European municipalism in the first half of the twentieth century: The socialist network

Contemporary European History

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 573-596

  Dogliani, Patrizia ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 33746475610     PISSN: 09607773     EISSN: 14692171     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0960777302004046     Document Type: Review

References (45)

1. Christian Topalov, 'Les "réformateurs" et leurs réseaux: enjeux d'un objet de recherche', in Christian Topalov, ed., Laboratoires du nouveau siècle. La nébuleuse réformatrice et ses réseaux en France, 1880-1914 (Paris: Editions de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, 1999), 13
2. Archivi municipali di Imola, Fondo Andrea Costa, corrispondenza Costa-Brousse, file nos. 281, 283, 287, 295, 305, 315, 333. On Andrea Costa see A. Berselli, ed., Andrea Costa nella storia del socialismo italiano (Bologna: University Press, 1982)
3. Paul Brousse, La commune et le parti ouvrier (Paris: Lefèvre, 1882), 3
4. On Brousse's political career see David Stafford, From Anarchism to Reformism. A Study of the Political Activities of Paul Brousse within the First International and the French Socialist Movement 1870-90 (London: University of Toronto Press, 1971)
5. Ernesto Ragionieri, Politica e amministrazione nella storia dell'Italia unita (Rome: Editori Riuniti, 1979)
6. For an international comparison see Maurizio Degl'Innocenti, ed., Le sinistre e il governo locale in Europa dalla fine dell'800 alla seconda guerra mondiale (Pisa: Nistri-Lischi, 1984)
7. On the Parti ouvrier belge (POB) see Marcel Liebman, Les socialistes belges 1885-1914, la révolte et l'organisation (Brussels: Vie ouvrière, 1979)
8. 'Rapport sur le socialisme communal, présenté au nom de la Fédération bruxelloise du Parti Ouvrier', in Internationale ouvrière et socialiste, Congrès socialiste international, Paris, 23-27 septembre 1900 (Geneva: Minkoff reprint, 1980), pp. 1-14
9. E. Vinck, 'Le socialisme municipal en Belgique', Mouvement Socialiste, 28 (15 February 1900), 224-36
10. See the biographical note by Léon Wouters, then director of the Union des Villes et Communes Belges and deputy secretary of the IULA, under Vinck, between the wars: 'Un grand municipaliste, Emile Vinck', Annales de l'Economie Collective (AEC), 39, 453-454 (March-April 1951). Vinck, together with Louis Bertrand, échevin of Scaerbeek, had been instrumental in steering through the POB's municipal programmes
11. Cf. Robert Abs, Louis Bertrand. Militant socialiste (Brussels: Fondation Louis de Brouckère, 1980)
12. For a reconstruction of the debate see Compte rendu sténographique non officiel de la version française du cinquième congrès socialiste international tenu à Paris du 23 au 27 septembre 1900 (Paris: Cahiers de la Quinzaine, 1900), 105
13. E. Vandervelde, Les villes tentaculaires. Conférence organisée par le Groupe des étudiants collectivistes de Paris, le 16 janvier 1899, published as a pamphlet in Paris in 1899
14. Rapport sur la politique fabienne et résolutions présentées par la Société fabienne au Congrès international des Travailleurs socialistes et Trade-Unions, Londres, juillet, 1896, Brochure fabienne no. 70, in Deuxième Internationale, Congrès de Londres (Geneva: Minkoff Reprint, 1980), 581-96
15. On the Fabians see J. MacKenzie and N. MacKenzie, The First Fabians (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1977)
16. Margaret Cole, The Story of Fabian Socialism (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1961)
17. See Schiavi's introduction to the Italian translation of Shaw's The Common Sense of Municipal Trading (Senso comune dell'industria municipale, Rome, 1914)
18. Adrien Veber (1861-1932) was secretary to Benoît Malon, one of the fathers of the 'integral' French socialism which inspired many French municipalists; he drafted the SFIO's flagship municipal programmes. For his opinion on the Fabians see Adrien Veber, Le Socialisme municipal (Paris: V. Giard et E. Brière, 1908), 5
19. G. D. H. Cole, Socialist Thought. The Second International (1889-1914) (Macmillan: London, 1956), 295
20. On London see P. Thompson, Socialists, Liberals and Labour: Struggle for London, 1885-1914 (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1986)
21. C. Malandrino, ed., Una rivista all'avanguardia. La Riforma sociale 1894-1935 (Florence: Olschki, 2000)
22. Verfassung und Verwaltungsorganisation der Städte, Schriften des Vereins für Sozialpolitik, 117-25 (1906-8)
23. Gemeindefinanzen, Schriften, 127-127, 1908-1910
