메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 36, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 23-31

AIDS care and treatment in sub-Saharan Africa: Implementation ethics

(2)  Rennie, Stuart a   Behets, Frieda a  

a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT; ZIDOVUDINE;

EID: 33745916442     PISSN: 00930334     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/hcr.2006.0048     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (16)

References (38)
  • 1
    • 0030775618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ethics of clinical research in the developing world
    • M. Angell, "The Ethics of Clinical Research in the Developing World," New England Journal of Medicine 337 (1997): 847-49;
    • (1997) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.337 , pp. 847-849
    • Angell, M.1
  • 2
    • 0030767808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unethical trials of interventions to reduce perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus in developing countries
    • P. Lurie and S.M. Wolfe, "Unethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries," New England Journal of Medicine 337 (1997): 853-56.
    • (1997) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.337 , pp. 853-856
    • Lurie, P.1    Wolfe, S.M.2
  • 3
    • 0004177252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Medical Association, "Declaration of Helsinki," at http://www.wma.net/ e/ethicsunit/helsinki.htm.
    • Declaration of Helsinki
  • 4
    • 0035433615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commentary. Justice and medical research: A global perspective
    • S. Benatar, "Commentary. Justice and Medical Research: A Global Perspective," Bioethics 15, no. 4 (2001): 333-40.
    • (2001) Bioethics , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 333-340
    • Benatar, S.1
  • 5
    • 2342428820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The standard of care debate: The Helsinki declaration versus the international consensus opinion
    • R.K. Lie et al., "The Standard of Care Debate: The Helsinki Declaration versus the International Consensus Opinion," Journal of Medical Ethics 30, no. 2 (2004): 190-93;
    • (2004) Journal of Medical Ethics , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 190-193
    • Lie, R.K.1
  • 6
    • 2342427920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The standard of care debate: Against the myth of an 'international consensus opinion
    • U. Schuklenk, "The Standard of Care Debate: Against the Myth of an 'International Consensus Opinion,'" Journal of Medical Ethics 30, no. 2 (2004): 194-97.
    • (2004) Journal of Medical Ethics , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 194-197
    • Schuklenk, U.1
  • 8
    • 0035806721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community-based approaches to HIV-treatment in resource-poor settings
    • P. Farmer et al., "Community-Based Approaches to HIV-Treatment in Resource-Poor Settings," Lancet 358 (2001): 404-409.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , pp. 404-409
    • Farmer, P.1
  • 9
    • 0037172420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV prevention before HAART in sub-Saharan Africa
    • E. Marseille et al., "HIV Prevention before HAART in Sub-Saharan Africa," Lancet 359 (2002): 1851-56.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1851-1856
    • Marseille, E.1
  • 10
    • 0842330267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral therapy in Africa
    • W. Stevens et al., "Antiretroviral Therapy in Africa," British Medical Journal 328 (2004): 280-82.
    • (2004) British Medical Journal , vol.328 , pp. 280-282
    • Stevens, W.1
  • 11
    • 31544478394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models of health care rationing
    • V.H. Schmidt, "Models of Health Care Rationing," Current Sociology 52, no. 6 (2004): 969-88.
    • (2004) Current Sociology , vol.52 , Issue.6 , pp. 969-988
    • Schmidt, V.H.1
  • 12
    • 33745907388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health and Development Discussion Paper #4, Boston University, Center for International Health and Development (February)
    • S. Rosen et al., "Rationing Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV/AIDS in Africa: Efficiency, Equity, and Reality," Health and Development Discussion Paper #4, Boston University, Center for International Health and Development; available at http:// www.bu.edu/dbin/sph/research_centers/ documents/HDDP4- rationingARTinAfrica.pdf〉 (February 2004).
    • (2004) Rationing Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV/AIDS in Africa: Efficiency, Equity, and Reality
    • Rosen, S.1
  • 14
    • 0004171491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press
    • A. Jonsen, The Birth of Bioethics (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1998).
    • (1998) The Birth of Bioethics
    • Jonsen, A.1
  • 15
    • 0028025727 scopus 로고
    • Bioethics in developing countries: Ethics of scarcity and sacrifice
    • C. Olweny, "Bioethics in Developing Countries: Ethics of Scarcity and Sacrifice," Journal of Medical Ethics 20, no. 3 (1994): 169-74.
    • (1994) Journal of Medical Ethics , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 169-174
    • Olweny, C.1
  • 16
    • 33745885484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Which patients first? Setting priorities for antiretroviral therapy where resources are limited
    • Bangkok, Thailand (Abstract WeOrb1277 in abstract program) (July 14)
    • L. McGough et al., "Which Patients First? Setting Priorities for Antiretroviral Therapy Where Resources Are Limited," Presentation at 2004 International AIDS Conference, Bangkok, Thailand (Abstract WeOrb1277 in abstract program) (July 14, 2004).
    • (2004) 2004 International AIDS Conference
    • McGough, L.1
  • 17
    • 33745921613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See the detailed Web page on PEP-FAR at http://www.avert.org/pepfar.htm. Avert is an international HIV/AIDS charity organization based in the U.K.
  • 18
    • 33745902643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defense contractors seek $7 billion drug contract
