Relationship of glucose concentrations with PAI-1 and t-PA in subjects with normal glucose tolerance

Diabetic Medicine

Volumn 23, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 887-893

  Heldgaard, P E ^a,b,f   Sidelmann, J J ^c,d   Hindsberger, C ^b   Olivarius, N D F ^b   Henriksen, J E ^e   Gram, J ^c,d  

^a Ørum Health Centre   (Denmark)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^c ESBJERG HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^d UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN DENMARK   (Denmark)

^e ODENSE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^f NONE   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular risk; General practice; Normal glucose tolerance; Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1; Tissue type plasminogen activator

Indexed keywords

BIOCHEMICAL MARKER; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1; TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR;

ADULT; AGE DETERMINATION; ANTHROPOMETRY; ARTICLE; BLOOD CLOTTING; BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITORING; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; COMMUNITY CARE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET RESTRICTION; FEMALE; FIBRINOLYSIS; GLUCOSE ASSAY; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLUCOSE TOLERANCE; GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC DISORDER; METABOLISM; POSTPRANDIAL STATE; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

ADULT; BLOOD GLUCOSE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIABETIC ANGIOPATHIES; FASTING; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MIDDLE AGED; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATORS; RISK FACTORS; TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR;

EID: 33746503652     PISSN: 07423071     EISSN: 14645491     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01924.x     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Reaven GM. Syndrome X: 6 years later. J Intern Med 1994; 236: 13-22.
2. Fuller JH, Shipley MJ, Rose G, Jarrett RJ, Keen H. Coronary-heart disease risk and impaired glucose tolerance: the Whitehall study. Lancet 1980; i(8183): 1373-1376.
3. Jarrett RJ, McCartney P, Keen H. The Bedford survey: ten-year mortality rates in newly diagnosed diabetics, borderline diabetics and normoglycaemic controls and risk indices for coronary heart disease in borderline diabetics. Diabetologia 1982; 22: 79-84.
4. Fujimoto WY, Leonetti DL, Kinyoun JL, Shuman WP, Stolov WC, Wahl PW. Prevalence of complications among second-generation Japanese-American men with diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, or normal glucose tolerance. Diabetes 1987; 36: 730-739.
5. Rewers M, Shetterly SM, Baxter J, Marshall JA, Hamman RF. Prevalence of coronary heart disease in subjects with normal and impaired glucose tolerance and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a bi-ethnic Colorado population. The San Luis Valley Diabetes Study. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 135: 1321-1330.
6. Wingard DL, Barrett-Connor E. Family history of diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk factors and mortality among euglycemic, borderline hyperglycemic, and diabetic adults. Am J Epidemiol 1987; 125: 948-958.
7. Guerrero-Romero F, Rodriguez-Moran M. Impaired glucose tolerance is a more advanced stage of alteration in the glucose metabolism than impaired fasting glucose. J Diabetes Complications 2001; 15: 34-37.
8. Balkau B, Shipley M, Jarrett RJ, Pyörälä K, Pyörälä M, Forhan A et al. High blood glucose concentration is a risk factor for mortality in middle-aged non-diabetic men: 20-year follow-up in the Whitehall Study, the Paris Prospective Study, and the Helsinki Policemen Study. Diabetes Care 1998; 21: 360-367.
9. Tominaga M, Eguchi H, Manaka H, Igarashi K, Kato T, Sekikawa A. Impaired glucose tolerance is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but not impaired fasting glucose. The Funagata Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 920-924.
10. Shaw JE, Zimmet PZ, Hodge AM, de Courten M, Dowse GK, Chitson P et al. Impaired fasting glucose: how low should it go? Diabetes Care 2000; 23: 34-39.
11. Saydah SH, Loria CM, Eberhardt MS, Brancati FL. Subclinical states of glucose intolerance and risk of death in the US. Diabetes Care 2001; 24: 447-453.
12. Fisman EZ, Motro M, Tenenbaum A, Boyko V, Mandelzweig L, Behar S. Impaired fasting glucose concentrations in non-diabetic patients with ischemic heart disease: a marker for a worse prognosis. Am Heart J 2001; 141: 485-490.
13. Turner RC, Millns H, Neil HA, Stratton IM, Manley SE, Matthews DR et al. Risk factors for coronary artery disease in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS 23). Br Med J 1998; 316: 823-828.
14. Piche ME, Arcand-Bosse JF, Despres JP, Perusse L, Lemieux S, Weisnagel SJ. What is a normal glucose value? Differences in indexes of plasma glucose homeostasis in subjects with normal fasting glucose. Diabetes Care 2004; 27: 2470-2477.
15. Coutinho M, Gerstein HC, Wang Y, Yusuf S. The relationship between glucose and incident cardiovascular events. A metaregression analysis of published data from 20 studies of 95,783 individuals followed for 12.4 years. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 233-240.
