Documenting the heroin shortage in New South Wales

Drug and Alcohol Review

Volumn 25, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 297-305

  Day, Carolyn ^a   Degenhardt, Louisa ^b   Hall, Wayne ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

Author keywords

Australia; Heroin market; Monitoring

Indexed keywords

DIAMORPHINE; STREET DRUG;

ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; COMMERCIAL PHENOMENA; DOCUMENTATION; ECONOMICS; HEROIN DEPENDENCE; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; STATISTICS;

COMMERCE; DOCUMENTATION; HEROIN; HEROIN DEPENDENCE; HUMANS; NEW SOUTH WALES; STREET DRUGS;

EID: 33746636846     PISSN: 09595236     EISSN: 14653362     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09595230600741024     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Dietze P, Fitzgerald J. Interpreting changes in heroin supply in Melbourne: droughts, gluts or cycles? Drug Alcohol Rev 2002;21:295-303.
2. Day C, Topp L, Rouen D, Darke S, Hall W, Dolan K. Decreased heroin availability in Sydney in early 2001. Addiction 2003;98:93-5.
3. Weatherburn D, Jones C, Freeman K, Makkai T. The Australian heroin drought and its implication for drug policy. Crime Justice Bull 2001;59.
4. Miller P, Fry C, Dietze P. A study of the impact of the heroin 'drought' in Melbourne: results of the Drug Availability Monitoring Project (DAMP). Melbourne: Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre, Inc., 2001.
5. Darke S, Topp L, Kaye S, Hall W. Heroin use in New South Wales, Australia, 1996-2000: 5-year monitoring of trends in price, purity, availability and use from the Illicit Drug Reporting System (IDRS). Addiction 2002;97: 179-86.
6. Topp L, Kaye S, Bruno R, et al. Australian drug trends 2001: findings from the Illicit Drug Reporting System (IDRS). Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, 2002.
7. Courtwright D. Dark paradise: opiate addiction in America before 1940. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1982.
8. Courtwright D, Joseph H, Des Jarlais D. Addicts who survived: an oral history of narcotic addiction in America 1923-1965. Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee, 1990.
9. Jonnes J. Hep-cats, narcs and pipe dreams: a history of America's romance with illegal drugs. New York: Scribner, 1996.
10. Massing M. The fix. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2000.
11. Dupont RL, Greene MH. The dynamics of a heroin addiction epidemic. Science 1973;181:716-22.
12. Hughes PH, Barker NW, Crawford GA, Jaffe JH. The natural history of a heroin epidemic. Am J Public Health 1972;62:995-1001.
13. Golub A, Johnson BD. A recent decline in cocaine use among youthful arrestees in Manhattan, 1987 through 1993. Am J Public Health 1994;17:1250-4.
14. Hughes PH, Rieche O. Heroin epidemics revisited. Epidemiol Rev 1995:66-73.
15. Curtis R. Improbable transformation of inner-city neighborhoods: crime, violence, drugs, and youth in the 1990s. J Crim Law Criminol 1998;88:123-76.
16. Bowling B. The rise and fall of New York murder: zero tolerance or crack's decline? Br J Criminol 1999:531-54.
17. Collins D, Lapsley H. The social costs of drug abuse in Australia. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service, 1996.
18. Sutton A, James S. Evaluation of Australian drug anti-trafficking law enforcement. Payneham, SA: Australasian Centre for Policing Research, 1996.
19. Weatherburn D, Lind B. The impact of law enforcement activity on a heroin market. Addiction 1997;92:557-69.
20. Manski C, Pepper JV, Petrie CV. National Research Council. Informing America's policy on illegal drugs: what we don't know keeps hurting us. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001.
21. Wood E, Tyndall M, Spittal PM, et al. Impact of supply-side policies for control of illicit drugs in the face of the AIDS and overdose epidemics: investigation of a massive heroin seizure. Can Med Assoc J 2003;168:165-9.
22. Degenhardt L, Reuter P, Collins L, Hall W. Evaluating explanations of the Australian 'heroin shortage'. Addiction 2005;100:459-69.
23. Degenhardt L, Topp L, Day C. Issues surrounding the detection of a reduction in drug supply: the case of the heroin shortage in Australia, 2001. Bull Narcotics 2003;LV: 131-40.
24. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Identifying and monitoring emerging drug use problems: a retrospective analysis of drug abuse data/information reported by the CEWG. Bethesda, MD: NIDA, 2001.
25. Topp L, Kaye S, Bruno R, et al. Australian Drug Trends 2001: findings from the Illicit Drug Reporting System (IDRS). NDARC Monograph no. 48. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW, 2002.
