메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 311-323

The Importance and Implications of Aseptic Techniques During Regional Anesthesia

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2 PROPANOL; ANALGESIC AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE; HEXACHLOROPHENE; IODOPHOR; LOCAL ANESTHETIC AGENT; METICILLIN; POVIDONE IODINE; TRICLOSAN; VANCOMYCIN;

EID: 33745967502     PISSN: 10987339     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.rapm.2006.04.004     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (176)

References (92)
  • 1
    • 0030891665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe complications associated with epidural and spinal anaesthesias in Finland 1987-1993. A study based on patient insurance claims
    • Aromaa U., Lahdensuu M., and Cozanitis D.A. Severe complications associated with epidural and spinal anaesthesias in Finland 1987-1993. A study based on patient insurance claims. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 41 (1997) 445-452
    • (1997) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.41 , pp. 445-452
    • Aromaa, U.1    Lahdensuu, M.2    Cozanitis, D.A.3
  • 2
    • 0032760596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of spinal epidural abscess after epidural analgesia. A national 1-year survey
    • Wang L.P., Hauerberg J., and Schmidt J.F. Incidence of spinal epidural abscess after epidural analgesia. A national 1-year survey. Anesthesiology 91 (1999) 1928-1936
    • (1999) Anesthesiology , vol.91 , pp. 1928-1936
    • Wang, L.P.1    Hauerberg, J.2    Schmidt, J.F.3
  • 3
    • 0030872489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infection after central neuraxial block
    • Smedstad K.G. Infection after central neuraxial block. Can J Anaesth 44 (1997) 235-238
    • (1997) Can J Anaesth , vol.44 , pp. 235-238
    • Smedstad, K.G.1
  • 4
    • 0035141425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlorhexidine versus povidone iodine in preventing colonization of continuous epidural catheters in children. A randomized, controlled trial
    • Kinirons B., Mimoz O., Lafendi L., Naas T., Meunier J., and Nordmann P. Chlorhexidine versus povidone iodine in preventing colonization of continuous epidural catheters in children. A randomized, controlled trial. Anesthesiology 94 (2001) 239-244
    • (2001) Anesthesiology , vol.94 , pp. 239-244
    • Kinirons, B.1    Mimoz, O.2    Lafendi, L.3    Naas, T.4    Meunier, J.5    Nordmann, P.6
  • 6
    • 0037222326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurologic complications of 405 consecutive continuous axillary catheters
    • Bergman B.D., Hebl J.R., Kent J., and Horlocker T.T. Neurologic complications of 405 consecutive continuous axillary catheters. Anesth Analg 96 (2003) 247-252
    • (2003) Anesth Analg , vol.96 , pp. 247-252
    • Bergman, B.D.1    Hebl, J.R.2    Kent, J.3    Horlocker, T.T.4
  • 7
    • 0038449817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psoas abscess complicating femoral nerve block catheter
    • Adam F., Jaziri S., and Chauvin M. Psoas abscess complicating femoral nerve block catheter. Anesthesiology 99 (2003) 230-231
    • (2003) Anesthesiology , vol.99 , pp. 230-231
    • Adam, F.1    Jaziri, S.2    Chauvin, M.3
  • 8
    • 0034809291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The continuous femoral nerve block catheter for postoperative analgesia. Bacterial colonization, infectious rate and adverse effects