16. Wei M, Gibbons LW, Mitchell TL, Kampert JB, Stern MP, Blair SN. Low fasting plasma glucose level as a predictor of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Circulation 2000; 101: 2047-2052.
17. Bjornholt JV, Erikssen G, Aaser E, Sandvik L, Nitter-Hauge S, Jervell J et al. Fasting blood glucose: an underestimated risk factor for cardiovascular death. Results from a 22-year follow-up of healthy non-diabetic men. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 45-49.
18. Fisman EZ, Motro M, Tenenbaum A, Leor J, Boyko V, Mandelzweig L et al. Is hypoglycaemia a marker for increased long-term mortality risk in patients with coronary artery disease? An 8-year follow-up. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2004; 11: 135-143.
19. Haffner SM. Insulin resistance, inflammation, and the pre-diabetic state. Am J Cardiol 2003; 92: 18J-26J.
20. Kohler HP, Grant PJ. Plasminogen-activator inhibitor type 1 and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1792-1801.
21. Leurs PB, Stolk RP, Hamulyak K, VanOerle R, Grobbee DE, Wolffenbuttel BH. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor and other endothelium-dependent hemostatic factors in elderly individuals with normal or impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2002; 25: 1340-1345.
22. Eliasson MC, Jansson JH, Lindahl B, Stegmayr B. High levels of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) antigen precede the development of type 2 diabetes in a longitudinal population study. The Northern Sweden MONICA Study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2003; 2: 19.
23. Thogersen AM, Jansson JH, Boman K, Nilsson TK, Weinehall L, Huhtasaari F et al. High plasminogen activator inhibitor and tissue plasminogen activator levels in plasma precede a first acute myocardial infarction in both men and women: evidence for the fibrinolytic system as an independent primary risk factor. Circulation 1998; 98: 2241-2247.
24. Heldgaard PE, Olivarius NF, Hindsberger C, Henriksen JE. Impaired fasting glycaemia resembles impaired glucose tolerance with regard to cardiovascular risk factors: population-based, cross-sectional study of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Diabet Med 2004; 21: 363-370.
25. World Health Organization. Definition, Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications. WHO/NCD/NCS/ 99.2. Geneva, Switzerland: Department of Non-communicable Disease Surveillance, World Health Organization, 1999.
26. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972; 18: 499-502.
27. Jespersen J, Sidelmann J. A study of the conditions and accuracy of the thrombin time assay of plasma fibrinogen. Acta Haematol 1982; 67: 2-7.
28. Alberti KGMM, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med 1998; 15: 539-553.
29. Mykkanen L, Laakso M, Pyorala K. Asymptomatic hyperglycemia and atherosclerotic vascular disease in the elderly. Diabetes Care 1992; 15: 1020-1030.
30. Laakso M. Glycemic control and the risk for coronary heart disease in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Finnish studies. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124: 127-130.
31. Gerstein HC, Yusuf S. Dysglycaemia and risk of cardiovascular disease. Lancet 1996; 347: 949-950.
32. Lowe LP, Liu K, Greenland P, Metzinger BE, Dyer AR, Stamler J. Diabetes, asymptomatic hyperglycemia, and 22-year mortality in black and white men. The Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry Study. Diabetes Care 1997; 20: 163-169.
33. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998; 352: 837-853.
34. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 38). Br Med J 1998; 317: 703-713 (erratum in: Br Med J 1999; 318: 29).
35. Mehler PS, Coll JR, Estacio R et al. Intensive blood pressure control reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral arterial disease and type 2 diabetes. Circulation 2003; 107: 753-756.
36. Gram J, Bladbjerg EM, Moller L, Sjol A, Jespersen J. Tissue-type plasminogen activator and C-reactive protein in acute coronary heart disease. A nested case-control study. J Intern Med 2000; 247: 205-212.
37. Thompson SG, Kienast J, Pyke SD et al. Hemostatic factors and the risk of myocardial infarction or sudden death in patients with angina pectoris. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 635-641.
38. Lyon CJ, Law RE, Hsueh WA. Minireview: adiposity, inflammation, and atherogenesis. Endocrinology 2003; 144: 2195-2200.
39. Meigs JB, Nathan DM, Wilson PW, Cupples LA, Singer DE. Metabolic risk factors worsen continuously across the spectrum of non-diabetic glucose tolerance. The Framingham Offspring Study. Ann Intern Med 1998; 128: 524-533.
40. Meigs JB, Mittleman MA, Nathan DM et al. Hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and impaired hemostasis: the Framingham Offspring Study. J Am Med Assoc 2000; 283: 221-228.
41. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Quality of life in type 2 diabetic patients is affected by complications but not by intensive policies to improve blood glucose or blood pressure control (UKPDS 37). UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 1125-1136.