From subsistence to commercial fishing in Northern Canada: The experience of an Inuk entrepreneur

British Food Journal

Volumn 108, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 502-521

  Gombay, Nicole ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Canada; Fishing; Hunting

Indexed keywords

EID: 33746033348     PISSN: 0007070X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/00070700610676343     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Balikci, A. (1964), Development of Basic Socio-Economic Units in Two Eskimo Communities, National Museum of Canada, Ottawa.
2. Bennett, D. (1982), “Subsistence versus commercial use: the meaning of these words in relation to hunting and fishing by Canada's native peoples”, working paper No. 3, Canadian Arctic Resources Committee (CARC), Ottawa.
3. Berger, T. (1991), “The last redoubt: the survival of subsistence”, A Long and Terrible Shadow: White Values and Native Rights in the Americas since 1492, Douglas and McIntyre Ltd, Vancouver, pp. 126-39.
4. Bodenhorn, B. (1990), “‘I'm not the great hunter, my wife is’, Iñupiat and anthropological models of gender”, Études/Inuit/Studies, Vol. 14 Nos 1-2, pp. 55-74.
5. Bodenhorn, B. (2000), “It's good to know who your relatives are but we were taught to share with everybody: shares and sharing among Inupiaq households”, in Wenzel, G.W., Hovelsrud-Broda, G. and Kishigami, N. (Eds), The Social Economy of Sharing: Resource Allocation and Modern Hunter-Gatherers, Senri Ethnological Studies, No. 53, National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, pp. 27-60.
6. Brascoupé, S. (1993), “Strengthening traditional economies and perspectives”, Sharing the Harvest; The Road to Self-reliance: Report of the National Round Table on Aboriginal Economic Development and Resources, Ministry of Supply and Services Canada, Ottawa, pp. 101-19.
7. Brody, H. (2000), The Other Side of Eden: Hunters, Farmers and the Shaping of the World, Douglas and McIntyre Ltd, Vancouver.
8. Canadian Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (RCAP) (1996), “Economic development”, Report of the RCAP. Restructuring The Relationship 2, Part 2, Ch. 5, Ministry of Supply and Services Canada, Ottawa, pp. 775-996.
9. Cesa, Y. (2002), “Echange commercial et usages monétaires non-marchands dans le cadre du programme d'aide aux chasseurs du Nunavik”, Études/Inuit/Studies, Vol. 26 No. 2, pp. 175-86.
10. Chabot, M. (2001), “De la production domestique au marché: l'économie contemporaine des familles Inuit du Nunavik”, PhD dissertation, Université Laval, Quebec.
11. Collings, P., Wenzel, G.W. and Condon, R.G. (1998), “Modern food sharing networks and community integration in the central Canadian Arctic”, Arctic, Vol. 51 No. 4, pp. 301-14.
12. Condon, R.G., Collings, P. and Wenzel, G.W. (1995), “The best part of life: subsistence hunting, ethnicity, and economic adaptation among young adult Inuit males”, Arctic, Vol. 28 No. 1, pp. 31-46.
13. Damas, D. (2002), Arctic Migrants/Arctic Villagers: The Transformation of Inuit Settlement in the Central Arctic, McGill-Queen's University Press, Montreal.
14. Dorais, L.-J. (1997), Quaqtaq: Modernity and Identity in an Inuit Community, University of Toronto Press, Toronto.
15. Dragon, J. (1999), Commercial Harvesting of Wild Ungulates in Northern Canada, Northern Eden: Community-based Wildlife Management in Canada, Evaluating Eden Series No 2, Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton and the International Institute for Environment and Development, Alberta.
16. Duffy, R.Q. (1988), The Road to Nunavut, McGill-Queen's University Press, Montreal.
17. Duhaime, G. (1990), “La chasse Inuit subventionnée: tradition et modernité”, Recherches Sociographiques, Vol. 31 No. 1, pp. 45-62.
18. Duhaime, G., Fréchette, P., Langlais, J.-F. and Strong, T.L. (2000), Nunavik Comparative Price Index, GETIC, Université Laval, Québec.
19. Dybbroe, S. (1996), “Questions of identity and issues of self-determination”, Études/Inuit/Studies, Vol. 20 No. 2, pp. 39-53.
20. Employment and Training Department, Kativik Regional Government (1999), Unpublished Labour Market Statistics, Kativik Regional Government, Kuujjuaq.
