Three-dimensional analysis of water infiltration into the Gouhou rockfill dam using saturated-unsaturated seepage theory

Canadian Geotechnical Journal

Volumn 43, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 449-461

  Chen, Qun ^a   Zhang, Limin ^b  

^a SICHUAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b HONG KONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Numerical analysis; Rockfill dam; Seepage; Seepage failure; Unsaturated soils; Wetting front

Indexed keywords

ANISOTROPY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FLOW OF WATER; INFILTRATION; RESERVOIRS (WATER); SATURATION (MATERIALS COMPOSITION); SEEPAGE;

HYDRAULIC GRADIENTS; SATURATED-UNSATURATED SEEPAGE THEORY; STRATIFICATIONS;

EMBANKMENT DAMS;

ANISOTROPY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; EMBANKMENT DAMS; FLOW OF WATER; INFILTRATION; RESERVOIRS (WATER); SATURATION (MATERIALS COMPOSITION); SEEPAGE;

INFILTRATION; ROCKFILL DAM; SEEPAGE; VADOSE ZONE; WETTING FRONT;

EID: 33745810972     PISSN: 00083674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/T06-011     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Aral, M.M., and Maslia, M.L. 1983. Unsteady seepage analysis of Wallace Dam. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 109(6): 809-826.
2. Bathe, K.J., and Khoshagoftaar, M.R. 1979. Finite element free surface seepage analysis without mesh iteration. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 3(1): 13-22.
3. Chang, C.S. 1987. Boundary element method in drawdown seepage analysis for earth dams. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 1(2): 83-98.
4. Chen, Z.Y., and Zhao, Y.Z. 1996. Slope stability study of the Gouhou Dam. Qinghai Water Power. Xining, China, 15(1): 37-42.
5. Chen, Q., Zhang, L.M., and Zhu, F.Q. 2005. Effects of material stratification on the seepage field in a rockfill dam. In Proceedings of the 2nd Chinese National Symposium on Unsaturated Soils, Hangzhou, China, 23-24 April 2005. Chinese Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Society, Beijing, China. pp. 508-515.
6. Desai, C.S. 1972. Seepage analysis of banks under drawdown. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Engineering Division, ASCE, 98(1): 1143-1162.
7. Dvinoff, A.B., and Harr, M.E. 1971. Phreatic surface location after drawdown. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Engineering Division, ASCE, 97(1): 47-58.
8. Fell, R., MacGregor, P., and Stapledon, D. 1992. Geotechnical engineering of embankment dams. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
9. Foster, M., Fell, R., and Spannagle, M. 2002. The statistics of embankment dam failures and accidents, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 37: 1000-1024.
10. Fredlund, D.G., and Morgenstern, N.R. 1977. Stress state variables for unsaturated soils. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, 103(5): 447-466.
11. Fredlund, D.G., and Rahardjo, H. 1993. Soil mechanics for unsaturated soils. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.
12. Fredlund, D.G., Xing, A., and Huang, S. 1994. Predicting the permeability function for unsaturated soils using the soil-water characteristic curve. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 31: 533-546.
13. Fredlund, M.D., Wilson, G.W., and Fredlund, D.G. 2002. Use of the grain-size distribution for estimation of the soil-water characteristic curve. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 39: 1103-1117.
14. Freeze, R.A. 1971. Influence of the unsaturated flow domain on seepage through earth dams. Water Resources Research, 7(4): 929-941.
15. Gouhou Dam Failure Investigation Team. 1996. Technical details of the Gouhou Dam. In Gouhou concrete-faced rockfill dam - design, construction, operation, and failure. Edited by China National Flood and Drought Prevention Office. Water Conservancy and Hydropower Press, Beijing, China. pp. 111-245.
16. Gupta, C.S., Bruch, J.C., Jr., and Comincioli, V. 1986. Three-dimensional unsteady seepage through an earth dam with accretion. Engineering Computations (Swansea, Wales), 3(1): 2-10.
17. Lam, L., Fredlund, D.G., and Barbour, S.L. 1987. Transient seepage model for saturated-unsaturated soil systems: a geotechnical engineering approach. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 24: 565-580.
18. Liu, J., and Miao, L.J. 1996. Experimental study of seepage and seepage stability of Gouhou rockfill materials. In Gouhou concrete-faced rockfill dam - design, construction, operation, and failure. Edited by China National Flood and Drought Prevention Office. Water Conservancy and Hydropower Press, Beijing, China. pp. 18-25.
19. Liu, J., Ding, L.Q., Miao, L.J., and Yang, K.H. 1998. Model study on failure mechanisms of the Goubou rockfill dam. Chinese Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Beijing, 29(11): 69-75.
20. Neuman, S.P. 1972. Saturated-unsaturated seepage by finite elements. Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, 99(12): 2233-2250.
21. Ng, K.L.A., and Small, J.C. 1995. Simulation of dams constructed with unsaturated fills during construction and impounding. In Unsaturated soils. Edited by E.E. Alonso and P. Delage. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. pp. 281-286.
22. Ng, C.W.W., Wang, B., and Tung, Y.K. 2001. Three-dimensional numerical investigations of groundwater responses in an unsaturated slope subjected to various rainfall patterns. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 38: 1049-1062.
23. PDE Solutions Inc. 2003. FlexPDE 3 reference manual. PDE Solutions Inc., Antioch, Calif.
24. Russo, D., Zaidel, J., and Laufer, A. 1998. Numerical analysis of flow and transport in a three-dimensional partially saturated heterogeneous soil. Water Resources Research, 34(6): 1451-1468.
25. Singh, B., and Varshney, R.S. 1995. Engineering for embankment dams. A.A. Balkema, Brookfield, Vt.
26. SoilVision Systems Ltd. 2003. SVFlux user manual 3.12, saturated/ unsaturated finite element 2D/3D seepage modeling. SoilVision Systems Ltd., Saskatoon, Sask.
27. USCOLD. 1988. Lessons from dam incidents. USA-II. Subcommittee of Dam Incidents and Accidents, Committee on Dam Safety, U.S. Committee on Large Dams (USCOLD), American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), New York.
28. Xie, H.Q., He, J.D., Zhang, J.H., and Xie, J.Q. 2001. 3D seepage flow characteristics in the right bank of the Zipingpu project. Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition), Chengdu, China, 33(6): 10-13.
29. Zhou, Q.Y., Shimada, J., and Sato, A. 2002. Temporal variations of the three-dimensional rainfall infiltration process in heterogeneous soil. Water Resources Research, 38(4): 1-1-1-16.