Optimal parameters for the treatment of leg veins using Nd:YAG lasers at 1064 nm

British Journal of Dermatology

Volumn 155, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 364-371

  Baumler W ^a   Ulrich, H ^a   Hartl, A ^a   Landthaler, M ^a   Shafirstein, G ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF REGENSBURG   (Germany)

^b ARKANSAS CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Laser; Leg veins; Mathematical model; Selective photothermolysis

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; ENERGY TRANSFER; HEAT TREATMENT; LEG THROMBOSIS; LEG VEIN; LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; NEODYMIUM LASER; PHOTOTHERAPY; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULSE GENERATOR; THERMAL INJURY; VEIN DIAMETER;

COMPUTER SIMULATION; HUMANS; LASER COAGULATION; LEG; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; SKIN DISEASES, VASCULAR; TELANGIECTASIS; TEMPERATURE; VARICOSE VEINS; VEINS;

EID: 33745890647     PISSN: 00070963     EISSN: 13652133     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07314.x     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Black JF, Barton JK. Chemical and structural changes in blood undergoing laser photocoagulation. Photochem Photobiol 2004; 80:89-97.
2. Lahaye CT, van Gemert MJ. Optimal laser parameters for port wine stain therapy: a theoretical approach. Phys Med Biol 1985; 30:573-87.
3. Anderson RR, Parrish JA. Selective photothermolysis: precise microsurgery by selective absorption of pulsed radiation. Science 1983; 220:524-7.
4. Tan OT, Whitaker D, Garden JM, Murphy G. Pulsed dye laser (577 nm) treatment of portwine stains: ultrastructural evidence of neovascularization and mast cell degranulation in healed lesions. J Invest Dermatol 1988; 90:395-8.
5. Hammes S, Raulin C. Evaluation of different temperatures in cold air cooling with pulsed-dye laser treatment of facial telangiectasia. Lasers Surg Med 2005; 36:136-40.
6. Ackermann G, Hartmann M, Scherer K et al. Correlations between light penetration into skin and the therapeutic outcome following laser therapy of port-wine stains. Lasers Med Sci 2002; 17:70-8.
7. Kimel S, Svaasand LO, Hammer-Wilson M et al. Differential vascular response to laser photothermolysis. J Invest Dermatol 1994; 103:693-700.
8. Lanigan SW, Taibjee SM. Recent advances in laser treatment of port-wine stains. Br J Dermatol 2004; 151:527-33.
9. Suthamjariya K, Farinelli WA, Koh W, Anderson RR. Mechanisms of microvascular response to laser pulses. J Invest Dermatol 2004; 122:518-25.
10. van Gemert MJ, Welch AJ, Pickering JW et al. Wavelengths for laser treatment of port wine stains and telangiectasia. Lasers Surg Med 1995; 16:147-55.
11. Loo WJ, Lanigan SW. Recent advances in laser therapy for the treatment of cutaneous vascular disorders. Lasers Med Sci 2002; 17:9-12.
12. Kauvar AN, Lou WW. Pulsed alexandrite laser for the treatment of leg telangiectasia and reticular veins. Arch Dermatol 2000; 136:1371-5.
13. Eremia S, Li C, Umar SH. A side-by-side comparative study of 1064 nm Nd:YAG, 810 nm diode and 755 nm alexandrite lasers for treatment of 0.3-3 mm leg veins. Dermatol Surg 2002; 28:224-30.
14. Omura NE, Dover JS, Arndt KA, Kauvar AN. Treatment of reticular leg veins with a 1064 nm long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003; 48:76-81.
15. Rogachefsky AS, Becker K, Weiss G, Goldberg DJ. Evaluation of a long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser at different parameters: an analysis of both fluence and pulse duration. Dermatol Surg 2002; 28:932-5.
16. Weiss RA, Weiss MA. Early clinical results with a multiple synchronized pulse 1064 nm laser for leg teleangiectasias and reticular veins. Dermatol Surg 1999; 25:399-402.
17. Sadick NS, Prieto VG, Shea CR et al. Clinical and patho-physiologic correlates of 1064-nm Nd:Yag laser treatment of reticular veins and venulectasias. Arch Dermatol 2001; 137:613-17.