    • Cuvillon P., Ripart J., Lalourcey L., Veyrat E., L'Hermite J., Boisson C., Thouabtia E., and Eledjam J.J. The continuous femoral nerve block catheter for postoperative analgesia. Bacterial colonization, infectious rate and adverse effects. Anesth Analg 93 (2001) 1045-1049
    • (2001) Anesth Analg , vol.93 , pp. 1045-1049
    • Cuvillon, P.1    Ripart, J.2    Lalourcey, L.3    Veyrat, E.4    L'Hermite, J.5    Boisson, C.6    Thouabtia, E.7    Eledjam, J.J.8
  • 9
    • 0030826767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interscalene brachial plexus catheter for anesthesia and postoperative pain therapy. Experience with a modified technique
    • Meier G., Bauereis C., and Heinrich C. Interscalene brachial plexus catheter for anesthesia and postoperative pain therapy. Experience with a modified technique. Anaesthesist 46 (1997) 715-719
    • (1997) Anaesthesist , vol.46 , pp. 715-719
    • Meier, G.1    Bauereis, C.2    Heinrich, C.3
  • 10
    • 0041843828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the lateral modified approach for continuous interscalene block after shoulder surgery
    • Borgeat A., Dullenkopf A., Ekatodramis G., and Nagy L. Evaluation of the lateral modified approach for continuous interscalene block after shoulder surgery. Anesthesiology 99 (2003) 436-442
    • (2003) Anesthesiology , vol.99 , pp. 436-442
    • Borgeat, A.1    Dullenkopf, A.2    Ekatodramis, G.3    Nagy, L.4
  • 13
    • 0029926528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and bacteriologic survey of epidural analgesia in patients in the intensive care unit
    • Darchy B., Forceville X., Bavoux E., Soriot F., and Domart Y. Clinical and bacteriologic survey of epidural analgesia in patients in the intensive care unit. Anesthesiology 85 (1996) 988-998
    • (1996) Anesthesiology , vol.85 , pp. 988-998
    • Darchy, B.1    Forceville, X.2    Bavoux, E.3    Soriot, F.4    Domart, Y.5
  • 14
    • 0030457404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human skin flora as a potential source of epidural abscess
    • Sato S., Sakuragi T., and Dan K. Human skin flora as a potential source of epidural abscess. Anesthesiology 85 (1996) 1276-1282
    • (1996) Anesthesiology , vol.85 , pp. 1276-1282
    • Sato, S.1    Sakuragi, T.2    Dan, K.3
  • 15
    • 0025048951 scopus 로고
    • Infection during chronic epidural catheterization. Diagnosis and treatment
    • Du Pen S.L., Peterson D.G., Williams A., and Bogosian A.J. Infection during chronic epidural catheterization. Diagnosis and treatment. Anesthesiology 73 (1990) 905-909
    • (1990) Anesthesiology , vol.73 , pp. 905-909
    • Du Pen, S.L.1    Peterson, D.G.2    Williams, A.3    Bogosian, A.J.4
  • 16
    • 0000219891 scopus 로고
    • Bacteriological culture of indwelling epidural catheters
    • Barreto R.S. Bacteriological culture of indwelling epidural catheters. Anesthesiology 23 (1962) 643-646
    • (1962) Anesthesiology , vol.23 , pp. 643-646
    • Barreto, R.S.1
  • 17
    • 8044228709 scopus 로고
    • Four cases of epidural abscess due to therapeutic continuous epidural block
    • Noda B., Dan K., and Sakuragi T. Four cases of epidural abscess due to therapeutic continuous epidural block. Pain Clin (Tokyo) 3 (1982) 269-275
    • (1982) Pain Clin (Tokyo) , vol.3 , pp. 269-275
    • Noda, B.1    Dan, K.2    Sakuragi, T.3
  • 18
    • 0141863448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is skin disinfection with 10% povidone iodine sufficient to prevent epidural needle and catheter contamination?
