Morphological and systematic reinterpretation of two enigmatic edrioasteroids (Echinodermata) from Canada

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences

Volumn 43, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 497-507

  Sumrall, Colin D ^a   Gahn, Forest J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE   (United States)

^b DEPARTMENT OF PALEOBIOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGY; MORPHOLOGY; PLANETS;

AGELACRINITIDAE; AMBULACRA; DISCOCYSTINAE; DISCOCYSTINID EDRIOASTERIOD; EDRIOASTEROIDS; LISPIDECODUS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; THRESHERODISCUS RAMOSUS FOERSTE;

ASTRONOMY;

ECHINODERM; MORPHOLOGY; ORDOVICIAN; PHYLOGENETICS; TAXONOMY;

CANADA; NORTH AMERICA; ONTARIO;

ECHINODERMATA; EDRIOASTEROIDEA;

EID: 33746428621     PISSN: 00084077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/E05-114     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Bassler, R.S. 1935. The classification of the Edrioasteroidea. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 93, pp. 1-11.
2. Bassler, R.S. 1936. New species of American Edrioasteroidea. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 95, pp. 1-33.
3. Bell, B.M. 1976a. Phylogenetic implications of ontogenetic development in the class Edrioasteroidea (Echinodermata). Journal of Paleontology, 50: 1001-1019.
4. Bell, B.M. 1976b. A study of North American Edrioasteroidea. New York State Museum, Memoir 21.
5. Bell, B.M. 1977. Respiratory schemes in the class Edrioasteroidea. Journal of Paleontology, 51: 619-632.
6. Billings, E. 1854. On some new genera and species of Cystidea from the Trenton Limestone. Canadian Journal, Series 1, 2: 268-274.
7. Billings, E. 1858. On the Asteriadae of the lower Silurian rocks of Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Figures and Descriptions of Canadian Organic Remains, Decade, 3: 75-85.
8. Brett, C.E., and Brookfield, M.E. 1984. Morphology, faunas, and genesis of Ordovician hardgrounds from southern Ontario, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, and Palaeoecology, 46: 233-290.
9. Brett, C.E., and Liddell, W.D. 1978. Preservation and paleoecology of a Middle Ordovician hardground community. Paleobiology, 4: 329-348.
10. Brett, C.E., and Rudkin, D. 1997. Ordovician stratigraphy and trilobite faunas of south central Ontario. Field Trip 3 Guidebook. In Proceeding of the 2nd International Trilobite Conference, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ont., 22-25 August 1997, pp. 1-34.
11. Brett, C.E., and Taylor, W.L. 1999. Middle Ordovician of the Lake Simcoe Area of Ontario, Canada. In Fossil crinoids. Edited by H. Hess, W.I. Ausich, C.E. Brett, and M.H. Simms. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK., pp. 63-74.
12. Brookfield, M.E. 1988. A mid-Ordovician temperate carbonate shelf - the Black River and Trenton Limestone groups of southern Ontario, Canada. Sedimentary Geology, 60: 137-153.
13. Brookfield, M.E., and Brett, C.E. 1988. Paleoenvironments of the Mid-Ordovician (upper Caradocian) Trenton limestones of southern Ontario, Canada: storm sedimentation on a shoal-basin shelf model. Sedimentary Geology, 57: 75-105.
14. Chapman, E.J. 1860. On a new species of Agelacrinites and on the structural relations of that genus. Canadian Journal of Industry, Science, and Art, 5: 358-365.
15. Chatellier, J.Y. 1988. Carboniferous carbonate ramp, the Banff Formation, Alberta, Canada. Bulletin des Centres de Recherches Exploration-Production Elf-Aquitaine, 12: 569-599.
16. Cornell, S., Brett, C.E., and Sumrall, C.D. 2003. Paleoecology and taphonomy of an edrioasteroid-dominated hardground association from tentaculitid limestones in the Early Devonian of New York: a Paleozoic rocky peritidal community. Palaios, 18: 212-224.
17. Ehlers, G.M., and Kesling, R.V. 1958. Cyclic pattern of ambulacral covering plates in Discocystis laudoni and its taxonomic implications. University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology Contributions, 14: 265-267.
18. Foerste, A.F. 1914. Notes on Agelacrinidae and Lepadocystinae, with descriptions of Thresherodiscus and Brockocystis. Denison University Science Laboratory Bulletin, 17: 399-487.
