Molecular phylogeny of African Rytidosperma-affiliated danthonioid grasses reveals generic polyphyly and convergent evolution in spikelet morphology

Taxon

Volumn 55, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 337-348

  Verboom, G Anthony ^a   Ntsohi, Refiloe ^a,b   Barker, Nigel P ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

^b Department of Conservation ^*  (Lesotho)

^c RHODES UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Convergent evolution; Danthonioideae; Morphology; Phylogeny; Polyphyletic taxa

Indexed keywords

CONVERGENT EVOLUTION; GRASS; MORPHOLOGY; PHYLOGENETICS;

AFRICA; SOUTHERN AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;

DANTHONIOIDEAE; KARROOCHLOA; POACEAE; RYTIDOSPERMA; SCHISMUS; TRIBOLIUM (GRASS);

EID: 33745864333     PISSN: 00400262     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/25065581     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Adamson, R. S. & Sprague, T. A. 1941. The genus Plagiochloa. J. S. Afr. Bot. 7: 89-91.
2. Albach, D. C. & Chase, M. W. 2003. Incongruence in Veroniceae (Plantaginaceae): evidence from two plastid and a nuclear ribosomal DNA region. Molec. Phylog. Evol. 32: 183-197.
3. Alvarez, I. & Wendel, J. F. 2003. Ribosomal ITS sequences and plant phylogenetic inference. Molec. Phylog. Evol. 29: 417-434.
4. Backlund, A. & Bremer, K. 1998. To be or not to be - principles of classification and monotypic plant families. Taxon 47: 391-400.
5. Barker, N. P. 1993. A biosystematic study of Pentameris (Arundineae: Poaceae). Bothalia 23: 25-47.
6. Barker, N. P. 1994. External fruit morphology of southern African Arundineae (Arundinoideae: Poaceae). Bothalia 24: 55-66.
7. Barker, N. P. 1995. A systematic study of Pseudopentameris (Arundinoideae: Poaceae). Bothalia 25: 141-148.
8. Barker, N. P., Linder, H. P. & Harley, E. H. 1995. Polyphyly of Arundinoideae (Poaceae): evidence from rbcL sequence data. Syst. Bot. 20: 423-435.
9. Barker, N. P., Linder, H. P. & Harley, E. H. 1999. Sequences of the grass-specific insert in the chloroplast rpoC2 gene elucidate generic relationships of the Arundinoideae (Poaceae). Syst. Bot. 23: 327-350.
10. Barker, N., Linder, H., Morton, C. & Lyle, M. 2003. The paraphyly of Cortaderia (Danthonioideae; Poaceae): evidence from morphology and chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequence data. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 90: 1-24.
11. Barker, N. P., Morton, C. M. & Linder, H. P. 2000. The Danthonieae: generic composition and relationships. Pp. 221-229 in: Jacobs, S. W. L. & Everett, J. (eds.), Grass Systematics and Evolution. CSIRO, Melbourne.
12. Buckler, E. S., Ippolito, A. & Holtsford, T. P. 1997. The evolution of ribosomal DNA: divergent paralogues and phylogenetic implications. Genetics 145: 821-832.
13. Chippendall, L. K. A. 1955. A guide to the identification of grasses in South Africa. Pp. 1-527 in: Meredith, D. (ed.), The Grasses and Pastures of South Africa. Central News Agency, Cape Town.
14. Clayton, W. D. & Renvoize, S. A. 1986. Genera Graminum. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.
15. Conert, H. J. 1971. The genus Danthonia in Africa. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 10: 299-308.
16. Conert, H. J. & Tuerpe, A. M. 1969. Karroochloa, eine neue Gattung der Gramineen. Senckenbergiana Biol. 50: 289-318.
17. Conert, H. J. & Tuerpe, A. M. 1974. Revision der Gattung Schismus. Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 532: 1-81.