    • Yentur E.A., Luleci N., Topcu I., Degerli K., and Surucuoglu S. Is skin disinfection with 10% povidone iodine sufficient to prevent epidural needle and catheter contamination?. Reg Anesth Pain Med 28 (2003) 389-393
    • (2003) Reg Anesth Pain Med , vol.28 , pp. 389-393
    • Yentur, E.A.1    Luleci, N.2    Topcu, I.3    Degerli, K.4    Surucuoglu, S.5
  • 20
    • 0033111760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catheter port cleansing techniques and the entry of povidone-iodine into the epidural space
    • Paice J.A., DuPen A., and Schwertz D. Catheter port cleansing techniques and the entry of povidone-iodine into the epidural space. Oncol Nurs Forum 26 (1999) 603-605
    • (1999) Oncol Nurs Forum , vol.26 , pp. 603-605
    • Paice, J.A.1    DuPen, A.2    Schwertz, D.3
  • 21
    • 0018725991 scopus 로고
    • Epidural abscess. A hazard of spinal epidural anaesthesia
    • North J.B., and Brophy B.P. Epidural abscess. A hazard of spinal epidural anaesthesia. Aust N Z J Surg 49 (1979) 484-485
    • (1979) Aust N Z J Surg , vol.49 , pp. 484-485
    • North, J.B.1    Brophy, B.P.2
  • 22
    • 0028941053 scopus 로고
    • Streptococcal meningitis complicating diagnostic myelography. Three cases and review
    • Gelfand M.S., and Abolnik I.Z. Streptococcal meningitis complicating diagnostic myelography. Three cases and review. Clin Infect Dis 20 (1995) 582-587
    • (1995) Clin Infect Dis , vol.20 , pp. 582-587
    • Gelfand, M.S.1    Abolnik, I.Z.2
  • 23
    • 0030030768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-hemolytic streptococci: A major pathogen of iatrogenic meningitis following lumbar puncture. Case reports and a review of the literature
    • Schneeberger P.M., Janssen M., and Voss A. Alpha-hemolytic streptococci: A major pathogen of iatrogenic meningitis following lumbar puncture. Case reports and a review of the literature. Infection 24 (1996) 29-33
    • (1996) Infection , vol.24 , pp. 29-33
    • Schneeberger, P.M.1    Janssen, M.2    Voss, A.3
  • 25
    • 0021859669 scopus 로고
    • Bactericidal activity of antiseptics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    • Haley C.E., Marling-Cason M., Smith J.W., Luby J.P., and Mackowiak P.A. Bactericidal activity of antiseptics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol 21 (1985) 991-992
    • (1985) J Clin Microbiol , vol.21 , pp. 991-992
    • Haley, C.E.1    Marling-Cason, M.2    Smith, J.W.3    Luby, J.P.4    Mackowiak, P.A.5
  • 26
    • 0025825996 scopus 로고
    • Prospective randomised trial of povidone-iodine, alcohol, and chlorhexidine for prevention of infection associated with central venous and arterial catheters
    • Maki D.G., Ringer M., and Alvarado C.J. Prospective randomised trial of povidone-iodine, alcohol, and chlorhexidine for prevention of infection associated with central venous and arterial catheters. Lancet 338 (1991) 339-343
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.338 , pp. 339-343
    • Maki, D.G.1    Ringer, M.2    Alvarado, C.J.3
  • 27
    • 0029101445 scopus 로고
    • Bactericidal activity of skin disinfectants on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    • Sakuragi T., Yanagisawa K., and Dan K. Bactericidal activity of skin disinfectants on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Anesth Analg 81 (1995) 555-558
    • (1995) Anesth Analg , vol.81 , pp. 555-558
    • Sakuragi, T.1    Yanagisawa, K.2    Dan, K.3
  • 28
    • 0022967814 scopus 로고
    • Skin flora on the human back and disinfection with alcoholic chlorhexidine, povidone iodine, and ethyl alcohol
    • Sakuragi T., Higa K., Dan K., and Okubo M. Skin flora on the human back and disinfection with alcoholic chlorhexidine, povidone iodine, and ethyl alcohol. Pain Clin (Tokyo) 1 (1987) 183-188
    • (1987) Pain Clin (Tokyo) , vol.1 , pp. 183-188
    • Sakuragi, T.1    Higa, K.2    Dan, K.3    Okubo, M.4
  • 30
    • 0025161442 scopus 로고
    • Extradural abscess following local anaesthetic and steroid injection for chronic low back pain
    • Goucke C.R., and Graziotti P. Extradural abscess following local anaesthetic and steroid injection for chronic low back pain. Br J Anaesth 65 (1990) 427-429
    • (1990) Br J Anaesth , vol.65 , pp. 427-429
    • Goucke, C.R.1    Graziotti, P.2
  • 31
    • 0036075969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aseptic precautions for inserting an epidural catheter. A survey of obstetric anaesthetists
    • Sellors J.E., Cyna A.M., and Simmons S.W. Aseptic precautions for inserting an epidural catheter. A survey of obstetric anaesthetists. Anaesthesia 57 (2002) 593-596
