-
1
-
-
0035464222
-
Effects of violent video games on aggressive behavior, aggressive cognition, aggressive affect, physiological arousal, and prosocial behavior: A meta-analytic review of the scientific literature
-
Anderson CA, Bushman BJ. 2001, Effects of violent video games on aggressive behavior, aggressive cognition, aggressive affect, physiological arousal, and prosocial behavior: A meta-analytic review of the scientific literature. Psychol Sci 12:353-359.
-
(2001)
Psychol Sci
, vol.12
, pp. 353-359
-
-
Anderson, C.A.1
Bushman, B.J.2
-
2
-
-
0034171141
-
Video games and aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behavior in laboratory and in Life
-
Anderson CA, Dill KE. 2000. Video games and aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behavior in laboratory and in Life. J Pers Soc Psychol 78:772-790.
-
(2000)
J Pers Soc Psychol
, vol.78
, pp. 772-790
-
-
Anderson, C.A.1
Dill, K.E.2
-
3
-
-
0000732987
-
Affect of the game player: Shortterm effects of highly and mildly aggressive video games
-
Anderson CA, Ford CM. 1986. Affect of the game player: Shortterm effects of highly and mildly aggressive video games. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 12:390-402.
-
(1986)
Pers Soc Psychol Bull
, vol.12
, pp. 390-402
-
-
Anderson, C.A.1
Ford, C.M.2
-
4
-
-
21844485235
-
Competitive aggression without interaction: Effects of competitive versus cooperative instructions on aggressive behavior in video games
-
Anderson CA, Morrow M. 1995. Competitive aggression without interaction: Effects of competitive versus cooperative instructions on aggressive behavior in video games. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 21: 1020-1030.
-
(1995)
Pers Soc Psychol Bull
, vol.21
, pp. 1020-1030
-
-
Anderson, C.A.1
Morrow, M.2
-
5
-
-
33645275657
-
The relationship between playing violent electronic games and aggression in adolescents
-
Martinez M (ed): New York: Kluwer Academic/ Plenum
-
Arriaga-Ferreira PA, Ribeiro JPL. 2001. The relationship between playing violent electronic games and aggression in adolescents. In: Martinez M (ed): "Prevention and Control of Aggression and the Impact on its Victims," New York: Kluwer Academic/ Plenum, pp 129-135.
-
(2001)
Prevention and Control of Aggression and the Impact on Its Victims
, pp. 129-135
-
-
Arriaga-Ferreira, P.A.1
Ribeiro, J.P.L.2
-
6
-
-
0030589981
-
™: The effects of violent videogame play on males, hostility and cardiovascular responding
-
™: The effects of violent videogame play on males, hostility and cardiovascular responding. J Appl Soc Psychol 26:717-730.
-
(1996)
J Appl Soc Psychol
, vol.26
, pp. 717-730
-
-
Ballard, M.E.1
Wiest, J.R.2
-
8
-
-
0023020183
-
The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations
-
Baron RM, Kenny DA. 1986. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol 51:1173-1182.
-
(1986)
J Pers Soc Psychol
, vol.51
, pp. 1173-1182
-
-
Baron, R.M.1
Kenny, D.A.2
-
9
-
-
0036264351
-
Effects of violent video games on aggressive behavior: Potential sex differences
-
Bartholow BD, Anderson CA. 2002. Effects of violent video games on aggressive behavior: Potential sex differences. J Exp Soc Psychol 38:283-290.
-
(2002)
J Exp Soc Psychol
, vol.38
, pp. 283-290
-
-
Bartholow, B.D.1
Anderson, C.A.2
-
10
-
-
0031768898
-
Physiologic measures of emotion
-
Bauer RM. 1998. Physiologic measures of emotion. J Clin Neuro-physiol 15:388-396.
-
(1998)
J Clin Neuro-physiol
, vol.15
, pp. 388-396
-
-
Bauer, R.M.1
-
11
-
-
0021420310
-
Some effects of thoughts on anti- And prosocial influence of media events: A cognitive neoassociationist analysis
-
Berkowitz L. 1984. Some effects of thoughts on anti- and prosocial influence of media events: A cognitive neoassociationist analysis. Psychol Bull 95:410-427.