21. Employment and Training Department, Kativik Regional Government (2000), Annual Report 1999-2000, Kativik Regional Government, Kuujjuaq.
22. George, J. (1998), “Commercial char harvest sparks furor in Nunavik”, Nunatsiaq News, September 10, available at: www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut980930/nvt80911_061.htm (accessed March 15, 2006).
23. Gombay, N. (2003), “Making a living: place and the commoditisation of country foods in a Nunavik community”, PhD dissertation, Queen's University, Kingston.
24. Gombay, N. (2005), “The commoditisation of country foods in Nunavik: a comparative assessment of its development, applications, and significance”, Arctic, Vol. 58 No. 2, pp. 115-28.
25. Government of Québec (1982), An Act Respecting the Support Program for Inuit Beneficiaries of the James Bay and Northern Québec Agreement for Their Hunting, Fishing and Trapping Activities, Bill 83 Ch. 47, passed by the National Assembly of Québec, Québec.
26. Government of Québec (1998), The James Bay and Northern Québec Agreement: Agreement between the Government of Québec, the Grand Council of the Crees (of Québec), the Northern Québec Inuit Association, and the Government of Canada, Editeur officiel du Québec, Québec.
27. Hensel, C. (1996), Telling Our Selves: Ethnicity and Discourse in Southwestern Alaska, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
28. Hovelsrud-Broda, G. (1997), “Arctic seal-hunting households and the anti-sealing controversy”, Research in Economic Anthropology, Vol. 18, pp. 17-34.
29. Hovelsrud-Broda, G. (2000), “‘Sharing’, transfers, transactions and the concept of generalized reciprocity”, in Wenzel, G.W., Hovelsrud-Broda, G. and Kishigami, N. (Eds), The Social Economy of Sharing: Resource Allocation and Modern Hunter-Gatherers, Senri Ethnological Studies, No. 53, National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, pp. 193-214.
30. Iglauer, E. (2000), Inuit Journey: The Co-operative Adventure in Canada's North, Harbour Publishing, Madeira Park.
31. Ingold, T. (1986), The Appropriation of Nature Manchester, Manchester University Press, Manchester.
32. Ingold, T. (2000), The Perception of the Environment: Essays on Livelihood, Dwelling and Skill, Routledge, London.
33. Kativik Regional Government (1998), Annual Report 1998, Support Program for Inuit Beneficiaries for their Hunting, Fishing, and Trapping Activities, Kativik Regional Government, Kuujjuaq.
34. Kativik Regional Government (2001), Annual Report 2000-2001, Kativik Regional Government, Kuujjuaq.
35. Kishigami, N. (2000), “Contemporary Inuit food sharing and the hunter support program of Nunavik, Canada”, in Wenzel, G.W., Hovelsrud-Broda, G. and Kishigami, N. (Eds), The Social Economy of Sharing: Resource Allocation and Modern Hunter-Gatherers, Senri Ethnological Studies, No. 53, National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, pp. 171-92.
36. Kleinfeld, J., Kruse, J. and Travis, R. (1983), “Inupiat participation in the wage economy: effects of culturally adapted jobs”, Arctic Anthropology, Vol. 20 No. 1, pp. 1-21.
37. Lévesque, C., de Juriew, D., Lussier, C. and Trudeau, N. (2002), “Between abundance and scarcity: food and the institution of sharing among the Inuit of the Circumpolar region during the recent historical period”, in Duhaime, G. (Ed.), Sustainable Food Security in the Arctic: State of Knowledge, CCI Press, Calgary, pp. 103-15.
38. Lyall, W. (1993), “Retaining wealth and control in remote aboriginal communities”, Sharing the Harvest; The Road to Self-reliance: Report of the National Round Table on Aboriginal Economic Development and Resources, Ministry of Supply and Services Canada, Ottawa, pp. 137-48.
39. Ole, M. and Caulfield, R.A. (1996), “Development of West Greenlandic markets for country foods since the 18th century”, Arctic, Vol. 49 No. 2, pp. 107-19.
40. MacDonald, G. (2000), “Economies and personhood: demand sharing among the Wiradjuri of New South Wales”, in Wenzel, G.W., Hovelsrud-Broda, G. and Kishigami, N. (Eds), The Social Economy of Sharing: Resource Allocation and Modern Hunter-Gatherers, Senri Ethnological Studies, No. 53, National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, pp. 87-111.