    • (2002) Anaesthesia , vol.57 , pp. 593-596
    • Sellors, J.E.1    Cyna, A.M.2    Simmons, S.W.3
  • 32
    • 0021034609 scopus 로고
    • Role of the hands in the spread of nosocomial infections
    • Reybrouck G. Role of the hands in the spread of nosocomial infections. J Hosp Infect 4 (1983) 103-110
    • (1983) J Hosp Infect , vol.4 , pp. 103-110
    • Reybrouck, G.1
  • 33
    • 17144447540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guideline for hand hygiene in health-care settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force
    • Boyce J.M., and Pittet D. Guideline for hand hygiene in health-care settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 23 (2002) S3-S40
    • (2002) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol , vol.23
    • Boyce, J.M.1    Pittet, D.2
  • 34
    • 0033550903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Handwashing. A modest measure with big effects
    • Handwashing Liaison Group
    • Handwashing Liaison Group. Handwashing. A modest measure with big effects. Br Med J 318 (1999) 686
    • (1999) Br Med J , vol.318 , pp. 686
  • 35
    • 0033023742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Handwashing. Simple, but effective
    • Daniels I.R., and Rees B.I. Handwashing. Simple, but effective. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 81 (1999) 117-118
    • (1999) Ann R Coll Surg Engl , vol.81 , pp. 117-118
    • Daniels, I.R.1    Rees, B.I.2
  • 36
    • 0023893863 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chlorhexidine-containing detergent, non-medicated soap or isopropanol and the influence of neutralizer on bacterial pathogenicity
    • Rotter M.L., Hirschl A.M., and Koller W. Effect of chlorhexidine-containing detergent, non-medicated soap or isopropanol and the influence of neutralizer on bacterial pathogenicity. J Hosp Infect 11 (1988) 220-225
    • (1988) J Hosp Infect , vol.11 , pp. 220-225
    • Rotter, M.L.1    Hirschl, A.M.2    Koller, W.3
  • 37
    • 0035109790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hand cleansing with antimicrobial soap or alcohol-based gel on microbial colonization of artificial fingernails worn by health care workers
    • McNeil S.A., Foster C.L., Hedderwick S.A., and Kauffman C.A. Effect of hand cleansing with antimicrobial soap or alcohol-based gel on microbial colonization of artificial fingernails worn by health care workers. Clin Infect Dis 32 (2001) 367-372
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.32 , pp. 367-372
    • McNeil, S.A.1    Foster, C.L.2    Hedderwick, S.A.3    Kauffman, C.A.4
  • 38
    • 0024834205 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial carriage by artificial versus natural nails
    • Pottinger J., Burns S., and Manske C. Bacterial carriage by artificial versus natural nails. Am J Infect Control 17 (1989) 340-344
    • (1989) Am J Infect Control , vol.17 , pp. 340-344
    • Pottinger, J.1    Burns, S.2    Manske, C.3
  • 40
    • 0023931058 scopus 로고
    • Composition and density of microflora in the subungual space of the hand
    • McGinley K.J., Larson E.L., and Leyden J.J. Composition and density of microflora in the subungual space of the hand. J Clin Microbiol 26 (1988) 950-953
    • (1988) J Clin Microbiol , vol.26 , pp. 950-953
    • McGinley, K.J.1    Larson, E.L.2    Leyden, J.J.3
  • 41
    • 0027637002 scopus 로고
    • Effects of nail polish on microbial growth of fingernails. Dispelling sacred cows
    • Baumgardner C.A., Maragos C.S., Walz J., and Larson E. Effects of nail polish on microbial growth of fingernails. Dispelling sacred cows. AORN J 58 (1993) 84-88
    • (1993) AORN J , vol.58 , pp. 84-88
    • Baumgardner, C.A.1    Maragos, C.S.2    Walz, J.3    Larson, E.4
  • 42
    • 0033616377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wrist watches must be removed before washing hands
    • Hartley J.C., Mackay A.D., and Scott G.M. Wrist watches must be removed before washing hands. Br Med J 318 (1999) 328
    • (1999) Br Med J , vol.318 , pp. 328
    • Hartley, J.C.1    Mackay, A.D.2    Scott, G.M.3
  • 44
    • 0031575099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wedding rings and hospital-acquired infection
    • Bernthal E. Wedding rings and hospital-acquired infection. Nurs Stand 11 (1997) 44-46
    • (1997) Nurs Stand , vol.11 , pp. 44-46
    • Bernthal, E.1
  • 46
    • 0042827327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of hand hygiene in the postanesthesia care unit-It's about time!