-
(1984)
Psychol Bull
, vol.95
, pp. 410-427
-
-
Berkowitz, L.1
-
12
-
-
0028307950
-
Measuring emotion: The self-assessment Manikin and the semantic differential
-
Bradley MM, Lang PJ. 1994. Measuring emotion: The self-assessment Manikin and the semantic differential. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 25:49-59.
-
(1994)
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry
, vol.25
, pp. 49-59
-
-
Bradley, M.M.1
Lang, P.J.2
-
14
-
-
0019862732
-
Television viewing and anxiety: An experimental investigation
-
Bryant J, Carveth RA, Brown D. 1981. Television viewing and anxiety: An experimental investigation. J Commun 31:106-119.
-
(1981)
J Commun
, vol.31
, pp. 106-119
-
-
Bryant, J.1
Carveth, R.A.2
Brown, D.3
-
15
-
-
0029411778
-
Moderating role of trait aggressiveness in the effects of violent media on aggression
-
Bushman BJ. 1995. Moderating role of trait aggressiveness in the effects of violent media on aggression. J Pers Soc Psychol 69: 950-960.
-
(1995)
J Pers Soc Psychol
, vol.69
, pp. 950-960
-
-
Bushman, B.J.1
-
16
-
-
0035378706
-
Media violence and the American public: Scientific facts versus media misinformation
-
Bushman BJ, Anderson CA. 2001. Media violence and the American public: Scientific facts versus media misinformation. Am Psychol 56:477-489.
-
(2001)
Am Psychol
, vol.56
, pp. 477-489
-
-
Bushman, B.J.1
Anderson, C.A.2
-
17
-
-
0024984671
-
Role of cognitive-emotional mediators and individual differences in the effects of media violence on aggression
-
Bushman BJ, Geen RG. 1990. Role of cognitive-emotional mediators and individual differences in the effects of media violence on aggression. J Pers Soc Psychol 58:156-163.
-
(1990)
J Pers Soc Psychol
, vol.58
, pp. 156-163
-
-
Bushman, B.J.1
Geen, R.G.2
-
19
-
-
43949155009
-
Impact of virtual reality on young adults, physiological arousal and aggressive thoughts: Interaction versus observation
-
Calvert SL, Tan SL. 1994. Impact of virtual reality on young adults, physiological arousal and aggressive thoughts: Interaction versus observation. J Appl Dev Psychol 15:125-139.
-
(1994)
J Appl Dev Psychol
, vol.15
, pp. 125-139
-
-
Calvert, S.L.1
Tan, S.L.2
-
21
-
-
84934473931
-
Video games and aggression in children
-
Cooper J, Mackie D. 1986. Video games and aggression in children. J Appl Soc Psychol 16:726-744.
-
(1986)
J Appl Soc Psychol
, vol.16
, pp. 726-744
-
-
Cooper, J.1
Mackie, D.2
-
22
-
-
0000274880
-
Situational stress as a consequence of sex stereotyped software
-
Cooper J, Hall J, Huff C. 1990. Situational stress as a consequence of sex stereotyped software. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 16:419-429.
-
(1990)
Pers Soc Psychol Bull
, vol.16
, pp. 419-429
-
-
Cooper, J.1
Hall, J.2
Huff, C.3
-
23
-
-
33645325045
-
Mortal Kombat and computer game girls
-
Bazalgette C, Buchingham D (eds): London: British Film Institute
-
Cunningham H. 1995. Mortal Kombat and computer game girls. In: Bazalgette C, Buchingham D (eds): "In Front of the Children: Screen Entertainment and Young Audiences," London: British Film Institute, pp 188-200.
-
(1995)
In front of the Children: Screen Entertainment and Young Audiences
, pp. 188-200
-
-
Cunningham, H.1
-
24
-
-
0001953938
-
The electrodermal system
-
Cacioppo JT, Tassinary LG, Bernston GG (eds): Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
-
Dawson ME, Schell AM, Filion DL. 2000. The electrodermal system. In: Cacioppo JT, Tassinary LG, Bernston GG (eds): "Handbook of Psychophysiology," Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp 200-223.
