Regional differences in response of flow in glacier-fed Himalayan rivers to climatic warming

Hydrological Processes

Volumn 20, Issue 10, 2006, Pages 2157-2169

  Rees, H Gwyn ^a,b   Collins, David N ^b  

^a CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SALFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Climatic warming; Glacier recession; Himalaya; River flow

Indexed keywords

FLOW MEASUREMENT; FLOW OF WATER; GLACIERS; GLOBAL WARMING; ICE; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY);

CLIMATIC WARMING; GLACIER RECESSION; HYDROGLACIOLOGICAL MODEL; RIVER FLOW;

RIVERS;

FLOW MEASUREMENT; FLOW OF WATER; GLACIERS; GLOBAL WARMING; ICE; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY); RIVERS;

GLACIER RETREAT; GLOBAL WARMING; RIVER DISCHARGE; RIVER FLOW; SNOWMELT;

ASIA; EURASIA; HIMALAYAS;

EID: 33745856572     PISSN: 08856087     EISSN: 10991085     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/hyp.6209     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (36)

1. Ageta Y, Naito N, Nakawo M, Fujita K, Shankar K, Pokhrel AP, Wangda D. 2001. Study project on the recent rapid shrinkage of summer-accumulation type glaciers in the Himalayas, 1997-1999. Bulletin of Glaciological Research 18: 45-49.
2. Archer DR. 2003. Contrasting hydrological regimes in the Indus basin. Journal of Hydrology 274: 198-210.
3. Bell VA, Moore RJ. 1999. An elevation-dependent snowmelt model for upland Britain. Hydrological Processes 13: 1887-1903.
4. Braun LN, Grabs W, Rana B. 1993. Application of a conceptual precipitation-runoff model in the Langtang Khola basin, Nepal Himalaya. In Snow and Glacier Hydrology, Young GJ (ed.). LAHS Publication No. 218. IAHS Press: Wallingford; 221-237.
5. Collins DN, Macdonald OG, Reynolds AC, Rees HG. 2002. Climatic variation, mass balance and runoff from European glacierised mountain basins. In Proceedings of Eighth National Hydrology Symposium, British Hydrological Society, University of Birmingham, 8-11 September; 67-73.
6. Dyurgerov MB. 2005. Mass balance of mountain and sub-polar glaciers outside the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. Supplement to Occasional Paper No. 55, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado (distributed by National Snow and Ice Data Center, Boulder, CO).
7. Dyurgerov MB, Meier MF. 1997. Mass balance of mountain and subpolar glaciers: a new global assessment for 1961-1990. Arctic and Alpine Research 29(4): 379-391.
8. Dyurgerov MB, Meier MF. 2000. Twentieth century climate change: evidence from small glaciers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 97(4): 1406-1411.
9. ESRI. 1993. Digital Chart of the World for Use with ARC/INFO: Data Dictionary. ESRI: Redlands, CA.
10. Fujita K, Kadota T, Rana B, Kayastha RB, Ageta Y. 2001. Shrinkage of Glacier AX010 in Shorong region, Nepal Himalayas in 1990s. Bulletin of Glaciological Research 18: 51-54.
11. Fukushima Y, Watanabe O, Higuchi K. 1991. Estimation of streamflow change by global warming in a glacier-covered high mountain area of the Nepal Himalaya. In Snow, Hydrology and Forests in High Alpine Areas, Bergmann H, Lang H, Frey W, Issler D, Salm B (eds). IAHS Publication No. 205. IAHS Press: Wallingford; 181-188.
12. Hock R. 2003. Temperature index melt modelling in mountain area. Journal of Hydrology 282(1-4): 104-115. DOI: 10-1016/S00221694(03)00257-9.
13. Houghton JT, Ding Y, Griggs DJ, Noguer M, van der Linden PJ, Dai X, Maskell K, Johnson CA (eds). 2001. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
14. ICIMOD. 2000. Inventory of Glaciers, Glacial Lakes and Glacial Lake Outburst Floods - Monitoring and Early Warming Systems in the Hindu Kush - Himalayan Region - Nepal, International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development: Kathmandu, Nepal.
15. Kadota T, Seko K, Aoki T, Iwata S, Yamaguchi S. 2000. Shrinkage of the Khumbu Glacier, east Nepal 1978 to 1995. In Debris-Covered Glaciers, Nakawo M, Raymond CF, Fountain A (eds). IAHS Publication No. 264. IAHS Press: Wallingford; 235-243.