    • Herwaldt L.A. A study of hand hygiene in the postanesthesia care unit-It's about time!. Anesthesiology 99 (2003) 519-520
    • (2003) Anesthesiology , vol.99 , pp. 519-520
    • Herwaldt, L.A.1
  • 47
    • 0035176705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The health professional's role in preventing nosocomial infections
    • Saloojee H., and Steenhoff A. The health professional's role in preventing nosocomial infections. Postgrad Med J 77 (2001) 16-19
    • (2001) Postgrad Med J , vol.77 , pp. 16-19
    • Saloojee, H.1    Steenhoff, A.2
  • 48
    • 0027265139 scopus 로고
    • Examination gloves as barriers to hand contamination in clinical practice
    • Olsen R.J., Lynch P., Coyle M.B., Cummings J., Bokete T., and Stamm W.E. Examination gloves as barriers to hand contamination in clinical practice. JAMA 270 (1993) 350-353
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 350-353
    • Olsen, R.J.1    Lynch, P.2    Coyle, M.B.3    Cummings, J.4    Bokete, T.5    Stamm, W.E.6
  • 49
    • 0027984576 scopus 로고
    • Gowning does not affect colonization or infection rates in a neonatal intensive care unit
    • Pelke S., Ching D., Easa D., and Melish M.E. Gowning does not affect colonization or infection rates in a neonatal intensive care unit. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 148 (1994) 1016-1020
    • (1994) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.148 , pp. 1016-1020
    • Pelke, S.1    Ching, D.2    Easa, D.3    Melish, M.E.4
  • 50
    • 0029395650 scopus 로고
    • Does routine gowning reduce nosocomial infection and mortality rates in a neonatal nursery? A Singapore experience
    • Tan S.G., Lim S.H., and Malathi I. Does routine gowning reduce nosocomial infection and mortality rates in a neonatal nursery? A Singapore experience. Int J Nurs Pract 1 (1995) 52-58
    • (1995) Int J Nurs Pract , vol.1 , pp. 52-58
    • Tan, S.G.1    Lim, S.H.2    Malathi, I.3
  • 51
    • 0030587227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the effect of universal use of gloves and gowns with that of glove use alone on acquisition of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in a medical intensive care unit
    • Slaughter S., Hayden M.K., Nathan C., Hu T.C., Rice T., Van Voorhis J., Matushek M., Franklin C., and Weinstein R.A. A comparison of the effect of universal use of gloves and gowns with that of glove use alone on acquisition of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in a medical intensive care unit. Ann Intern Med 125 (1996) 448-456
    • (1996) Ann Intern Med , vol.125 , pp. 448-456
    • Slaughter, S.1    Hayden, M.K.2    Nathan, C.3    Hu, T.C.4    Rice, T.5    Van Voorhis, J.6    Matushek, M.7    Franklin, C.8    Weinstein, R.A.9
  • 52
    • 0025815875 scopus 로고
    • Regional anaesthesia requires attention to detail
    • Wildsmith J.A. Regional anaesthesia requires attention to detail. Br J Anaesth 67 (1991) 224-225
    • (1991) Br J Anaesth , vol.67 , pp. 224-225
    • Wildsmith, J.A.1
  • 53
    • 0026571394 scopus 로고
    • Wearing of face masks for spinal anaesthesia
    • Yentis S.M. Wearing of face masks for spinal anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 68 (1992) 224
    • (1992) Br J Anaesth , vol.68 , pp. 224
    • Yentis, S.M.1
  • 54
    • 0026571394 scopus 로고
    • Wearing of face masks for spinal anaesthesia
    • Wildsmith J.A. Wearing of face masks for spinal anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 68 (1992) 224
    • (1992) Br J Anaesth , vol.68 , pp. 224
    • Wildsmith, J.A.1
  • 55
    • 85048353264 scopus 로고
    • Face masks and spinal anaesthesia
    • O'Kelly S.W., and Marsh D. Face masks and spinal anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 70 (1993) 239
    • (1993) Br J Anaesth , vol.70 , pp. 239
    • O'Kelly, S.W.1    Marsh, D.2
  • 56
    • 77957186552 scopus 로고
    • Face masks and spinal anaesthsia
    • Wildsmith J.A. Face masks and spinal anaesthsia. Br J Anaesth 70 (1993) 239
    • (1993) Br J Anaesth , vol.70 , pp. 239
    • Wildsmith, J.A.1
  • 57
    • 0028389618 scopus 로고
    • Postpartum meningitis
    • Bromage P.R. Postpartum meningitis. Anaesthesia 49 (1994) 260
    • (1994) Anaesthesia , vol.49 , pp. 260
    • Bromage, P.R.1
  • 58
    • 0035219776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mask avenger?
