Variation of metals in bed sediments of Qaraaoun Reservoir, Lebanon

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

Volumn 115, Issue 1-3, 2006, Pages 307-319

  Korfali, Samira Ibrahim ^a   Jurdi, Mey ^b   Davies, Brian E ^c  

^a LEBANESE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY   (Lebanon)

^b AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BEIRUT   (Lebanon)

^c CLEMSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Lebanon; Metals; Qaraaoun reservoir; Sediment

Indexed keywords

BED SEDIMENTS; METAL CONTENT; QARAAOUN RESERVOIR;

PH; POLYNOMIALS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RIVERS; SEDIMENTS; WATER ANALYSIS; WATER QUALITY;

RESERVOIRS (WATER);

CADMIUM; CHROMIUM; COPPER; DISSOLVED OXYGEN; IRON; LEAD; METAL; NICKEL;

COPPER; DEPOSITION; LEAD; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RESERVOIR; SEDIMENT ANALYSIS; SEDIMENT POLLUTION; SURFACE WATER; WATER QUALITY; ZINC;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DATA ANALYSIS; HEATING; LEBANON; MASS SPECTROMETRY; METAL EXTRACTION; OXIDATION; PH; PHYSICAL PARAMETERS; REDUCTION; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RIVER; SEDIMENT; WATER SAMPLING; WATER SUPPLY; WATER TEMPERATURE;

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; GEOLOGIC SEDIMENTS; LEBANON; METALS, HEAVY; RIVERS; WATER POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL; WATER SUPPLY;

ASIA; BEQAA; EURASIA; LEBANON; MIDDLE EAST; QARAAOUN RESERVOIR;