-
(2000)
Handbook of Psychophysiology
, pp. 200-223
-
-
Dawson, M.E.1
Schell, A.M.2
Filion, D.L.3
-
25
-
-
0032369821
-
An examination of violence and gender role portrayals in video games: Implications for gender socialization and aggressive behavior
-
Dietz TL. 1998. An examination of violence and gender role portrayals in video games: Implications for gender socialization and aggressive behavior. Sex Roles 38:425-442.
-
(1998)
Sex Roles
, vol.38
, pp. 425-442
-
-
Dietz, T.L.1
-
26
-
-
0002018114
-
Social information-processing bases of aggressive behavior in children
-
Dodge KA, Crick NR. 1990. Social information-processing bases of aggressive behavior in children. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 16:8-22.
-
(1990)
Pers Soc Psychol Bull
, vol.16
, pp. 8-22
-
-
Dodge, K.A.1
Crick, N.R.2
-
27
-
-
0001219435
-
Does media violence increase children's tolerance of real-life aggression?
-
Drabman RS, Thomas MH. 1974. Does media violence increase children's tolerance of real-life aggression? Dev Psychol 10: 418-421.
-
(1974)
Dev Psychol
, vol.10
, pp. 418-421
-
-
Drabman, R.S.1
Thomas, M.H.2
-
28
-
-
33746142408
-
-
Retrived 2 January 2005
-
Entertainment Software Rating Board. 2005. ESRB game ratings. Retrived 2 January 2005, from http://www.esrb.org/esrbratings.asp
-
(2005)
ESRB Game Ratings
-
-
-
30
-
-
0026347075
-
Can Mario Bros. Help? Nintendo games as an adjunct in psychotherapy with children
-
Gardner JE. 1991. Can Mario Bros. Help? Nintendo games as an adjunct in psychotherapy with children. Psychotherapy 28: 667-670.
-
(1991)
Psychotherapy
, vol.28
, pp. 667-670
-
-
Gardner, J.E.1
-
31
-
-
0004213144
-
-
Pacific Grove, CA: McGraw-Hill
-
Geen RG. 1990. "Human Aggression," Pacific Grove, CA: McGraw-Hill.
-
(1990)
Human Aggression
-
-
Geen, R.G.1
-
32
-
-
0010413729
-
The catharsis of aggression: An evaluation of a hypothesis
-
Berkowitz L (ed): New York: Academic Press
-
Geen RG, Quantly MB. 1977. The catharsis of aggression: An evaluation of a hypothesis. In: Berkowitz L (ed): "Advances in Experimental Social Psychology," Vol. 10. New York: Academic Press, pp 1-37.
-
(1977)
Advances in Experimental Social Psychology
, vol.10
, pp. 1-37
-
-
Geen, R.G.1
Quantly, M.B.2
-
34
-
-
0000415093
-
Effects of playing violent versus nonviolent video games on the aggressive ideation of aggressive and nonaggressive children
-
Graybill D, Kirsch JR, Esselman ED. 1985. Effects of playing violent versus nonviolent video games on the aggressive ideation of aggressive and nonaggressive children. Child Study J 15:199-205.
-
(1985)
Child Study J
, vol.15
, pp. 199-205
-
-
Graybill, D.1
Kirsch, J.R.2
Esselman, E.D.3
-
35
-
-
0029026184
-
The effect of type A personality on physiological arousal while playing computer games
-
Griffiths MD, Dancaster I. 1995. The effect of type A personality on physiological arousal while playing computer games. Addict Behav 20:543-548.
-
(1995)
Addict Behav
, vol.20
, pp. 543-548
-
-
Griffiths, M.D.1
Dancaster, I.2
-
36
-
-
0141600354
-
Video games and the pleasures of control
-
Zillmann D, Vorderer P (eds): London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
-
Grodal T. 2000. Video games and the pleasures of control. In: Zillmann D, Vorderer P (eds): "Media Entertainment: The Psychology of its Appeal," London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp 197-213.