    • Tsen L.C. The mask avenger?. Anesth Analg 92 (2001) 279
    • (2001) Anesth Analg , vol.92 , pp. 279
    • Tsen, L.C.1
  • 61
    • 0029923904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wearing of masks for obstetric regional anaesthesia. A postal survey
    • Panikkar K.K., and Yentis S.M. Wearing of masks for obstetric regional anaesthesia. A postal survey. Anaesthesia 51 (1996) 398-400
    • (1996) Anaesthesia , vol.51 , pp. 398-400
    • Panikkar, K.K.1    Yentis, S.M.2
  • 62
    • 0017166185 scopus 로고
    • Mask wiggling as a potential cause of wound contamination
    • Schweizer R.T. Mask wiggling as a potential cause of wound contamination. Lancet 2 (1976) 1129-1130
    • (1976) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1129-1130
    • Schweizer, R.T.1
  • 63
    • 0019517446 scopus 로고
    • Is a mask necessary in the operating theatre?
    • Orr N.W. Is a mask necessary in the operating theatre?. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 63 (1981) 390
    • (1981) Ann R Coll Surg Engl , vol.63 , pp. 390
    • Orr, N.W.1
  • 64
    • 0025899947 scopus 로고
    • Postoperative wound infections and surgical face masks. A controlled study
    • Tunevall T.G. Postoperative wound infections and surgical face masks. A controlled study. World J Surg 15 (1991) 383-387
    • (1991) World J Surg , vol.15 , pp. 383-387
    • Tunevall, T.G.1
  • 65
    • 0026646714 scopus 로고
    • Surgical face masks are effective in reducing bacterial contamination caused by dispersal from the upper airway
    • Philips B.J., Fergusson S., Armstrong P., Anderson F.M., and Wildsmith J.A. Surgical face masks are effective in reducing bacterial contamination caused by dispersal from the upper airway. Br J Anaesth 69 (1992) 407-408
    • (1992) Br J Anaesth , vol.69 , pp. 407-408
    • Philips, B.J.1    Fergusson, S.2    Armstrong, P.3    Anderson, F.M.4    Wildsmith, J.A.5
  • 67
    • 0034909063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do anaesthetists need to wear surgical masks in the operating theatre? A literature review with evidence-based recommendations
    • Skinner M.W., and Sutton B.A. Do anaesthetists need to wear surgical masks in the operating theatre? A literature review with evidence-based recommendations. Anaesth Intensive Care 29 (2001) 331-338
    • (2001) Anaesth Intensive Care , vol.29 , pp. 331-338
    • Skinner, M.W.1    Sutton, B.A.2
  • 68
    • 0001699078 scopus 로고
    • Postoperative haemolytic streptococcus wound infections and their relation to haemolytic streptococcus carries among the operating personnel
    • Meleney F.L., and Stevens F.A. Postoperative haemolytic streptococcus wound infections and their relation to haemolytic streptococcus carries among the operating personnel. Surg Gynecol Obstet 43 (1926) 338
    • (1926) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.43 , pp. 338
    • Meleney, F.L.1    Stevens, F.A.2
  • 70
    • 0017603208 scopus 로고
    • The potential for contamination of continuous epidural catheters
    • Hunt J.R., Rigor Sr. B.M., and Collins J.R. The potential for contamination of continuous epidural catheters. Anesth Analg 56 (1977) 222-225
    • (1977) Anesth Analg , vol.56 , pp. 222-225
    • Hunt, J.R.1    Rigor Sr., B.M.2    Collins, J.R.3
  • 71
    • 0016629526 scopus 로고
    • Pathology in the extradural space
    • Crawford J.S. Pathology in the extradural space. Br J Anaesth 47 (1975) 412-415
    • (1975) Br J Anaesth , vol.47 , pp. 412-415
    • Crawford, J.S.1
  • 72
    • 0017111056 scopus 로고
    • Epidural abcess complicating thoracic epidural analgesia
    • Saady A. Epidural abcess complicating thoracic epidural analgesia. Anesthesiology 44 (1976) 244-246
    • (1976) Anesthesiology , vol.44 , pp. 244-246
    • Saady, A.1
  • 74
    • 0017579506 scopus 로고
    • Are bacterial filters needed in continuous epidural analgesia for obstetrics?