18. Connor, H. E. & Edgar, E. 1979. Rytidosperma Steudel (Notodanthonia Zotov) in New Zealand. N. Z. J. Bot. 17: 311-337.
19. Crisp, M. D. & Chandler, G. T. 1996. Paraphyletic species. Telopea 6: 813-844.
20. Edgar, E. & Connor, H. E. 2000. Flora of New Zealand. V. Gramineae. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln.
21. Farris, J. S. 1970. Methods for computing Wagner trees. Syst. Zool. 19: 83-92.
22. Felsenstein, J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39: 783-791.
23. Fitch, W. M. 1971. Non-additive analysis. Towards defining the course of evolution: minimum change for a specific topology. Syst. Zool. 19: 172-191.
24. Garnier, L. K. M. & Dajoz, I. 2001. Evolutionary significance of awn length variation in a clonal grass of fire-prone savannas. Ecology 82: 1720-1733.
25. Gawel, N. & Jarret, R. 1991. A modified CTAB DNA extraction procedure for Musa and Ipomaea. Plant Molec. Biol. Rep. 9: 262-266.
26. Gibbs Russell, G. E., Watson, L., Koekemoer, M., Smook, L., Barker, N. P., Anderson, H. M. & Dallwitz, M. J. 1990. Grasses of Southern Africa. National Botanic Gardens/Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria.
27. GPWG (The Grass Phylogeny Working Group: Barker, N. P., Clark, L. Davis, J. I., Duvall, M. R., Guala, G., Hsiao, C., Kellogg, E. A., Linder, H. P., Mason-Gamer, R., Mathews, S., Simmons, M., Soreng, R. & Spangler, R.). 2001. Phylogeny and subfamilial classification of the grasses (Poaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard 88: 373-457.
28. Hsiao, C., Jacobs, S. W. L., Barker, N. P. & Chatterton, N. J. 1998. A molecular phylogeny of the subfamily Arundinoideae (Poaceae) based on sequences of rDNA. Austr. Syst. Bot. 11: 41-52.
29. Huelsenbeck, J. P. & Rannala, B. 2004. Frequentist properties of phylogenetic trees under simple and complex substitution models. Syst. Biol. 53: 904-913.
30. Huelsenbeck, J. P. & Ronquist, F. 2001. MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogeny. Biometrics 17: 754-755.
31. Levin, D. A. 1993. Local speciation in plants - the rule not the exception. Syst. Bot. 18: 197-208.
32. Linder, H. P. 1997. Nomenclatural corrections in the Rytidosperma complex (Danthonieae, Poaceae). Telopea 7: 269-274.
33. Linder, H. P. 2005. Danthonioideae. Pp. 19-70 in: Mallett, K. (ed.), Flora of Australia, vol. 44B, Poaceae 3. ASBS, Canberra/ CSIRO, Collingwood.
34. Linder, H. P. & Davidse, G. 1997. The systematics of Tribolium Desv. (Danthonieae: Poaceae). Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 119: 445-507.
35. Linder, H. P. & Verboom, G. A. 1996. Generic limits in the Rytidosperma (Danthonieae, Poaceae) complex. Telopea 6: 597-627.
36. Maddison, W. P. & Maddison, D. R. 2000. MacClade, version 4.0. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
37. McDade, L. A. 1992. Hybrids and phylogenetic systematics. 1. The impact of hybrids on cladistic analysis. Evolution 46: 1329-1346.
38. Mitchell, M. 1991. The status of native grasses in Victoria. Pp. 105-110 in: Dowling, P. M. & Garden, D. L. (eds.), Native Grass Workshop Proceedings. Australian Wool Corporation, Melbourne.
39. Peart, M. H. 1979. Experiments on the biological significance of the morphology of seed dispersal units in grasses. J. Ecol. 67: 843-863.
40. Peart, M. H. 1981. Further experiments on the biological significance of the morphology of seed dispersal units in grasses. J. Ecol. 69: 425-436.