-
(2000)
Media Entertainment: The Psychology of Its Appeal
, pp. 197-213
-
-
Grodal, T.1
-
37
-
-
84993924300
-
Psychological processes promoting the relation between exposure to media violence and aggressive behavior by the viewer
-
Huesmann LR. 1986. Psychological processes promoting the relation between exposure to media violence and aggressive behavior by the viewer. J Soc Issues 42:125-139.
-
(1986)
J Soc Issues
, vol.42
, pp. 125-139
-
-
Huesmann, L.R.1
-
38
-
-
33645286109
-
Videogames: Transitional phenomena in adolescence
-
Hull JW. 1985. Videogames: Transitional phenomena in adolescence. Child Adolescent Soc Work J 2:106-113.
-
(1985)
Child Adolescent Soc Work J
, vol.2
, pp. 106-113
-
-
Hull, J.W.1
-
39
-
-
21844520663
-
Cognitive tempo, violent video games, and aggressive behavior in young boys
-
Irwin AR, Gross AM. 1995. Cognitive tempo, violent video games, and aggressive behavior in young boys. J Fam Violence 10: 337-350.
-
(1995)
J Fam Violence
, vol.10
, pp. 337-350
-
-
Irwin, A.R.1
Gross, A.M.2
-
41
-
-
2842566971
-
Seeing the world through Mortal Kombat-colored glasses: Violent video games and the development of a short-term hostile attribution bias
-
Kirsh SJ. 1998. Seeing the world through Mortal Kombat-colored glasses: Violent video games and the development of a short-term hostile attribution bias. Childhood: Global J Child Res 5: 177-184.
-
(1998)
Childhood: Global J Child Res
, vol.5
, pp. 177-184
-
-
Kirsh, S.J.1
-
42
-
-
84985155808
-
The effects of multiple exposures to filmed violence against women
-
Linz DG, Donnerstein E, Penrod S. 1984. The effects of multiple exposures to filmed violence against women. J Commun 34: 130-147.
-
(1984)
J Commun
, vol.34
, pp. 130-147
-
-
Linz, D.G.1
Donnerstein, E.2
Penrod, S.3
-
43
-
-
0024120497
-
Effects of long-term exposure to violent and sexually degrading depictions of women
-
Linz DG, Donnerstein E, Penrod S. 1988. Effects of long-term exposure to violent and sexually degrading depictions of women. J Pers Soc Psychol 55:758-768.
-
(1988)
J Pers Soc Psychol
, vol.55
, pp. 758-768
-
-
Linz, D.G.1
Donnerstein, E.2
Penrod, S.3
-
44
-
-
84937317053
-
Children's tolerance of real-life aggression after exposure to media violence: A replication of the Drabman and Thomas studies
-
Molitor F, Hirsch KW. 1994. Children's tolerance of real-life aggression after exposure to media violence: A replication of the Drabman and Thomas studies. Child Study J 24: 191-207.
-
(1994)
Child Study J
, vol.24
, pp. 191-207
-
-
Molitor, F.1
Hirsch, K.W.2
-
45
-
-
33645288184
-
Meios de comunicação social e construção da realidade social: Crescer com a violência televisiva em Portugal
-
Monteiro MB. 1999. Meios de comunicação social e construção da realidade social: Crescer com a violência televisiva em Portugal (Mass media and the construction of social reality. Growing up with television violence in Portugal). Psicologia 7:321-339.
-
(1999)
Psicologia
, vol.7
, pp. 321-339
-
-
Monteiro, M.B.1
-
46
-
-
84965400467
-
The effects of television violence on antisocial behavior: A meta-analysis
-
Paik H, Comstock G. 1994. The effects of television violence on antisocial behavior: A meta-analysis. Commun Res 21: 516-546.