26. Topp L, Mcketin R. Supporting evidence-based policy-making: a case study of the IDRS. Bull Narcotics 2003;LV: 23-30.
27. Stimson G, Fitch C, Rhodes T, Ball A. Rapid assessment and response: methods for developing public health responses to drug problems. Drug Alcohol Rev 1999;18:317-25.
28. Mcketin R. Use of RAM to monitor illicit drug use in developed countries: can rapid assessment result in a rapid response? Drug Alcohol Rev 1999;1:333-5.
29. Griffiths P, Vingoe L, Hunt N, Mounteney J, Hartnoll R. Drug information systems, early warning and new trends: can drug monitoring systems become more sensitive to emerging trends in drug consumption? Subst Use Misuse 2000;35:811-44.
30. Hando J, Darke S, O'Brien S, Maher L, Hall W. The development of an early warning system to detect trends in illicit drug use in Australia: the Illicit Drug Reporting System. Addict Res 1998;6:97-113.
31. Day C, Gibson A, Collins L, Degenhardt L, Dietze P. Research methodologies used to obtain retrospective self-reports of the impact of changes in heroin supply on regular users in and out of treatment. NDARC Technical Report no. 176. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, 2004.
32. Day C, Collins L, Degenhardt L, Thetford C, Maher L. Reliability of heroin users' reports of drug use behaviour using a 24 month timeline-follow-back technique to assess the impact of the Australian heroin shortage. Addict Res Theory 2004;12:433-43.
33. Degenhardt L, Day C, Hall W. The causes, course and consequences of the heroin shortage in Australia. NDLERF Monograph no. 3. Adelaide: Australasian Centre for Policing Research, 2004.
34. Degenhardt L, Day C. The course and consequences of the heroin shortage in New South Wales. NDLERF Monograph no. 4. Adelaide: Australasian Centre for Policing Research, 2004.
35. Degenhardt L, Day C. A note on methods used in the study. In: Degenhardt L, Day C, Hall W, eds. The causes, course and consequences of the heroin shortage in Australia. Adelaide: Australasian Centre for Policing Research, 2004:3-6.
36. Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence. Australian Illicit Drug Report 1998-99. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence, 2000.
37. Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence. Australian Illicit Drug Report 1999-2000. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence, 2001.
38. Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence. Australian Illicit Drug Report 2000-2001. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence, 2002.
39. Australian Crime Commission. Australian Illicit Drug Report 2001-02. Canberra: Australian Crime Commission, 2003.
40. Australian Crime Commission. Australian Illict Drug Data Report 2002-03. Canberra: Australian Crime Commission, 2004.
41. Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence. Australian Illicit Drug Report 1995/96. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 1996.
42. Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence. Australian Illicit Drug Report 1996/97. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 1997.
43. Caulkins J, Rydell C, Everingham S. An ounce of prevention, a pound of uncertainty. The cost effectiveness of school-based drug prevention programs. Santa Monica, CA: Drug Policy Research Center, 1999.
44. Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence. Australian Illicit Drug Report 1998/99. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 2000.
45. Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence. Australian Illicit Drug Report 1999/00. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 2001.
46. Australian Bureau of Criminal Intelligence. Australian Illicit Drug Report 2000/01. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 2002.
47. Degenhardt L, Day C, Hall W. The course and consequence of the heroin shortage in New South Wales. Adelaide: Australasian Centre for Policing Research, 2004.
48. Day C. Documenting the heroin shortage. In: Degenhardt L, Day C, eds. The course and consequences of the heroin shortage in New South Wales. Adelaide: Australasian Centre for Policing Research, 2004:11-17.
49. Topp L, Degenhardt L, Day C, Collins L. Contemplating drug monitoring systems in the light of Australia's heroin shortage. Drug Alcohol Rev 2003;22:3-6.
50. Black E, Degenhardt L, Stafford J. New South Wales Drug Trends 2004: findings from the Illicit Drug Reporting System (IDRS). NDARC Technical Report no. 211. Sydne: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, 2005.