Occupational exposure to Pfiesteria species in estuarine waters is not a risk factor for illness

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 114, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 1038-1043

  Morris Jr , J Glenn ^a   Grattan, Lynn M ^a   Wilson, Leslie A ^a   Meyer, Walter A ^a   McCarter, Robert ^a   Bowers, Holly A ^b   Hebel, J Richard ^a   Matuszak, Diane L ^a,c   Oldach, David W ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b INSTITUTE OF HUMAN VIROLOGY   (United States)

^c MARYLAND DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND MENTAL HYGIENE   (United States)

Author keywords

Commercial fishermen; Dinoflagellates; Environmental toxins; Neuropsychological testing; Occupational health; Pfiesteria

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DATA ANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ESTUARY; FOLLOW UP; HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; NONHUMAN; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PFIESTERIA; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SUMMER; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; WATER SAMPLING;

ADULT; AGED; ANIMALS; DINOFLAGELLIDA; HUMANS; MALE; MARYLAND; MIDDLE AGED; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; OCEANS AND SEAS; PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS; RISK FACTORS; RIVERS; TIME FACTORS; VIRGINIA;

DINOPHYCEAE; PFIESTERIA;

EID: 33745788994     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8627     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Babor TF, de la Fuente JR, Saunders J, Grant M. 1989. Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): Guidelines for Use in Primary Health Care. WHO Pub. No 89.4. Geneva:World Health Organization.
2. Beck A. 1996. Beck Depression Inventory-II. (BDI-II). San Antonio, TX:The Psychological Corporation.
3. Benton AL, Hamsher KD, Sivan AB. 1994. Multilingual Aphasia Examination. 3rd ed. Iowa City, IA:AJA Associates.
4. Berry JP, Reece KS, Rein KS, Baden DG, Haas LW, Ribeiro WL, et al. 2002. Are Pfiesteriaspecies toxicogenic? Evidence against production of ichthyotoxins by Pfiesteria shumwayae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:10970-10975.
5. Binder LM. 1993. Portland Digit Recognition Test. 2nd ed. Beaverton, OR:Laurence M. Binder, Ph.D.
6. Blaser VS, Vogelbein WK, Densmore CL, May EB, Lilley JH, Zwerner DE. 1999. Aphanomycesas a cause of ulcerative skin lesions of menhaden from Chesapeake Bay tributaries. J Aquat Animal Health 11:340-349.
7. Bowers HA, Tengs T, Glasgow HB Jr, Burkholder JM, Rublee PA, Oldach DW. 2000. Development of real-time PCR assays for rapid detection of Pfiesteria piscicida and related dinoflagellates. Appl Environ Microbiol 66:4641-4648.
8. Burkholder JM, Glasgow HB, Deamer-Melia NJ, Springer J, Parrow MW, Zhang C, et al. 2001. Species of the toxic Pfiesteriacomplex, and the importance of functional type in data interpretation. Environ Health Perspect 109(suppl 5):667-679.
9. Burkholder JM, Gordon AS, Moeller PD, Law JM, Coyne KJ, Lewitus AJ, et al. 2005. Demonstration of toxicity to fish and to mammalian cells by Pfiesteria species: comparison of assay methods and strains. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:3471-3476.
10. Burkholder JM, Noga EJ, Hobbs CH, Glasgow HB Jr. 1992. New "phantom" dinoflagellate is the causative agent of major estuarine fish kills. Nature 358:407-410.
11. CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 1999. Notice to readers: possible estuary-associated syndrome. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 48:381.
