iosif S, Henriksson L, Ulmsten U. Postpartum incontinence. Urol Int 1981; 36: 53-58
52. Iosif S. Stress incontinence during pregnancy and in puerperium. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1981; 19: 13-20
53. Viktup L, Lose G, Rolff M, Barfoed K. The symptom of stress incontinence caused by pregnancy or delivery in primiparas. Obstet Gynecol 1992; 79: 945-949
54. David M, Pachaly J, Vetter K. Die Episiotomie: Protektiv- oder Risikofaktor beim schweren Dammriss? Geburtsh Frauenheilk 2005; 65: 604-611
55. Sampselle CM, Miller JM, Mims BL, Delancey JO, Ashton-Miller JA, Antonakos CL. Effect of pelvic muscle exercise on transient incontinence during pregnancy and after birth. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 91: 406-412
56. Morkved S, Bo K. Effect of postpartum pelvic floor muscle training in prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence: a one-year follow-up. BJOG 2000; 107: 1022-1028
57. Salvesen KA, Morkved S. Randomised controlled trial of pelvic floor muscle training during pregnancy. BMJ 2004; 329: 378-380