24. Gemeindebetriebe, Schriften, 128-30 (1908-12)
25. See my 'Il dibattito sulla municipalizzazione in Europa dall'inizio del novecento alla Prima guerra mondiale', in A. Berselli, F. Della Peruta and A. Varni, eds., La municipalizzazione in area padana. Storia ed esperienze a confronto (Milan: Franco Angeli, 1987), 221-56
26. E. Milhaud, 'Au seuil de la 50e Annèe des "Annales". Un regard en arrière. Quelques grandes heures des "Annales" et du Ciriec', AEC, 46/535-8 (January-April 1958), 1-6
27. Janet Horne, A Social Laboratory for Modern France. The Musée social and the Rise of the Welfare State (Durham: Duke University Press, 2002)
28. Christophe Prochasson, 'Entre science et action sociale: le "réseau Albert Thomas" et le socialisme normalien, 1900-1914', in Topalov, Laboratoires, 141-58
29. Giovanna Osti, 'La section d'hygiène urbaine et rurale du Musée social', in Katherine Burlen, ed., La Banlieue oasis. Henri Sellier et les cités-jardins, 1900-1940 (Saint-Denis: Presses Universitaires de Vincennes, 1987), 59-68
30. E. Milhaud, 'Au seuil de la 50e annèe'; La Marche au Socialisme (Paris: Grasset, 1920)
31. On the political atmosphere the IULA had to contend with in Spain see Joan-Anton Sanchez de Juan, 'Civitas et Urbs. The Idea of the City and the Historical Imagination of Urban Governance in Spain, 19th-20th Centuries', Ph.D. thesis, European University Institute, 2001
32. For a ground-breaking analysis of the nature of the IULA see Renaud Payre and Pierre-Yves Saunier, 'L'Union Internationale des Villes o l'Internazionale municipale (1913-1940)', Amministrare XXX, 1/2, (January-August 2000), 217-39
33. Oscar Gaspari, 'Alle origini del movimento comunale europeo: dall'Union Internationale des Villes al Consiglio dei comuni d'Europa (1913-1953)', Memoria e Ricerca. Rivista di storia contemporanea, 10 (1997), 147-63
34. E. Milhaud, 'Les communes et les activités économiques et sociales des Nations Unies', AEC, 39/451-2 (January-February 1951), 55-63
35. For an analysis of this juncture see my 'Progetto per un'Internazionale "aclassista": i socialisti nell'organizzazione internazionale del lavoro negli anni Venti', Esperienze e problemi del movimento socialista fra le due guerre mondiali, Fondazione Feltrinelli, Quaderni/34 (Milan: Franco Angeli, 1987), 45-68
36. E. Milhaud, 'Les Communes, les Unions des Communes et l'Union Internationale des Villes devant les problèmes d'organisation de l'économie', AEC, 214-16 (April-June 1927), 101-30
37. Louis Loucheur (1872-1931) was a typical early twentieth-century French secular reformer who contributed decisively to forging a bond between the French radicals and the League of Nations. During the First World War he was under-secretary in the Armaments Ministry, under Thomas, succeeding him in 1917. He worked with Thomas on the industrial reconstruction of France and was a French delegate to the League. In 1928 he introduced the affordable housing bill, a plan for building and siting public housing which caused intense national and international debate. See Stephen D. Carls, Louis Loucher, Engineer, Statesman, Moderniser of France 1872-1931 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1993)
38. E. Milhaud, Nouveau Travail. Nouveaux Débouchés: un projet d'action immédiate contre le chômage et contre la crise (Paris: Maison coopérative du livre, 1933)
39. Une idée en marche. La compensation organisée (Paris: Recueil Sirey, 1935)
40. Le chèque. Compensation internationale devant l'Opinion (Paris: Recueil Sirey, 1935)
41. The journal began to circulate widely in English-speaking circles in the 1930s. At the end of 1938 Annales had 165 subscribers in the US, including 69 university libraries; 41 in Britain (8 universities), 6 in Eire (3 universities), 11 in South Africa (5), 4 in Ceylon, 49 in India (11 universities), 6 in Palestine, 6 in New Zealand (2) and 18 in Australia (3). See Milhaud, 'Les trente ans des Annales', 45
42. The last 1942 edition was effectively a monograph in which Milhaud gave an enthusiastic welcome to the Beveridge Report, Social Insurance and Allied Services, which was published in Britain in December of that year
43. On the first period see my 'Edgard Milhaud e la rivista internazionale "Annales de la régie directe" (1908-1924)', Annali della Fondazione Luigi Einaudi, 19 (1985), 195-249
44. E. Milhaud, 'Le problème de la création d'une institution européenne de crédit communal après la 2e session de la conférence européenne des pouvoirs locaux', AEC, 551-4 (May-August 1959)
45. J. J. Merlot, 'Entreprises intercommunales en Europe', AEC, 458-62 (August-December 1951)