12. El-Nabawi A, Quesenberry M, Saito K, Silbergeld E, Vasta G, Eldefrawi A. 2000. The N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotransmitter receptor is a mammalian brain target for the dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida toxin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 169:84-93.
13. Fairey ER, Edmunds JS, Deamer-Melia NJ, Glasgow H Jr, Johnson FM, Moeller PR, et al. 1999. Reporter gene assay for fish-killing activity produced by Pfiesteria piscicida. Environ Health Perspect 107:711-714.
14. Ginsburg AP. 1993. Snellen Functional Acuity Contrast Test (FACT). Chicago, IL:Stereo Optical Co.
15. Glasgow HB Jr, Burkholder JM, Mallin MA, Deamer-Melia NJ, Reed RE. 2001a. Field ecology of toxic Pfiesteria complex species and a conservative analysis of their role in estuarine fish kills. Environ Health Perspect 109(suppl 5):715-730.
16. Glasgow HB Jr, Burkholder JM, Morton SL, Springer J, Tengs T, Oldach DW. 2001b. A second species of ichthyotoxic Pfiesteria (Dinamoebales, Pyrrhophyta). Phycologia 40:234-245.
17. Glasgow HB Jr, Burkholder JM, Schmechel DE, Tester PA, Rublee PA. 1995. Insidious effects of a toxic estuarine dinoflagellate on fish survival and human health. J Toxicol Environ Health 46:501-522.
18. Golden C. 1978. Stroop Color and Word Test: A Manual for Clinical and Experimental Uses. Wood Dale, CA:Stoelting Company.
19. Grattan LM, Oldach D, Perl TM, Lowitt MH, Matuszak DL, Dickson C, et al. 1998. Learning and memory difficulties after environmental exposure to waterways containing toxin-producing Pfiesteria or Pfiesteria-like dinoflagellates. Lancet 352:532-539.
20. Haselow DT, Brown E, Tracy K, Magnien R, Grattan LM, Morris JG Jr, et al. 2001. Gastrointestinal and respiratory tract symptoms following brief environmental exposure to aerosols during a Pfiesteria-related fish kill. 2001. J Toxicol Environ Health A 63:553-564.
21. Jakobsen KS, Tengs T, Vatne A, Bowers HA, Oldach DW, Burkholder JM, et al. 2002. Discovery of the toxic dinoflagellate Pfiesteria in northern European waters. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 269:211-214.
22. Kane AS, Dykstra MJ, Noga EJ, Reimschuessel R, Baya A, Driscoll C, et al. 2000. Etiologies, observations and reporting of estuarine finfish lesions. Mar Environ Res 50:473-477.
23. Law M. 2001. Differential diagnosis of ulcerative lesions in fish. Environ Health Perspect 109:681-686.
24. Levin ED. 2001. A rat model of the cognitive impairment from Pfiesteria piscicida exposure. Environ Health Perspect 109(suppl 5):757-763.
25. Levin ED, Blackwelder WP, Glasgow HB Jr, Burkholder JM, Moeller PD, Ramsdell JS. 2003. Learning impairment caused by a toxin produced by Pfiesteria piscicidainfused into the hippocampus of rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 25:419-426.
26. Liang KY, Zeger SL. 1986. Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika 73:13-22.
27. Litaker RW, Steidinger KA, Mason PL, Landsberg JH, Shields JD, Reece KS, et al. 2005. The reclassification of Pfiesteria shumwayae (Dinophyceae): Pseudopfiesteria, gen nov. J Phycol 41:643-651
28. McNair D, Lorr M, Droppleman L. 1971. Profile of Mood States. San Diego, CA:Educational and Industrial Service.
29. McNair D, Lorr M, Droppleman L. 1992. EdITS Manual for the Profile of Mood States. San Diego, CA:Educational and Industrial Service.
30. Meyers JE, Meyers KR. 1995. Rey Complex Figure Test and Recognition Trial. Odessa, FL:Psychological Assessment Resources.
31. Moe CL, Turf E, Oldach D, Bell P, Hutton S, Savitz D, et al. 2001. Cohort studies of health effects among people exposed to estuarine waters: North Carolina, Virginia, and Maryland. Environ Health Perspect 109(suppl 5):781-786.
