Vicarious traumatization and burnout among therapists working with sex offenders

Traumatology

Volumn 9, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 216-230

  Kadambi, Michaela A ^a   Truscott, Derek ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Burnout; Impact; Sex offenders; Vicarious trauma

Indexed keywords

EID: 33746537238     PISSN: 15347656     EISSN: 10859373     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/153476560300900404     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Adams, E.M., & Betz, N.E. (1993). Gender differences in counsellors' attitudes toward and attributions about incest. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 40, 210-216.
2. Alford, J.M., Grey, M.L. & Atkisson, D.L. (1988). Emotional costs of working with sexual molesters of children. Corrective and Social Psychiatry and Journal of Behavior Technology Methods and Therapy, 34, 11-13.
3. Bird Edmunds, S. (1997). The personal impact of working with sex offenders. In S. Bird Edmunds (Ed.), Impact: Working with sexual abusers (pp. 11-29). Brandon, Vermont: Safer Society Press.
4. Blanchard, G.T. (1995). The difficult connection: The therapeutic relationship in sex offender treatment. Brandon, Vermont: Safer Society Press.
5. Brady, J. L., Guy, J. D., Poelstra, P. L., & Brokaw, B. F. (1999). Vicarious traumatization, spirituality, and the treatment of sexual abuse survivors: A national survey of women psychotherapists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 30, 386-393.
6. Deutsch, C.J. (1984). Self-reported sources of stress among psychotherapists. Professional Psychology Research and Practice, 15, 833-845.
7. Egan, M. (1993). Resilience at the front lines: Hospital social work with AIDS patients and burnout. Social Work in Health Care, 18, 109-123.
8. Ellerby, L. A. (1998). Providing clinical services to sex offenders: Burnout, compassion fatigue and moderating variables (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manitoba, 1998). Dissertation Abstracts International Section B: The Sciences & Engineering. 1999 May Vol 59 (10-B) 5575
9. Ellerby, L. (1997). Impact on clinicians: Stressors and providers of sex offender treatment. In S. Bird Edmunds (Ed.), Impact: Working with sexual abusers (pp. 51-60). Brandon, Vermont: Safer Society Press.
10. Ennis, L.P., & Horne, S. (2003). Predicting psychological distress in sex offender therapists. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 15, 149-158.
11. Farber, B. (1983). Stress and burnout in the human service professions. New York: Pergamon.
12. Farber, B. & Heifetz, L.J. (1981). The satisfactions and stresses of psychotherapeutic work: A factor analytic study. Professional Psychology, 12, 661-630.
13. Farber, B. & Heifetz, L.J. (1982). The process and dimensions of burnout in psychotherapists. Professional Psychology, 13, 293-301.
14. Farrenkopf, T. (1992). What happens to therapists who work with sex offenders. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 18, 217-223.
15. Fischer., J., & Corcoran, K. (Eds.). (1994). Measures for clinical practice. New York: The Free Press.
16. Hill, J.K. (1995). Countertransference in conflict: One client or two. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law, 23, 105-116.
17. Hilton, N.Z., Jennings, K.T., Drugge, J., & Stephens, J. (1995). Childhood sexual abuse among clinicians working with sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10, 525-532.
18. Horowitz, M.J., Wilner, N., & Alvarez, W. (1980). Signs and symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 37, 85-92.
19. Horvath, A. O., & Greenberg, L. S. (1994). The working alliance. New York: Wiley.
20. Jackson, K.E., Holzman, C., Barnard, T., & Paradis, C. (1997). Working with sex offenders: The impact on clinicians. In S. Bird Edmunds (Ed.), Impact: Working with sexual abusers (pp. 61-73). Brandon, Vermont: Safer Society Press.
21. Kearns, B. (1995). Self-reflection in work with sex offenders: A process not just for therapists. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 4, 107-110.
22. Layton, J.C. (1988). The countertransference phenomenon with therapists who work with sex offenders. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
23. Maslach, C., Jackson, S.E., & Leiter, M.P. (1996). Maslach burnout inventory manual. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
24. McCann, I. L. & Pearlman, L.A. (1990). Vicarious traumatization: A framework for understanding the psychological effects of working with victims. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 3, 131-149.
25. Mitchell, C., & Melikian, K. (1995). The treatment of male sexual offenders: Countertransference reactions. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 4, 87-93.
26. Orlinsky, D. E., Grawe, K., & Parks, B. K. (1994). Process and outcome in psychotherapy-noch einmal. In A. E. Bergin & S. L. Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (4th ed., pp. 270-378).
27. Pearlman, L.A. (1996). Psychometric review of TSI Belief Scale, Revision-L. In B.H. Stamm (Ed.). Measurement of stress, trauma, and adaptation. Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press.
28. Pearlman, L.A. , & MacIan, P.S. (1995). Vicarious traumatization: An empirical study of the effects of trauma work on trauma therapists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 26, 558-565.
29. Pearlman, L.A., & Saakvitne, K.W. (1995a). Trauma and the therapist: Countertransference and vicarious traumatization in psychotherapy with incest survivors. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
30. Pearlman, L.A., & Saakvitne, K.W. (1995b). Treating therapists with vicarious traumatization and secondary traumatic stress disorders. In C. Figley (Ed.), Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized (pp. 150-177). New York: Brunner/Mazel.
31. Pines, A., & Maslach, C. (1978). Characteristics of staff burnout in mental health settings. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 29, 233-237.
32. Polson, M., & McCullom, E. (1995). Therapist caring in the treatment of sexual abuse offenders: Perspectives from a qualitative case study of one sexual abuse treatment program. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 4, 21-43.
33. Raquepaw, J.M & Miller, R.S. (1989). Psychotherapist burnout: A componential analysis. Professional Psychology Research and Practice, 20, 32-36.
34. Rich, K.D. (1997). Vicarious traumatization: A preliminary study. In S. Bird Edmunds (Ed.), Impact: Working with sexual abusers (pp. 75-88). Brandon, Vermont: Safer Society Press.
35. Rogers, C.R. (1992). The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 827-832.
36. Ryan, G.D, & Lane, S. L. (1991). The impact of sexual abuse on the interventionist. In G.D. Ryan & S.L. Lane (Eds.), Juvenile sexual offending: Causes, consequences and corrections (pp. 411-428). Toronto: Lexington Books.
37. Savicki, V. & Cooley, E. (1987). The relationship of work environment and client contact to burnout in mental health professionals. Journal of Counseling and Development, 65, 249-252.
38. Schauben, L.J., & Frazier, P.A. (1995). Vicarious trauma: The effects on female counsellors of work with sexual violence survivors. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 19, 49-64.
39. Wormith, J.S., & Borzecki, M. (1985). A survey of treatment programs for sexual offenders in Canada. Ottawa: Progress Branch User Report, 1985-35. Ministry of Solicitor General of Canada.