16. Kaul MK (ed.). 1999. Inventory of the Himalayan Glaciers. A Contribution to the International Hydrological Programme. Geological Survey of India Special Publication No. 34. GSI: Calcutta.
17. Kayastha RB, Ageta Y, Nakawo M. 2000. Positive degree-day factors for ablation on glaciers in the Nepalese Himalaya: case study on Glacier AX010 in Shorong Himal, Nepal. Bulletin of Glaciological Research 17: 1-10.
18. Moore RJ. 1985. The probability-distributed principle and runoff production at point and basin scales. Hydrological Sciences Journal 30: 273-297
19. Müller F, Caflish T, Müller G. 1977. Instruction for compilation and assemblage of data for a world glacier inventory. Temporary Technical Secretariat for World Glacier Inventory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich.
20. Naithani AK, Nainwal HV, Sati KK, Prasad C. 2001. Geomorphological evidences of retreat of the Gangotri Glacier and its characteristics. Current Science 80(1): 87-94.
21. New MG, Hulme M, Jones PD. 2000. Representing twentieth-century space-time climate variability. Part II: development of 1901-1996 monthly grids of terrestrial surface climate. Journal of Climate 13: 2217-2238.
22. Pearce F. 1999. Flooded out: retreating glaciers spell disaster for valley communities. New Scientist 162(2189): 18.
23. Quick MC, Pipes A. 1977. UBC watershed model. Hydrological Sciences Bulletin 22: 161-253.
24. Sharma KP, Vorosmarty CJ, Moore B. 2000. Sensitivity of the Himalayan hydrology to land-use and climatic changes. Climatic Change 47: 117-139.
25. Shrestha AB, Wake CP, Mayewski PA, Dibb JE. 1999. Maximum temperature trends in the Himalaya and its vicinity: an analysis based on temperature records from Nepal for the period 1971-94. Journal of Climate 12: 2775-2786.
26. Singh P, Bengtsson L. 2003. Effect of warmer climate on the depletion of snow-covered area in the Satluj basin in the western Himalayan region. Hydrological Sciences Journal 48(3): 413-425.
27. Singh P, Bengtsson L. 2005. Impact of warmer climate on melt and evaporation for the rainfed, snowfed and glacierfed basins in the Himalayan region. Journal of Hydrology 300: 140-154.
28. Singh P, Jain SK. 2003. Modelling of streamflow and its components for a large Himalayan basin with predominant snowmelt yields. Hydrological Sciences Journal 48(2): 257-276.
29. Singh P, Kumar N. 1997a. Impact assessment of climate change on the hydrological response of a snow and glacier melt runoff dominated Himalayan river. Journal of Hydrology 193: 316-350.
30. Singh P, Kumar N. 1997b. Effect of orography on precipitation in the western Himalayan region. Journal of Hydrology 199: 183-206.
31. Singh P, Kumar N, Arora M. 2000. Degree-day factors for snow and ice for Dokriani Glacier, Garhwal Himalayas. Journal of Hydrology 235: 1-11.
32. USGS. 2001. United States Geological Survey HYDRO1k elevation derivative database (Asia). Distributed by the Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LPDAAC), at the USGS EROS Data Center.
33. Vorosmarty CJ, Moore B, Grace AL, Gildea MP, Melillo JM, Peterson BJ, Rasetter EB, Steudler PA. 1989. Continental scale models of water balance and fluvial transport: an application to South America. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 3: 241-265.
34. Watson RT, Zinyowera MC, Moss RH (eds). 1996. Climate Change 1995. Impacts, Adaptation and Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific and Technical Analyses. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
35. WWF. 2005. An overview of glaciers, glacier retreat, and subsequent impacts in Nepal, India and China. World Wildlife Fund, Nepal Program.
36. Young GJ, Hewitt K. 1988. Hydrology research in the upper Indus basin, Karakoram Himalaya, Pakistan. In Hydrology of Mountainous Areas, Molnár L (ed.). IAHS Publication No. 190. IAHS Press: Wallingford; 139-152.