    • Abouleish E., Amortegui A.J., and Taylor F.H. Are bacterial filters needed in continuous epidural analgesia for obstetrics?. Anesthesiology 46 (1977) 351-354
    • (1977) Anesthesiology , vol.46 , pp. 351-354
    • Abouleish, E.1    Amortegui, A.J.2    Taylor, F.H.3
  • 76
    • 0029824936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective, randomized trial of two antiseptic solutions for prevention of central venous or arterial catheter colonization and infection in intensive care unit patients
    • Mimoz O., Pieroni L., Lawrence C., Edouard A., Costa Y., Samii K., and Brun-Buisson C. Prospective, randomized trial of two antiseptic solutions for prevention of central venous or arterial catheter colonization and infection in intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 24 (1996) 1818-1823
    • (1996) Crit Care Med , vol.24 , pp. 1818-1823
    • Mimoz, O.1    Pieroni, L.2    Lawrence, C.3    Edouard, A.4    Costa, Y.5    Samii, K.6    Brun-Buisson, C.7
  • 79
    • 0022397187 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of povidone-iodine's bactericidal activity by common organic substances. An experimental study
    • Zamora J.L., Price M.F., Chuang P., and Gentry L.O. Inhibition of povidone-iodine's bactericidal activity by common organic substances. An experimental study. Surgery 98 (1985) 25-29
    • (1985) Surgery , vol.98 , pp. 25-29
    • Zamora, J.L.1    Price, M.F.2    Chuang, P.3    Gentry, L.O.4
  • 80
    • 0015506634 scopus 로고
    • Skin bacteria and skin disinfection reconsidered
    • Selwyn S., and Ellis H. Skin bacteria and skin disinfection reconsidered. Br Med J 1 (1972) 136-140
    • (1972) Br Med J , vol.1 , pp. 136-140
    • Selwyn, S.1    Ellis, H.2
  • 81
    • 0037222103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of povidone iodine and DuraPrep, an iodophor-in-isopropyl alcohol solution, for skin disinfection prior to epidural catheter insertion in parturients
    • Birnbach D.J., Meadows W., Stein D.J., Murray O., Thys D.M., and Sordillo E.M. Comparison of povidone iodine and DuraPrep, an iodophor-in-isopropyl alcohol solution, for skin disinfection prior to epidural catheter insertion in parturients. Anesthesiology 98 (2003) 164-169
    • (2003) Anesthesiology , vol.98 , pp. 164-169
    • Birnbach, D.J.1    Meadows, W.2    Stein, D.J.3    Murray, O.4    Thys, D.M.5    Sordillo, E.M.6
  • 82
    • 0000687647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guideline for prevention of intravascular device-related infections. Part I. Intravascular device-related infections: An overview
    • The Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee
    • Pearson M.L., and The Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Guideline for prevention of intravascular device-related infections. Part I. Intravascular device-related infections: An overview. Am J Infect Control 24 (1996) 262-277
    • (1996) Am J Infect Control , vol.24 , pp. 262-277
    • Pearson, M.L.1
  • 83
    • 0021348022 scopus 로고
    • Chlorhexidine-induced degeneration of adrenergic nerves
    • Henschen A., and Olson L. Chlorhexidine-induced degeneration of adrenergic nerves. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 63 (1984) 18-23
    • (1984) Acta Neuropathol (Berl) , vol.63 , pp. 18-23
    • Henschen, A.1    Olson, L.2
  • 84
    • 84985824004 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 1% chlorhexidine gel treatment on sympathetic adrenergic nerves in human buccal mucosa
    • Luthman J., Henschen A., and Lohonen H. Effects of 1% chlorhexidine gel treatment on sympathetic adrenergic nerves in human buccal mucosa. Scand J Dent Res 94 (1986) 47-49
    • (1986) Scand J Dent Res , vol.94 , pp. 47-49
    • Luthman, J.1    Henschen, A.2    Lohonen, H.3
  • 85
    • 0021197161 scopus 로고
    • Some toxic effects of lead, other metals and antibacterial agents on the nervous system-Animal experiment models
