Chlorhexidine antisepsis to reduce neonatal mortality must be adopted globally

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

Volumn 25, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 676-679

  Tolosa, Jorge E ^a  

^a OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; CHLORHEXIDINE; CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTISEPSIS; CAUSE OF DEATH; CLINICAL TRIAL; DIARRHEA; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG STRUCTURE; GENITAL SYSTEM; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MENINGITIS; NEWBORN INFECTION; NEWBORN MORTALITY; NEWBORN SEPSIS; NOTE; OMPHALITIS; PNEUMONIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEPTICEMIA; TETANUS; UMBILICAL CORD; VAGINAL LAVAGE; VIRUS TRANSMISSION;

ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; ANTISEPSIS; CHLORHEXIDINE; CLINICAL TRIALS; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT MORTALITY; INFANT, NEWBORN; MATERNAL MORTALITY; PERINATAL CARE; PREGNANCY; SAFETY; SKIN; UMBILICUS; VAGINA;

EID: 33746731157     PISSN: 08913668     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.inf.0000230265.19320.41     Document Type: Note

References (31)

1. Mullany LC, Darmstadt GL, Tielsch JM. Safety and impact of chlorhexidine antisepsis interventions for improving neonatal health in developing countries. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006;25:665-675.
2. Lawn J, McCarthy BJ, Ross SR. The healthy newborn: a reference manual for program managers: Atlanta, GA, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CARE. 2001;1:20.
3. World Health Organization. 2001 Estimates in saving newborn lives. In: State of the World's Newborns. Washington, DC: Save the Children Federation-U.S.; 2001:1-49.
4. Stoll B. The global impact of neonatal infection. Clin Perinatol. 1997;24:l-21.
5. UNICEF. State of the World's Children. New York, NY: UNICEF; 2001.
6. Bang AT, Bang RA, Morankar VP, Sontakke PG, Solanki JM. Pneumonia in neonates: can it be managed in the community? Arch Dis Child. 1993;68:550-556.
7. World Health Organization.Saving newborn lives. In: State of the World's Newborns. Washington, DC: Save the Children Federation-U.S.; 2001:1-49.
8. Child Health Research Project. Special report. In: Black RE, Kelley L, eds. Reducing Perinatal and Neonatal Mortality. 1999:1-48.
9. World Bank. World Bank Development Report: Investing in Health. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press; 1993.
10. Hyder AA, Wali S, McGuckin J. Burden of disease for neonatal mortality in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: Save the Children Federation-U.S.; 2001:1-93.
11. Moss W, Darmstadt GL, Marsh DR, et al. Research priorities for the reduction of perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in developing country communities. J Perinatol. 2002;22:484-495.
12. Kramer MS. Determinants of low birth weight: methodological assessment and meta-analysis. Bull World Health Organ. 1987;65:663-737.
13. Bang AT, et al. Effect of home-based neonatal care and management of sepsis on neonatal mortality: field trial in rural India. Lancet. 1999;354:1955-1961.
14. Yasmin S, Osrin D, Paul E, Costello A. Neonatal mortality of low-birthweight infants in Bangladesh. Bull World Health Organ. 2001;79:608-614.
15. Darmstadt GL , Black RE, Santosham M. Research priorities and postpartum care strategies for the prevention and optimal management of neonatal infections in less developed countries. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1998;17:499-503.
16. The WHO Young Infants Study Group. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999;18:S4-S68.
17. Nathoo KJ, Mason PR, Gwanzura L, Kowo H, Mubaiwa L. Severe Klebsiella infection as a cause of mortality in neonates in Harare, Zimbabwe: evidence from postmortem blood cultures. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1993;12:840-844.
18. Terrone D, Rinehart BK, Einstein MH, Britt LB, Martin JN, Perry KG. Neonatal sepsis and deaths caused by resistant Escherichia coli: possible consequences of extended maternal ampicillin administration. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999;180:1345-1348.
19. Schuchat A, Ziwicki SS, Dinsmoor MJ, et al. for the PENS Study Group. Risk factors and opportunities for prevention of early onset neonatal sepsis: a multicentre case control study. Pediatrics. 2000;105:21-26.
20. Davies A. The mode of action of chlorhexidine. J Periodont Res. 1975;8:68-75.
21. Cutler RA. Bisbiguanides, a new series of antimicrobial agents. Soap Chem Spec. 1966;42:45-49, 101-103.
22. Hugo WB, Ashworth RW. Some aspects of the mode of action of chlorhexidine. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1964;16:655-662.
23. Rye RM, Wiseman D. Release of phosphorus32 containing compounds from Micrococcus lysodeikticus treated with chlorhexidine. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1964;16:516-521.
24. Tielsch JM, Darmstadt GL, Mullany LC, Khatry SK, Katz J, LeClerq SC. A Community-Based, Randomized Trial of Newborn Washing With Chlorhexidine on Neonatal Mortality in southern Nepal. Presented at the Pediatric Academic Societies 2005 Annual Meeting, May 14, 2005. Abstract.
25. Mullany LC, Darmstadt GL, Khatry SK, et al. Topical applications of chlorhexidine to the umbilical cord prevent omphalitis and neonatal mortality in southern Nepal: a community-based, cluster randomized trial. Lancet. 2006;367:910-918.
26. Taha TE, Biggar RJ, Broadhead RL, et al. Effect of cleansing the birth canal with antiseptic solution on maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality in Malawi: clinical trial. BMJ. 1997;315:216-219.
27. Bakr AF, Kartour T. Effect of predelivery vaginal antisepsis on maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in Egypt. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2005;14:496-501.
28. Biggar RJ, Miotti PG, Taha TE, et al. Perinatal Intervention Trial in Africa: effect of a birth canal cleansing intervention to prevent HIV transmission. Lancet. 1996;347:1647-1650.
29. Wilson CM, Gray G, Read JS, et al. Tolerance and safety of different concentrations of chlorhexidine for peripartum vaginal and infant washes: HIVNET 025. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004;35:138-143.
30. Goldenberg RL, McClure EM, Saleem S, Rouse D, Vermund S. Use of vaginally administered chlorhexidine during labor to improve pregnancy outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107:1139-1146.
31. World Health Organization. Care of the Umbilical Cord. WHO/FHE/MSM-Cord Care. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 1998.