-
(1994)
Commun Res
, vol.21
, pp. 516-546
-
-
Paik, H.1
Comstock, G.2
-
47
-
-
0031173071
-
Children and videogames: Leisure activities, aggression, social integration, and school performance
-
Schie EGMV, Wiegman O. 1997. Children and videogames: Leisure activities, aggression, social integration, and school performance. J Appl Soc Psychol 27:1175-1194.
-
(1997)
J Appl Soc Psychol
, vol.27
, pp. 1175-1194
-
-
Schie, E.1
Wiegman, O.2
-
48
-
-
0035402241
-
The effects of violent video games on aggression: A meta-analysis
-
Sherry J. 2001. The effects of violent video games on aggression: A meta-analysis. Hum Commun Res 27:409-431.
-
(2001)
Hum Commun Res
, vol.27
, pp. 409-431
-
-
Sherry, J.1
-
49
-
-
0007086616
-
The relationship of television viewing with attitude strength and extremety: Implications for the cultivation effect
-
Shrum LJ. 1999. The relationship of television viewing with attitude strength and extremety: Implications for the cultivation effect. Media Psychol 1:3-25.
-
(1999)
Media Psychol
, vol.1
, pp. 3-25
-
-
Shrum, L.J.1
-
50
-
-
0009118517
-
Television's mean and dangerous world: A continuation of the cultural indicators perspective
-
Signorielli N, Morgan M (eds): Newbury Park, CA: Sage
-
Signorielli N. 1990. Television's mean and dangerous world: A continuation of the cultural indicators perspective. In: Signorielli N, Morgan M (eds): "Cultivation Analysis: New Directions in Media Effects Research," Newbury Park, CA: Sage, pp 85-106.
-
(1990)
Cultivation Analysis: New Directions in Media Effects Research
, pp. 85-106
-
-
Signorielli, N.1
-
51
-
-
27744563885
-
Prime-time violence 1993-2001: Has the picture really changed?
-
Signorielli N. 2003. Prime-time violence 1993-2001: Has the picture really changed? J Broadcast Electron Media 47:36-57.
-
(2003)
J Broadcast Electron Media
, vol.47
, pp. 36-57
-
-
Signorielli, N.1
-
52
-
-
38249035410
-
The effects of video game play on young children's aggression, fantasy, and prosocial behavior
-
Silvern SB, Williamson PA. 1987. The effects of video game play on young children's aggression, fantasy, and prosocial behavior. J Appl Dev Psychol 8:453-462.
-
(1987)
J Appl Dev Psychol
, vol.8
, pp. 453-462
-
-
Silvern, S.B.1
Williamson, P.A.2
-
53
-
-
33645290417
-
São os homens mais agressives que as mulheres?
-
Simões A. 1993. São os homens mais agressives que as mulheres? Rev Portuguesa de Pedagogia 3:387-404.
-
(1993)
Rev Portuguesa de Pedagogia
, vol.3
, pp. 387-404
-
-
Simões, A.1
-
54
-
-
20444458145
-
Popular video games: Quantifying the presentation of violence and its context
-
Smith SL, Lachlan KA, Tamborini R. 2003. Popular video games: Quantifying the presentation of violence and its context. J Broadcast Electron Media 47:58-76.
-
(2003)
J Broadcast Electron Media
, vol.47
, pp. 58-76
-
-
Smith, S.L.1
Lachlan, K.A.2
Tamborini, R.3
-
55
-
-
0003586065
-
-
Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press
-
Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene R, Vagg PR, Jacobs GA. 1983. "Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory: STAI (Form Y)," Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
-
(1983)
Manual for the State-trait Anxiety Inventory: STAI (Form Y)
-
-
Spielberger, C.D.1
Gorsuch, R.L.2
Lushene, R.3
Vagg, P.R.4
Jacobs, G.A.5
-
56
-
-
0041181134
-
Human factors issues in virtual environments: A review of the literature
-
Stanney KM, Mourant RR, Kennedy RS. 1998. Human factors issues in virtual environments: A review of the literature. Presence 7:327-351.