    • October 14
    • B. Wilson, "Defense Contractors Seek $7 Billion Drug Contract," Morning Edition, National Public Radio, http:// www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php? storyId=4108743 (October 14, 2004);
    • (2004) Morning Edition
    • Wilson, B.1
  • 20
    • 33745887918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Wealth creation and social justice: An IMF perspective," speaking notes prepared for the world council of churches
    • Geneva, February 13-14
    • S. Heller, "Wealth Creation and Social Justice: An IMF Perspective," speaking notes prepared for the World Council of Churches, World Bank/IMF meeting, Geneva, February 13-14, 2003, http:// www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/ 2003/021303a.htm.
    • (2003) World Bank/IMF Meeting
    • Heller, S.1
  • 21
    • 4544278969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Misplaced help in the AIDS fight
    • May 25
    • H. Burkhalter, "Misplaced Help in the AIDS Fight," The Washington Post, May 25, 2004;
    • (2004) The Washington Post
    • Burkhalter, H.1
  • 22
    • 0043032231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public health in Africa
    • ed. R. Beaglehole (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press)
    • D. Sanders et al., "Public Health in Africa," in Global Public Health: A New Era, ed. R. Beaglehole (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 2003).
    • (2003) Global Public Health: A New Era
    • Sanders, D.1
  • 26
    • 15744361977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing equitable antiretroviral allocation strategies in resource-constrained countries
    • Wilson and Blower (2005) offer a novel spatial mathematical model for dealing with the "where" question. Using South Africa as an example, they calculate where clinics dispensing ARVs should be placed given the numbers of people needing treatment, and how many drugs should be allocated to each clinic. D. Wilson and S. Blower, "Designing Equitable Antiretroviral Allocation Strategies in Resource-Constrained Countries," PLoS Medicine 2, no. 2 (2005): e50.
    • (2005) PLoS Medicine , vol.2 , Issue.2
    • Wilson, D.1    Blower, S.2
  • 27
    • 18244406252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing an equitable strategy for allocating antiretroviral treatments
    • The study uses a thin conception of treatment equity as "equidistance to treatment," however, and it fails to factor in relevant nongeographic barriers to treatment access such as gender, income, presence of family support, workplace issues, and so on. For similar criticism see A. Capron and A. Reis, "Designing an Equitable Strategy for Allocating Antiretroviral Treatments," PLoS Medicine 2, no. 3 (2005): e69.
    • (2005) PLoS Medicine , vol.2 , Issue.3
    • Capron, A.1    Reis, A.2
  • 28
    • 12344325746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hard choices: Rationing antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS in Africa
    • S. Rosen et al., "Hard Choices: Rationing Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV/AIDS in Africa," Lancet 365 (2005): 354-56.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 354-356
    • Rosen, S.1
  • 29
    • 33745891638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to achieve fair distribution of ARTs in 3 by 5
    • background paper (January 26-27)
    • N. Daniels, "How to Achieve Fair Distribution of ARTs in 3 by 5," background paper for the Consultation on Equitable Access to Treatment and Care for HIV/AIDS (January 26-27, 2004), WHO/UNAIDS; http://www.who.int/ ethics/en/ background-daniels3.pdf.
    • (2004) Consultation on Equitable Access to Treatment and Care for HIV/AIDS
    • Daniels, N.1
  • 30
    • 0013076003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Playing God with HIV: Rationing HIV treatment in Southern Africa
    • R. Cheek, "Playing God with HIV: Rationing HIV treatment in Southern Africa," African Security Review 10, no. 4 (2001).
    • (2001) African Security Review , vol.10 , Issue.4
    • Cheek, R.1
  • 32
    • 84906423736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human ethical issues arising in ARV scale-up in resource constrained settings
    • ed. J. Curran (Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press)
    • A. Wasunna, "Human Ethical Issues Arising in ARV Scale-Up in Resource Constrained Settings," in Scaling Up Treatment for Global AIDS, ed. J. Curran (Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press, 2004).
    • (2004) Scaling Up Treatment for Global AIDS
    • Wasunna, A.1
  • 34
    • 33745896044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uganda receives $37 million in US AIDS funding, plans to provide antiretrovirals to government workers
    • February 4
    • "Uganda Receives $37 Million in US AIDS Funding, Plans to Provide Antiretrovirals to Government Workers," Kaiser Daily HIV/AIDS Report, February 4, 2004; http://www.kaisernetwork.org/daily_reports/rep_index. cfm?hint=1&DR=22022.
    • (2004) Kaiser Daily HIV/AIDS Report
  • 36
    • 33745916274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personal communication
    • Personal communication.
  • 37
    • 0242320934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV and stakeholder decision-making in Uganda: Implications for health policy
    • L. Kapiriri et. al., "The Relationship between Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV and Stakeholder Decision-Making in Uganda: Implications for Health Policy," Health Policy 66 (2003): 199-211.
    • (2003) Health Policy , vol.66 , pp. 199-211
    • Kapiriri, L.1
  • 38
    • 0042378447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global health ethics: The rationale for mutual sharing
    • For a vision of this "sea change" and its underlying rationale, see S. Benatar, A. Daar, and P. Singer, "Global Health Ethics: The Rationale for Mutual Sharing," International Affairs 79, no. 1 (2003): 107-38.
    • (2003) International Affairs , vol.79 , Issue.1 , pp. 107-138
    • Benatar, S.1    Daar, A.2    Singer, P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.