EID: 33745960056     PISSN: 01676369     EISSN: 15732959     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-006-6556-2     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. APHA, AWWA, WPCF: 1992, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th ed., Washington, D.C.
2. Amery, H. A.: 2002, 'Irrigation Planning in Lebanon: Challenges and Opportunities', in Ö. Mehmet and H. A. Biçak (eds), Modern and Traditional Irrigation Technologies in the Eastern Mediterranean (chapter 6), IDRC 2002 publication, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
3. An, Y. J. and Kampbell, I.: 2003, 'Total, dissolved and bioavailable metals at Lake Texoma marinas', Environ. Poll. 122, 253-259.
4. Ankley, G. T., Lodge, K., Call, D. J., Balcer, M. D., Brooke, L. T., Cook, P. M., Kreis Jr, R. G., Carlson, A. R., Johnson, R. D. and Neimi, G. J.: 1992, 'Integrated assessment of contaminated sediments in the lower Fox River and Green Bay Wisconsin', Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 23 (1), 46-63.
5. Arjonilla, M., Forja, J. M. and Gomez-Perra, A.: 1994, 'Sediment analysis does not provide a good measure of heavy metal bioavalability to Cerastoderma glaucum (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in confined coastal ecosystem', Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 52, 810-817.
6. Chapman, D.: 1992, Water Quality Assessments, University Press, Cambridge, UK.
7. Davies, B. E.: 1974, 'Loss-on-ignition as an estimate of soil organic matter', Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 38, 53-65.
8. De Bartolomeo, A., Poletti, L., Sanchini, G., Sebastiani, B. and Morozzi, G.: 2004, 'Relationship among parameters of lake polluted sediments evaluated by multivariate statistical analysis', Chemosphere 55, 1323-1329.
9. Díaz-Barrientos, E., Madrid, L., Maqueda, C., Morillo, E., Ruiz-Cortés, E., Basallote, E. and Carrillo, M.: 2003, 'Copper and zinc retention by an organically amended soil', Chemosphere 50, 911-917.
10. EL-Fadel, M., Zeinti, M. and Jamal, D.: 2000, 'Water resources in Lebanon: Characterization, water balance and constraints', Water Resources Develop. 16 (40), 615-638.
11. Foster, I. D. L. and Charlesworth, S. M.: 1996, 'Heavy metals in the hydrological cycle: Trends and explanations', Hydrol. Processes 10, 227-261.
12. Hudson-Edwards, K., Macklin, M. and Taylor, M.: 1997, 'Historic metal mining inputs to Tees river sediment', Sci. Total Environ. 194/195, 437-445.
13. Hursthouse, A. S., Mattthews, J., Figures, J., Iqbal-Zahid, P., Davies, I. M. and Vaughan, D. H.: 2001, 'Chromium behavior in intertidal sediments and pore waters, R. Clyde, UK', Environ. Geochem. Health 23, 253-259.
14. Hursthouse, A. S., Mattthews, J., Figures, J., Iqbal-Zahid, P., Davies, I. M. and Vaughan, D. H.: 2003, 'Chromium in intertidal sediments of the Clyde, UK: Potentail for remobilizatiobn and bioaccumulation', Environ. Geochem. Health 25, 171-203.
15. Jaber, B.: 1993, 'Water Availability in Lebanon', in: Proceedings of the Workshop on Water Affairs in Lebanon and Peace-Process and Project Series of Lebanon Life Studies-5, Beirut, Lebanon, 53-66 (Arabic).
16. Jarvie, H. P., Neal, C., Leach, D. V., Ryland, G. P., House, W. A. and Robson, A. J.: 1997, 'Major ion concentrations and the inorganic carbon chemistry of the Humber rivers', Sci. Total Environ. 194/195, 285-302.
17. Jurdi, M.: 1992, 'A National Study on the Quality of Potable Water in Lebanon', in: Proceedings of the National Workshop of the Status of Water in Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon, 145-173 (in Arabic).
18. Jurdi, M.: 1998, Survey on Quality of Potable Water in Lebanon, 1990-1992, 1996-1997, UNICEF Publication, Beirut, Lebanon.
19. Jurdi, M., Korfali, S. I., Karahagopian, Y. and Davies, B. E.: 2002, 'Evaluation of water quality of the Qaraaoun Reservoir, Lebanon: Suitability for multipurpose usage', Environ. Monit. Assess. 77, 11-30.
20. Kabata-Pendias, A.: 2000, Trace Elements in Soils and Plants, 3rd ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
21. Kersten, M. and Förstner, U.: 1989, 'Speciation of Trace Metals in Sediments', in: G. E. Batley (ed), Trace Element Speciation: Analytical and Problems, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 247-317.
22. Khair, K., Aker, N. and Zahruddine, K.: 1992, 'Hydrogeologic units of Lebanon', Hydrogeol. J. 2, 34-49.
23. Khair, K.: 1993, 'The Litani River, Geologic and Hydrologic Study', in: Proceedings of the Workshop on Water Affairs in Lebanon and Peace- Process, Project Series of Lebanon Life studies-5, Beirut, Lebanon, 81-162 (Arabic).
24. Khair, K., Aker, N., Haddad, F., Jurdi, M. and Hachach, A.: 1994, 'The environmental impacts of humans on ground water in Lebanon', Water, Air Soil Pollut. 78, 37-49.
25. Korfali, S. I. and Davies, B. E.: 2000, 'Total and extractable trace elements in Lebanese river sediments; Dry season data', Environ. Geochem. Health 22, 265-273.
26. Korfali, S. I. and Davies, B. E.: 2003, 'A comparison of metals in sediments and water in the river Nahr-Ibrahim, Lebanon: 1996 and 1999', Environ. Geochem. Health 25, 41-50.
27. Large, R. R. and McGoldrick, P. J.: 1998, 'Lithogeochemical halos and geochemical vectors to stratiform sediment hosted Zn-Pb-Ag deposits, 1. Lady Loretta Deposit, Queensland', J. Geochem. Expl. 63, 37-56.
28. Leivouri, M.: 1998, 'Heavy metal contaminants in surface sediments in the Gulf of Finland and comparison with the Gulf of Bothnia', Chemosphere 36, 43-59.
29. Li, Y. H.: 2000, A Compendium of Geochemistry', Princeton, NJ, USA, Princeton University Press.
30. Louma, S. N.: 1989, 'Can we determine the biological availability of sediment-bound trace elements?, Hydrobiologia 176/177, 379-396.
31. Maher, W. A. and Aislabei, J.: 1992, 'Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in nearshore marine sediments of Australia', Sci. Total Environ. 112 (2-3), 143-164.
32. Mellor, A.: 2001, 'Lead and zinc in the Wallsend Burn, an urban catchment in Tyneside, UK', Sci. Total Environ. 269, 49-63.
33. Nelson, R. E.: 1982, 'Carbonate and Gypsum', in: A. L. Page et al. (eds), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, 2nd ed, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 181-197.
34. Owaydah, K.: 1993, 'Actual Irrigation Plans of Litani River', in: Proceedings of the Workshop on Water Affairs in Lebanon and Peace-Process and Project Series of Lebanon Life studies-5, Beirut, Lebanon, 127-149 (Arabic).
35. Piron, M., Pineau, A. and Mabele, R. M.: 1990, 'Sediment, parameters and distribution of metals in fine sediments of the Loire estuary', Water, Air, Soil Poll. 50, 267-277.
36. Rast, W. and Thornton, J. A.: 1999, 'Reservoirs: Environmental Process, Management and Policy', in: B. H. Kay (eds), Water Resources, Health, Environment and Development, E and FN Spon Publishers, London, UK.
37. Sene, K. J., March, T. J. and Hachache, A.: 1999, 'An assessment of the difficulties in quantifying the surface water resources of Lebanon', Hydrol. Sci. J. 44 (1), 79-96.
38. Stephenson, A., Labounskaia, I. and Stringer, R.: 1998, Heavy Metal and Organic Screen Analysis of Environmental and Waste Samples Associated with Industrial Activities in Lebanon, September, 1997, Greenpeace Research Laboratory, University of Exter, UK.
39. Stepniewsks, Z. and Bucior, K.: 2001, 'Chromium contamination of soils, waters and plants in the vicinity of tannery waste lagoon', Environ. Geochem. Health 23, 241-245.
40. Stumm, W. and Morgan, J. J.: 1996, 'Aquatic Chemistry, Chemical Equilibria and Rates in Natural Waters', in: Trace Metals: Cycling, Regulation, and Biological Role, 3rd edition, Chapter 10, Wiley, USA.
41. UNDP: 1970, 'Liban: Etude des Eeaux Souterraines', Programme des Nations Unies pour le Development, N.Y. DP/SF/UN/44. Liban.
42. Weimin, Y., Bateley, G. E. and Ahsanullah, M.: 1994, 'Metal bioavailability to the soldker crab Mictyris longicarpus', Sci. Total Environ. 141, 27-44.
43. Wong, S. C., Li, X. D., Zhang, G., Qi, S. H. and Min, Y. S.: 2002, 'Heavy metals in agricultural soils of the Pearl River Delta, South China', Environ. Poll. 119, 33-44.