-
(1998)
Presence
, vol.7
, pp. 327-351
-
-
Stanney, K.M.1
Mourant, R.R.2
Kennedy, R.S.3
-
57
-
-
33645281875
-
Hostile thoughts, presence and violent virtual video games
-
Association sacot IC (ed): Washington, DC
-
Tamborini R, Eastin M, Lachlan K, Skalski P, Fediuk T, Brady R. 2001. Hostile thoughts, presence and violent virtual video games. In: Association sacot IC (ed): "51st Annual Convention of the International Communication Association," Washington, DC.
-
(2001)
51st Annual Convention of the International Communication Association
-
-
Tamborini, R.1
Eastin, M.2
Lachlan, K.3
Skalski, P.4
Fediuk, T.5
Brady, R.6
-
58
-
-
0017498940
-
Desensitization to portrayals of real-life aggression as a function of exposure to television violence
-
Thomas MH, Horton RW, Lippincott EC, Drabman RS. 1977. Desensitization to portrayals of real-life aggression as a function of exposure to television violence. J Pers Soc Psychol 35:450-458.
-
(1977)
J Pers Soc Psychol
, vol.35
, pp. 450-458
-
-
Thomas, M.H.1
Horton, R.W.2
Lippincott, E.C.3
Drabman, R.S.4
-
60
-
-
0032234794
-
Correlation of physiological arousal and immersion levels in virtual worlds
-
Riva G, Wiederhold BK (eds): Amsterdam: IOS Press
-
Wiederhold BK, Davis R, Wiederhold MD. 1998. Correlation of physiological arousal and immersion levels in virtual worlds. In: Riva G, Wiederhold BK (eds): "Virtual Environments in Clinical Psychology and Neuroscience: Methods and Techniques in Advanced Patient-Therapist Interaction," Amsterdam: IOS Press, pp 52-60.
-
(1998)
Virtual Environments in Clinical Psychology and Neuroscience: Methods and Techniques in Advanced Patient-Therapist Interaction
, pp. 52-60
-
-
Wiederhold, B.K.1
Davis, R.2
Wiederhold, M.D.3
-
61
-
-
0023178134
-
Personality factors, subject gender, and the effects of aggressive video games on aggression in adolescents
-
Winkel M, Novak DM, Hopson H. 1987. Personality factors, subject gender, and the effects of aggressive video games on aggression in adolescents. J Res Pers 21:211-223.
-
(1987)
J Res Pers
, vol.21
, pp. 211-223
-
-
Winkel, M.1
Novak, D.M.2
Hopson, H.3
-
62
-
-
0026161342
-
Effects of media violence on viewers, aggression in unconstrained social interaction
-
Wood W, Wong F, Chachere O. 1991. Effects of media violence on viewers, aggression in unconstrained social interaction. Psychol Bull 109:371-383.
-
(1991)
Psychol Bull
, vol.109
, pp. 371-383
-
-
Wood, W.1
Wong, F.2
Chachere, O.3
-
63
-
-
85068053006
-
Television viewing and physiological arousal
-
Bryant JZD (ed): Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
-
Zillmann D. 1991. Television viewing and physiological arousal. In: Bryant JZD (ed): "Responding to the Screen: Reception and Reaction Processes," Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, pp 103-133.
-
(1991)
Responding to the Screen: Reception and Reaction Processes
, pp. 103-133
-
-
Zillmann, D.1
-
64
-
-
33749637060
-
Does the tragic drama have a redeeming value?
-
Zillmann D. 1998. Does the tragic drama have a redeeming value? Spiel 17:4-14.
-
(1998)
Spiel
, vol.17
, pp. 4-14
-
-
Zillmann, D.1
-
65
-
-
0031138843
-
Psychoticism in the effect of prolonged exposure to gratuitous media violence on the acceptance of violence as a preferred means of conflict resolution
-
Zillmann D, Weaver JB. 1997. Psychoticism in the effect of prolonged exposure to gratuitous media violence on the acceptance of violence as a preferred means of conflict resolution. Pers Indiv Differ 22:613-627.
-
(1997)
Pers Indiv Differ
, vol.22
, pp. 613-627
-
-
Zillmann, D.1
Weaver, J.B.2
|