High sensitivity C-reactive protein and cardiovascular disease: An association built on unstable foundations?

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry

Volumn 43, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 252-256

  Sattar, Naveed ^a   Lowe, Gordon D ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN;

ATHEROGENESIS; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; NONHUMAN; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESEARCH; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION; SCREENING; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SMOKING; VASCULAR DISEASE;

BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHEMISTRY, CLINICAL; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; REFERENCE STANDARDS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RISK; RISK FACTORS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 33745918309     PISSN: 00045632     EISSN: 00045632     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1258/000456306777695735     Document Type: Review

References (24)

1. Libby P. Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature 2002; 420: 868-74
2. Danesh J, Whincup P, Walker M, et al. Low grade inflammation and coronary heart disease: prospective study and updated meta-analyses. Br Med J 2000; 321: 199-204
3. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Buring JE, Rifai N. C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 836-43
4. Pearson TA, Mensah GA, Alexander RW, et al. Markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease: application to clinical and public health practice: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association. Circulation 2003; 107: 499-511
5. Verma S, Szmitko PE, Ridker PM. C-reactive protein comes of age. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 2005; 2: 29-36 ; quiz 58
6. Liao JK. Effects of statins on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase inhibition beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Am J Cardiol 2005; 96: 24F-33F
7. Ridker PM, Cannon CP, Morrow D, et al. C-reactive protein levels and outcomes after statin therapy. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 20-8
8. Danesh J, Wheeler JG, Hirschfield GM, et al. C-reactive protein and other circulating markers of inflammation in the prediction of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 2004; 350: 1387-97
9. Yarnell JW, Patterson CC, Sweetnam PM, Lowe GD. Haemostatic/inflammatory markers predict 10-year risk of IHD at least as well as lipids: the Caerphilly collaborative studies. Eur Heart J 2004; 25: 1049-56
10. Greenland P, O'Malley PG. When is a new prediction marker useful? A consideration of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and C-reactive protein for stroke risk. Arch Intern Med 2005; 2454-6
11. Wilson PW, Nam BH, Pencina M, D'Agostino Sr RB, Benjamin EJ, O'Donnell CJ. C-reactive protein and risk of cardiovascular disease in men and women from the Framingham Heart Study. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165: 2473-8
12. Lowe GD. Circulating inflammatory markers and risks of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular disease. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3: 1618-27
13. Sattar N, McConnachie A, O'Reilly D, et al. Inverse association between birth weight and C-reactive protein concentrations in the MIDSPAN Family Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 24: 583-7
14. Miller M, Zhan M, Havas S. High attributable risk of elevated C-reactive protein level to conventional coronary heart disease risk factors: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165: 2063-8
15. Verma S, Wang CH, Li SH, et al. A self-fulfilling prophecy: C-reactive protein attenuates nitric oxide production and inhibits angiogenesis. Circulation 2002; 106: 913-19
16. Taylor KE, Giddings JC, van den Berg CW. C-reactive protein-induced in vitro endothelial cell activation is an artefact caused by azide and lipopolysaccharide. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 25: 1225-30
17. Hirschfield GM, Gallimore JR, Kahan MC, et al. Transgenic human C-reactive protein is not proatherogenic in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 8309-14
18. Baigent C, Keech A, Kearney PM, et al. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet 2005; 366: 1267-78
19. Casas JP, Shah T, Cooper J, et al. C-reactive protein is a marker but not a cause of myocardial infarction in caucasian men: evidence against causality using mendelian randomisation. Int J Epidemiol 2006 (Epub ahead of print).
20. Timpson NJ, Lawlor DA, Harbord RM, et al. C-reactive protein and its role in metabolic syndrome: mendelian randomisation study. Lancet 2005; 366: 1954-9
21. Tzoulaki I, Murray GD, Lee AJ, Rumley A, Lowe GD, Fowkes FG. C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and soluble adhesion molecules as predictors of progressive peripheral atherosclerosis in the general population: Edinburgh Artery Study. Circulation 2005; 112: 976-83
22. Lowe GD, Rumley A, McMahon AD, Ford I, O'Reilly DS, Packard CJ. Interleukin-6, fibrin D-dimer, and coagulation factors VII and XIIa in prediction of coronary heart disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 24: 1529-34
23. Koenig W, Sund M, Frohlich M, Lowel H, Hutchinson WL, Pepys MB. Refinement of the association of serum C-reactive protein concentration and coronary heart disease risk by correction for within-subject variation over time: the MONICA Augsburg studies, 1984 and 1987. Am J Epidemiol 2003; 158: 357-64
24. Campbell B, Badrick T, Flatman R, Kanowski D. Limited clinical utility of high-sensitivity plasma C-reactive protein assays. Ann Clin Biochem 2002; 39: 85-8