Rising under-5 mortality in Africa: Who bears the brunt?

Tropical Medicine and International Health

Volumn 11, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 1218-1227

  Houweling, Tanja A J ^a   Kunst, Anton E ^a   Moser, Kath ^b   Mackenbach, Johan P ^a  

^a ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Africa; Health care utilization; Health inequality; Malnutrition; Trends; Under 5 mortality

Indexed keywords

CHILD MORTALITY; DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEY; HEALTH CARE; HEALTH SURVEY; LIVING STANDARD; MALNUTRITION; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RURAL POPULATION; SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS; URBAN POPULATION;

ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT; AFRICA; ARTICLE; BURKINA FASO; CAMEROON; CHILD; CHILD HEALTH; CHILDHOOD MORTALITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; COTE D'IVOIRE; DEMOGRAPHY; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; IMMUNIZATION; KENYA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALNUTRITION; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; RURAL AREA; SOCIOECONOMICS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; URBAN AREA; ZIMBABWE;

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; CHILD NUTRITION DISORDERS; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; IMMUNIZATION; INFANT; INFANT MORTALITY; INFANT NUTRITION DISORDERS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; RURAL HEALTH; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; URBAN HEALTH;

AFRICA; BURKINA FASO; CAMEROON; COTE D'IVOIRE; EAST AFRICA; KENYA; SOUTHERN AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; WEST AFRICA; ZIMBABWE;

EID: 33746403360     PISSN: 13602276     EISSN: 13653156     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01676.x     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Adetunji J (2000) Trends in under-5 mortality rates and the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 78, 1200-1206.
2. Ahmad OB, Lopez AD & Inoue M (2000) The decline in child mortality: a reappraisal. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 78, 1175-1191.
3. Alwang J, Mills BF & Taruvinga N (2002) Why has Poverty Increased in Zimbabwe? Poverty Dynamics in Africa Series. The World Bank, Washington.
4. Bicego GT & Boerma JT (1993) Maternal education and child survival: a comparative study of survey data from 17 countries. Social Science and Medicine 36, 1207-1227.
5. Bishai D, Koenig M & Ali Khan M (2003) Measles vaccination improves the equity of health outcomes: evidence from Bangladesh. Health Economics 12, 415-419.
6. Black RE, Morris SS & Bryce J (2003) Where and why are 10 million children dying every year? Lancet 361, 2226-2234.
7. Brinkmann U & Brinkmann A (1991) Malaria and health in Africa: the present situation and epidemiological trends. Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 42 204-213.
8. Central Bureau of Statistics and Human Resources and Social Services Departments (2000) Poverty in Kenya: Volume I - Incidence and Depth of Poverty. Ministry of Finance and Planning Kenya.
9. Central Statistical Office (Zambia), Central Board of Health (Zambia) and ORC Macro (2003) Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002. Central Statistical Office, Central Board of Health, and ORC, Calverton, Maryland.
10. Delaunay V, Etard JF, Preziosi MP, Marra A & Simondon F (2001) Decline of infant and child mortality rates in rural Senegal over a 37-year period (1963-1999). International Journal of Epidemiology 30, 1286-1293.
11. Efron B & Tibshirani RJ (1993) An Introduction to the Bootstrap. Chapman & Hall, New York.
12. Gwatkin DR, Rutstein S, Johnson K, Pande RP & Wagstaff A (2000) Socio-Economic Differences in Health, Nutrition, and Population. The World Bank, Washington.
13. Korenromp E, Arnold F, Williams B, Nahlen B & Snow R (2004) Monitoring trends in under-5 mortality rates through national birth history surveys. International Journal of Epidemiology 33, 1-9.
14. Mahy M (2003) Measuring Child Mortality in AIDS-Affected Countries. Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations Secretariat, New York.
15. Obungu W, Kizito PM & Bicego G (1994) Trends, Age Patterns, and Determinants of Early Childhood Mortality in Kenya. Macro International Inc, Calverton, MA, USA.
16. Snow RW, Trape JF & Marsh K (2001) The past, present and future of childhood malaria mortality in Africa. Trends in Parasitology 17, 593-597.
17. Tanzania Commission for AIDS (TACAIDS), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and ORC Macro (2005) Tanzania HIV/AIDS Indicator Survey 2003-2004. TACAIDS, NBS, and ORC Macro, Calverton, Maryland.
18. UNICEF (2004) The State of the World's Children 2005: Childhood Under Threat. UNICEF, New York.
19. Victora CG, Vaughan JP, Barros FC, Silva AC & Tomasi E (2000) Explaining trends in inequities: evidence from Brazilian child health studies. Lancet 356, 1093-1098.
20. Walker N, Schwartlander B & Bryce J (2002) Meeting international goals in child survival and HIV/AIDS. Lancet 360, 284-289.
21. WHO (2003) The World Health Report 2003: Shaping the Future. WHO, Geneva.
22. WHO & UNICEF (2003) The Africa Malaria Report 2003. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), New York.
23. DHS data are available at http://www.measuredhs.com.
24. HIV prevalence data are available at http://www.odci.gov/cia/ publications/factbook/fields/2155.html.
25. Zaba B, Marston M & Floyd S (2004) The Effect of HIV on Child Mortality Trends in sub-Saharan Africa. Paper presented at workshop on HIV/AIDS and adult mortality in developing countries. New York, 8-13 September 2003. Also available at: http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/adultmort/Zaba.pdf.