    • Olson L., Bjorklund H., Henschen A., Palmer M., and Hoffer B. Some toxic effects of lead, other metals and antibacterial agents on the nervous system-Animal experiment models. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl 100 (1984) 77-87
    • (1984) Acta Neurol Scand Suppl , vol.100 , pp. 77-87
    • Olson, L.1    Bjorklund, H.2    Henschen, A.3    Palmer, M.4    Hoffer, B.5
  • 86
    • 0036915603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Povidone-iodine spray technique versus traditional scrub-paint technique for preoperative abdominal wall preparation
    • Moen M.D., Noone M.B., and Kirson I. Povidone-iodine spray technique versus traditional scrub-paint technique for preoperative abdominal wall preparation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 187 (2002) 1434-1436
    • (2002) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.187 , pp. 1434-1436
    • Moen, M.D.1    Noone, M.B.2    Kirson, I.3
  • 87
    • 21644470876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlorhexidine spray versus single use sachets for skin preparation before regional nerve blockade for elective caesarean section. An effectiveness, time and cost study
    • Robins K., Wilson R., Watkins E.J., Columb M.O., and Lyons G. Chlorhexidine spray versus single use sachets for skin preparation before regional nerve blockade for elective caesarean section. An effectiveness, time and cost study. Int J Obstet Anesth 14 (2005) 189-192
    • (2005) Int J Obstet Anesth , vol.14 , pp. 189-192
    • Robins, K.1    Wilson, R.2    Watkins, E.J.3    Columb, M.O.4    Lyons, G.5
  • 88
    • 0345214538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Povidone iodine and skin disinfection before initiation of epidural anesthesia
    • Birnbach D.J., Stein D.J., Murray O., Thys D.M., and Sordillo E.M. Povidone iodine and skin disinfection before initiation of epidural anesthesia. Anesthesiology 88 (1998) 668-672
    • (1998) Anesthesiology , vol.88 , pp. 668-672
    • Birnbach, D.J.1    Stein, D.J.2    Murray, O.3    Thys, D.M.4    Sordillo, E.M.5
  • 89
    • 0025178935 scopus 로고
    • Use of a chlorhexidine dressing to reduce microbial colonization of epidural catheters
    • Shapiro J.M., Bond E.L., and Garman J.K. Use of a chlorhexidine dressing to reduce microbial colonization of epidural catheters. Anesthesiology 73 (1990) 625-631
    • (1990) Anesthesiology , vol.73 , pp. 625-631
    • Shapiro, J.M.1    Bond, E.L.2    Garman, J.K.3
  • 90
    • 0035213885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of the biopatch, a chlorhexidine impregnated dressing, on bacterial colonization of epidural catheter exit sites
    • Mann T.J., Orlikowski C.E., Gurrin L.C., and Keil A.D. The effect of the biopatch, a chlorhexidine impregnated dressing, on bacterial colonization of epidural catheter exit sites. Anaesth Intensive Care 29 (2001) 600-603
    • (2001) Anaesth Intensive Care , vol.29 , pp. 600-603
    • Mann, T.J.1    Orlikowski, C.E.2    Gurrin, L.C.3    Keil, A.D.4
  • 91
    • 21544482602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guideline for prevention of surgical site infection, 1999
    • Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee
    • Mangram A.J., Horan T.C., Pearson M.L., Silver L.C., Jarvis W.R., and Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Guideline for prevention of surgical site infection, 1999. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 20 (1999) 250-278
    • (1999) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol , vol.20 , pp. 250-278
    • Mangram, A.J.1    Horan, T.C.2    Pearson, M.L.3    Silver, L.C.4    Jarvis, W.R.5
  • 92
    • 33745949989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Health and Human Services Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. Acute Pain Management: Operative or medical procedures and trauma. The Agency, 1993. Clinical Practice Guideline No.1;No.92-0023:107.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.