18. Trelles MA, Allones I, Martin-Vazquez MJ et al. Long pulse Nd:YAG laser for treatment of leg veins in 40 patients with assessments at 6 and 12 months. Lasers Surg Med 2004; 35:68-76.
19. Levy JL, Elbahr C, Jouve E, Mordon S. Comparison and sequential study of long pulsed Nd:YAG 1,064 nm laser and sclerotherapy in leg telangiectasias treatment. Lasers Surg Med 2004; 34:273-6.
20. Coles CM, Werner RS, Zelickson BD. Comparative pilot study evaluating the treatment of leg veins with a long pulse Nd:YAG laser and sclerotherapy. Lasers Surg Med 2002; 30:154-9.
21. Passeron T, Olivier V, Duteil L et al. The new 940-nanometer diode laser: an effective treatment for leg venulectasia. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003; 48:768-74.
22. Lupton JR, Alster TS, Romero P. Clinical comparison of sclerotherapy versus long-pulsed Nd:YAG treatment for lower extremity telangiectases. Dermatol Surg 2002; 28:694-7.
23. Chen JZ, Alexiades-Armenakas MR, Bernstein LJ et al. Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies evaluating the S-Caine Peel for induction of local anesthesia before long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser therapy for leg veins. Dermatol Surg 2003: 29:1012-18.
24. Shafirstein G, Bäumler W, Lapidoth M et al. A new mathematical approach to the diffusion approximation theory for selective photothermolysis modelling and its implication in laser treatment of port-wine stains. Lasers Surg Med 2004; 34:335-47.
25. Welch AJ, van Gemert MJ (eds).Optical-Thermal Response of Laser-Irradiated Tissue. New York: Plenum Press, 1995; Chapter 9.
26. Roggan A, Dörschel K, Minet O et al. The optical properties of biological tissue in the near infrared wavelength range - review and measurements. In: Laser-Induced Interstitial Thermotherapy (Müller GJ, Roggan A, eds). Bellingham, WA: SPIE, 1995; 10-44.
27. Sapareto SA, Dewey WC. Thermal dose determination in cancer therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1984; 10:787-800.
28. Kono T, Yamaki T, Ercocen AR et al. Treatment of leg veins with the long pulse dye laser using variable pulse durations and energy fluences. Lasers Surg Med 2004; 35:62-7.
29. Hohenleutner U, Walther T, Wenig M et al. Leg telangiectasia treatment with a 1.5 ms pulsed dye laser, ice cube cooling of the skin and 595 vs 600 nm: preliminary results. Lasers Surg Med 1998; 23:72-8.
30. Ross EV, Domankevitz Y. Laser treatment of leg veins: physical mechanisms and theoretical considerations. Lasers Surg Med 2005; 36:105-16.
31. Randeberg LL, Bonesronning JH, Dalaker M et al. Methaemoglobin formation during laser induced photothermolysis of vascular skin lesions. Lasers Surg Med 2004; 34:414-19.
32. Kuenstner A, Norris KH. Spectrophotometry of human haemoglobin in the near infrared region from 100 to 2500 nm. J Near Infrared Spectrosc 1994; 2:59-65.
33. Ozturk S, Hoopman J, Brown SA et al. A useful algorithm for determining fluence and pulse width for vascular targets using 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser in an animal model. Lasers Surg Med 2004; 34:420-5.
34. Majaron B, Svaasand LO, Aguilar G, Nelson JS. Intermittent cryogen spray cooling for optimal heat extraction during dermatologic laser treatment. Phys Med Biol 2002; 47:3275-88.
35. Falati S, Gross P, Merrill-Skoloff G et al. Real-time in vivo imaging of platelets, tissue factor and fibrin during arterial thrombus formation in the mouse. Nat Med 2002; 8:1175-81.
36. Rosen ED, Raymond S, Zollman A et al. Laser-induced noninvasive vascular injury models in mice generate platelet- and coagulation-dependent thrombi. Am J Pathol 2001; 158:1613-22.
37. Babilas P, Shafirstein G, Bäumler W et al. Selective photothermolysis of blood vessels following FPDL-irradiation: in vivo results and mathematical modelling are in agreement. J Invest Dermatol 2005; 125:335-42.