41. Minor, K. (1992), Issumatuq, Fenwood Publishing, Halifax.
42. Mitchell, M. (1996), From Talking Chiefs to a Native Corporate Elite: the Birth of Class and Nationalism among Canadian Inuit, McGill-Queen's University Press, Montreal.
43. Myers, H. (1982), “Traditional and modern sources of income in the Lancaster Sound Region”, Polar Record, Vol. 21 No. 130, pp. 11-22.
44. Myers, H. (2000), The Changing Food Economy in Nunavut: Will Country Food Stores Secure Nunavut's Food Supply?, GETIC, Québec.
45. Nuttall, M. (1992), Arctic Homeland: Kinship, Community and Development in Northwest Greenland, Belhaven Press, London.
46. Nuttall, M. (2000), “Choosing kin: sharing and subsistence in a Greenlandic community”, in Schweitzer, P.P. (Ed.), Dividends of Kinship: Meanings and Uses of Social Relations, Routledge, London, pp. 33-60.
47. Oakes, J. and Riewe, R. (1997), Culture, Economy and Ecology: Case Studies from the Circumpolar Region, The Cider Press, Millbrook.
48. Paine, R. (1977), “The path to welfare colonialism”, The White Arctic Canada, Memorial University of Newfoundland and University of Toronto Press, Toronto, pp. 7-28.
49. Panetta, A. (2002), “New chapter for Inuit in Québec”, The Toronto Star, April, Vol. 20, p. H4.
50. Polanyi, K. (1957a), The Great Transformation, Beacon Paperback, Boston, MA.
51. Polanyi, K. (1957b), “The economy as instituted process”, in Polanyi, K., Arsenberg, C.M. and Pearson, H.W. (Eds), Trade and Market in the Early Empires: Economies in History and Theory, The Free Press, Glencoe, IL, pp. 243-70.
52. Rasing, W. (1999), “Hunting for identity. Thoughts on the practice of hunting and its significance for Iglulingmiut identity”, in Oosten, J. and Remie, C. (Eds), Arctic Identities: Continuity and Change in Inuit and Saami Societies, Research School, CNWS, Leiden University, Leiden, pp. 79-108.
53. Reimer, G.D. (1995), Case Study of an Inuit economy: Pangnirtung, NWT, Research report for the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples.
54. Sahlins, M. (1974), Stone Age Economics, Tavistock Publications Ltd, London.
55. Simard, J.J. (1979), “Terre et pouvoir au Nouveau-Québec”, Etudes/Inuit/Studies, Vol. 3 No. 1, pp. 101-29.
56. Simmel, G. (1978), The Philosophy of Money, Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd, London.
57. Steinmann, A. (1977), La Petite Barbe, Les Editions de l'Homme, ltée, Bruxelles.
58. Turner, E. (1990), “The whale decides: eskimos' and ethnographer's shared consciousness in the ice”, Études/Inuit/Studies, Vol. 14 Nos 1-2, pp. 39-42.
59. Wachowich, N. (1999), Saqiyuk, McGill-Queen's University Press, Montreal.
60. Watkins, M. (1997), “Canadian capitalism in transition”, in Clement, W. (Ed.), Understanding Canada: Building on the New Canadian Political Economy, McGill-Queen's University Press, Montreal, pp. 19-42.
61. Weihs, F., Higgins, R. and Boult, D. (1993), The Northern Economy: A Review and Assessment of the Economic Utilisation and Potential of Country Foods in the Northern Economy, Research report for the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples.
62. Wenzel, G.W. (1991), Animal Rights, Human Rights: Ecology, Economy, and Ideology in the Canadian Arctic, Belhaven, London.
63. Wenzel, G.W. (2000), “Sharing, money, and modern Inuit subsistence: obligation and reciprocity at Clyde River”, in Wenzel, G.W., Hovelsrud-Broda, G. and Kishigami, N. (Eds), The Social Economy of Sharing: Resource Allocation and Modern Hunter-Gatherers Senri Ethnological Studies, No. 53, National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, pp. 61-85.
64. Wenzel, G.W., Hovelsrud-Broda, G. and Kishigami, N. (2000), “Introduction: social economy of modern hunter-gatherers: traditional subsistence, new resources”, in Wenzel, G.W., Hovelsrud-Broda, G. and Kishigami, N. (Eds), The Social Economy of Sharing: Resource Allocation and Modern Hunter-Gatherers Senri Ethnological Studies, No. 53, National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, pp. 1-6.
65. Whittington, M.S. (1986), Native Economic Development Corporations: Political and Economic Change in Canada's North, CARC Policy Paper, No. 4, Canadian Arctic Resources Committee, Ottawa.