41. Peart, M. H. 1984. The effects of morphology, orientation and position of grass diaspores on seedling survival. J. Ecol. 72: 437-453.
42. Peart, M. H. & Clifford, H. T. 1987. The influence of diaspore morphology and soil-surface properties on the distribution of grasses. J. Ecol. 75: 569-576.
43. Posada, D. & Crandall, K. A. 1998. MODELTEST: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 14: 817-818.
44. Schrire, B. D. & Lewis, G. P. 1996. Monophyly: a criterion for generic delimitation, with special reference to Leguminosae. Pp. 353-370 in: van der Maesen, L. J. G., van der Burgt, X. M. & van Medenbach de Rooy, J. M. (eds.), The Biodiversity of African Plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
45. Shimodaira, H. & Hasegawa, M. 1999. Multiple comparisons of log-likelihoods with applications to phyogenetic inference. Mol. Biol. Evol. 16: 1114-1116.
46. Simmons, M. & Ochoterena, H. 2000. Gaps as characters in sequence-based phylogenetic analyses. Syst. Biol. 49: 369-381.
47. Soltis, D. E., Johnson, L. A. & Looney, C. 1996. Discordance between ITS and chloroplast topologies in the Boykinia group (Saxifragaceae). Syst. Bot. 21: 169-185.
48. Soltis, D. E. & Kuzoff, R. K. 1995. Discordance between nuclear and chloroplast phylogenies in the Heuchera group (Saxifragaceae). Evolution 49: 727-742.
49. Spies, J. J., Davidse, G. & Du Plessis, H. 1992. Cytogenetic studies in the genus Tribolium (Poaceae: Arundineae). Amer. J. Bot. 79: 689-700.
50. Spies, J. J. & Du Plessis, H. 1988. Chromosome studies on African plants. 6. Bothalia 18: 111-123.
51. Swofford, D. L. 2002. PAUP*. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods). 4.0b2a. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
52. Taberlet, P., Gielly, L., Pautou, G. & Bouvet, J. 1991. Universal primers for amplification of three non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA. Plant Molec. Biol. 17: 1105-1109.
53. Templeton, A. R. 1983. Phylogenetic inference from restriction endonuclease cleavage site maps with particular reference to the evolution of humans and the apes. Evolution 37: 221-244.
54. Visser, N. C. & Spies, J. J. 1994a. Cytogenetic studies in the genus Tribolium (Poaceae: Danthonieae). I. A taxonomical overview. S. Afr. J. Bot. 60: 127-131.
55. Visser, N. C. & Spies, J. J. 1994b. Cytogenetic studies in the genus Tribolium (Poaceae: Danthonieae). II. A report on embryo sac development, with special reference to the occurrence of apomixis in diploid specimens. S. Afr. J. Bot. 60: 22-26.
56. Visser, N. C. & Spies, J. J. 1994c. Cytogenetic studies in the genus Tribolium (Poaceae: Danthonieae). III. Section Tribolium. S. Afr. J. Bot. 60: 31-39.
57. Visser, N. C. & Spies, J. J. 1994d. Cytogenetic studies in the genus Tribolium (Poaceae: Danthonieae). IV. Section Uniolae. S. Afr. J. Bot. 60: 279-284.
58. Visser, N. C. & Spies, J. J. 1994e. Cytogenetic studies in the genus Tribolium (Poaceae: Danthonieae). V. Section Acutiflorae, related genera, and conclusions. S. Afr. J. Bot. 60: 285-292.
59. Whalley, R. D. B. 1991. Native grasses in pastures in New South Wales. Pp. 95-104 in: Dowling, P. M. & Garden, D. L. (eds.), Native Grass Workshop Proceedings. Australian Wool Corporation, Melbourne.
60. White, T. J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. Pp. 315-322 in: Innis, M., Gelfand, D., Sninsky, J. & White, T. (eds.), PCR Protocols: a Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, New York.