32. Moeller PD, Morton SL, Mitchell BA, Sivertsen SK, Fairey ER, Mikulski TM, et al. 2001. Current progress in isolation and characterization of toxins isolated from Pfiesteria piscicida. Environ Health Perspect 109(suppl 5):739-743.
33. Morris JG Jr. 2001. Human health effects and Pfiesteria exposure: a synthesis of available clinical data. Environ Health Perspect 109(suppl 5):787-790.
34. Oldach DW, Delwiche CF, Jakobsen KS, Tengs T, Brown EG, Kempton JW, et al. 2000. Heteroduplex mobility assay-guided sequence discovery: elucidation of the small subunit (18S) rDNA sequences of Pfiesteria piscicida and related dinoflagellates from complex algal culture and environmental sample DNA pools. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:4303-4308.
35. Pokorny AD, Miller BA, Kaplan HB. 1972. The brief MAST: a shortened version of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. Am J Psychiatry 129:342-345.
36. Raven JC, Court JH, Raven J. 1992. Manual for Raven's Progressive Matrices and Vocabulary Scales. Los Angeles, CA:Western Psychological Services.
37. Reitan R. 1992. Trail Making Test: Manual for Administration and Scoring. Tucson, AZ:Reitan Neuropsychological Laboratory.
38. Rey A. 1964. L'examen clinique en psychologie. Paris:Presses Universitaires de France.
39. Rublee PA, Kempton JW, Schaefer EF, Allen C, Harris J, Oldach DW, et al. 2001. Use of molecular probes to assess geographic distribution of Pfiesteria species. Environ Health Perspect 109(suppl 5):765-767.
40. Schmechel DE, Koltai DC. 2001. Potential human health effects associated with laboratory exposures to Pfiesteria piscicida. Environ Health Perspect 109(suppl 5):775-779.
41. Schmidt M. 1996. Rey Auditory and Verbal Learning Test: A Handbook. Los Angeles, CA:Western Psychological Services.
42. Smith A. 1982. Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Los Angeles, CA:Western Psychological Services.
43. Spielberger CD. 1983. State Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA:Mind Garden, Inc.
44. Steidinger K, Landsberg J, Richardson RW, Truby E, Blakesley B, Scott P, et al. 2001. Classification and identification of Pfiesteria and Pfiesteria-like species. Environ Health Perspect 109(suppl 5):661-665.
45. Swinker M, Koltai D, Wilkins J, Hudnell K, Hall C, Darcey D, et al. 2001. Estuary-associated syndrome in North Carolina: an occupational prevalence study. Environ Health Perspect 109:21-26.
46. Tengs T, Bowers HA, Glasgow HB Jr, Burkholder JM, Oldach DW. 2003. Identical ribosomal DNA sequence data from toxic and non-toxic Pfiesteria piscicida (Dinophyta) isolates. Environ Res 93:88-91
47. Tracy JK, Oldach D, Greenberg MA, Grattan LM. 1998. Psychological adjustment of watermen with exposure to Pfiesteria pisicida. Md Med J 47:130-132.
48. Tyler MA, Seliger HH. 1978. Annual subsurface transport of a red tide dinoflagellate to its bloom area: water circulation patterns and organism distributions in the Chesapeake Bay. Limnol Oceanogr 23:227-246.
49. Vogelbein WK, Lovko VJ, Shields JD, Reece KS, Mason PL, Haas LW, et al. 2002. Pfiesteria shumwayae kills fish by micropredation not exotoxin secretion. Nature 418:925-926.
50. Vollenweider RA, ed. 1974. A Manual on Methods for Measuring Primary Production in Aquatic Environments. 2nd ed. International Biological Programmes Handbook No. 12. Oxford, UK:Blackwell Scientific Publications.
51. Wechsler D. 1997. WAIS-III: Administration and Scoring Manual: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Third Edition. San Antonio, TX:The Psychological Corp.
52. Wilkinson G. 1993. Wide Range Achievement Test, Revision 3 (WRAT-3). Wilmington, DE:Wide Range, Inc.