19. Guensburg, T.E., and Sprinkle, J. 1994. Revised phylogeny and functional interpretation of the Edrioasteroidea based on new taxa from the Early and Middle Ordovician of western Utah. Fieldiana (Geology), 29: 1-43.
20. Hall, J. 1866. Descriptions of new species of Crinoidea and other fossils from the Lower Silurian strata of the age of the Hudson River Group and Trenton Limestone. New York State Museum, 20th Annual Report (advance publication).
21. Hall, P., and Sumrall, C.D. 2003. Implications of a constant feeding area to volume ratio in Neoisorophusella lanei (Edrioasteroidea, Echinodermata). Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs, 35: 24-12.
22. Harker, P. 1953. A new edrioasteroid from the Carboniferous of Alberta. Journal of Paleontology, 27: 288-295.
23. Kesling, R.V. 1960. Hydropores in edrioasteroids. University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology Contributions, 15: 139-192.
24. Kesling, R.V. 1967. Edrioasteroid with unique shape from Mississippian strata of Alberta. Journal of Paleontology, 41: 197-202.
25. Kesling, R.V., and Ehlers, G.M. 1958. The edrioasteroid Lepidodiscus squamosus (Meek and Worthen). Journal of Paleontology, 32: 923-932.
26. Kolata, D.R., Frest, T.J., and Mapes, R.H. 1991. The youngest carpoid: occurrence, affinities, and life mode of a Pennsylvanian (Morrowan) mitrate from Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontology, 65: 844-855.
27. Laudon, L.R., Parks, J.M., and Spreng. A.C. 1952. Mississippian crinoid fauna from the Banff Formation, Sunwapta Pass, Alberta. Journal of Paleontology, 26: 544-575.
28. Regnéll, G. 1966. Edrioasteroids. In Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Part U (Echinodermata 3). Edited by R.C. Moore. Geological Society of America, New York, and University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kans., pp. U135-U173.
29. Smith, A.B., and Arbizu, M.A. 1987. Inverse development in a Devonian edrioasteroid from Spain and the phylogeny of the Agelacrinitidae. Lethaia, 20: 49-62.
30. Spreng, A.C. 1953. Mississippian cyclic sedimentation, Sunwapta Pass area, Alberta, Canada. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 37: 665-689.
31. Springer, F. 1911. On a Trenton echinoderm fauna at Kirkfield, Ontario. Canada Department of Mines, Memoir 15-P.
32. Sprinkle, J. 1973. Morphology and evolution of blastozoan echinoderms. Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass., Special Publication.
33. Sumrall, C.D. 1993. Thecal designs in isorophinid edrioasteroids. Lethaia, 26: 289-302.
34. Sumrall, C.D. 1996. Late Paleozoic edrioasteroids from the North American mid-continent. Journal of Paleontology, 70: 969-985.
35. Sumrall, C.D. 2001. Paleoecology and taphonomy of two new edrioasteroids from a Mississippian hardground in Kentucky. Journal of Paleontology, 75, 136-146.
36. Sumrall, C.D., and Bowsher, A.L. 1996. Giganticlavus, a new genus of Pennsylvanian edrioasteroid from North America. Journal of Paleontology, 70: 986-993.
37. Sumrall, C.D., and Parsley, R.L. 2003. Morphology and biomechanical implications of isolated discocystinid plates (Edrioasteroida, Echinodermata) from the Carboniferous of North America. Palaeontology, 46: 113-138.
38. Sumrall, C.D., Garbisch, J., and Pope, J.P. 2000. The systematics of postibullinid edrioasteroids. Journal of Paleontology, 74: 72-83.
39. Sumrall, C.D., Brett, C.E., and Cornell, S. 2006. The systematics and ontogeny of Pyrgopostibulla belli, a new edrioasteroid (Echinodermata) from the Lower Devonian of New York. Journal of Paleontology, 80: 187-192.
40. Swofford, D.L. 2002. PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (* and other methods). Version 4.0b10. Sinauer Associates Inc., Sunderland, Mass.
41. Waddington, J.B. 1980. A soft-substrate community with edrioasteroids from the Verulam Formation (Middle Ordovician) at Cambridge, Ontario, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 17: 674-679.
42. Webster, G.D. 1989. Tournaisian and early Visean crinoid faunas of western North America. In Compte Rendu: 11th International Congress on Carboniferous Stratigraphy and Geology, Beijing, China, 31 August - 4 September 1987. Edited by J. Yugan and L. Chun. Nanjing University Press, Beijing, China, Vol. 2, pp. 376-381.