Conservative Christians and political participation: A reference handbook

Conservative Christians and Political Participation: A Reference Handbook

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 1-335

  Utter, Glenn H ^a   True, James L ^a  

^a LAMAR UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33745736007     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (326)

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234. Ackerman, David M., ed. 2001. Prayer and Religion in the Public Schools. New York: Novinka. Ackerman presents information on various U.S. Supreme Court decisions regarding prayer and other religious observances in the public schools. The author distinguishes which activities are legally permissible and which are legally prohibited, and he identities those issues that remain unresolved.
235. Alley, Robert S. 1996. Without a Prayer: Religious Expression in Public Schools. Amherst, NY: Prometheus. The author presents several case studies of violations of the First Amendment prohibition of government establishment of religion through the official sanctioning of prayer. Alley focuses on the personal lives of those objecting to school prayer.
236. Baird-Windle, Patricia, and Eleanor J. Bader. 2001. Targets of Hatred: Anti-Abortion Terrorism. New York: Palgrave. The authors, strong supporters of abortion rights, provide detailed case studies of antiabortion protests from 1966 to 1998. They provide information about the increasingly militant nature of antiabortion protests, especially in the 1990s.
237. Barton, David. 2002. America: To Pray? Or Not to Pray?, 5th ed. Aledo, TX: Wall-Builders. Barton claims that, beginning with the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Engel v. Vitale declaring officially sanctioned prayer in the public schools unconstitutional, the United States has experienced a steady decline in moral values and an increase in objectionable behavior, such as premarital sex, rapes, and murders.
238. Black, Amy E., Douglas L. Koopman, and David K. Ryden. 2004. Of Little Faith: The Politics of George W. Bush's Faith-Based Initiatives. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. Basing their findings on interviews with those in Washington, D.C., who have been active in the policy proposal to provide religious organizations withfederal assistance to offer social services, the authors investigate the reasons why President Bush's proposal experienced significant resistance.
239. Blaker, Kimberly, ed. 2003. The Fundamentals of Extremism: The Christian Right in America. New Boston, MI: New Boston. This group of eight articles presents a highly critical evaluation of the conservative Christian movement, portraying it as a threat to American society and politics.
240. Borst, William A. 1998. Liberalism: Fatal Consequences. Lafayette, LA: Huntington House. Borst treats liberalism as the enemy in the so-called culture wars. The author portrays liberalism as the principal cause of moral decline in the United States and details what he considers its various evil consequences.
241. Boston, Robert. 1996. Most Dangerous Man in America? Pat Robertson and the Rise of the Christian Coalition. Amherst, NY: Prometheus. Boston, who is associated with Americans United for Separation of Church and State, presents a highly critical look at the Christian Coalition, focusing on violations of campaign finance legislation, questionable business practices, and radical statements made by Pat Robertson. The author examines the Christian Coalition's impact on the 1994 election outcome.
242. Boston, Robert. 2000. Close Encounters with the Religious Right: Journeys into the Twilight Zone of Religion and Politics. Amherst, NY: Prometheus. Boston focuses on various conservative Christian organizations and individuals that take an active part in the political process. The subjects of investigation include D. James Kennedy, James Dobson, Jerry Falwell, the Christian Coalition, the Rutherford Institute, and the Family Research Council.
243. Boston, Robert. 2003. Why the Religious Right Is Wrong about Separation of Church and State. Amherst, NY: Prometheus. Boston supports a strict understanding of the establishment clause and the free exercise clause of the First Amendment, arguing against the claim that the original intent of the amendment was to prohibit the establishment of a particular national church. The author discusses the historical tensions regarding separation of church and state and the current debates over the issue.
244. Brown, Ruth Murray. 2002. For a Christian America: A History of the Religious Right. Amherst, NY: Prometheus. Brown relies primarily on 100 in-depth interviews with conservative Christians to track the development of the Christian right from its origins in the 1970s to the new century. The author focuses on conservative Christian opposition to the proposed Equal Rights Amendment.
245. Bull, Chris, and John Gallagher. 2001. Perfect Enemies: The Religious Right, the Gay Movement, and the Politics of the 1990s, updated ed. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Little-field. The authors claim that political activity in the 1990s involving social issues tended to be defined by the contest between conservative Christian groups and the gay rights movement. Bull and Gallagher examine the legal maneuvering of the Christian Coalition to defeat measures to provide rights to gays in various states and claim that the antigay activities of conservative Christian groups are responsible for much of their prominence in American politics.
246. Carroll, Vincent, and David Shiflett. 2001. Christianity on Trial: Arguments against Anti-Religious Bigotry. San Francisco: Encounter. The authors examine the various charges made against Christianity, such as Christians' involvement in racism, genocide, and plundering the environment. They argue that such claims are unfounded, claiming instead that the Christian tradition introduced morality into the political realm.
247. Carter, Stephen L. 2001. God's Name in Vain: The Wrongs and Rights of Religion in Politics. New York: Basic. In his discussion of the relationship between religion and politics, Carter sees both an enrichment for the larger social and political world and a spur to positive social change, but also a potential danger for those Christians who engage in the political process, and who may find their religiosity compromised. Nonetheless, Carter believes that Christians have much at stake and therefore rightly participate in politics.
248. Crawford, Sue E., and Laura R. Olson, eds. 2001. Christian Clergy in American Politics. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. The authors of these essays use the results of personal interviews and statistical data to examine the political preferences of clergy in mainline and evangelical Protestant, Catholic, and Mennonite communities. The essays focus on the roles of varied religious leaders, including whites, African-Americans, and women, in the local, national, and international political realms.
249. Cromartie, Michael. 2003. A Public Faith: Evangelicals and Civic Engagement. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Little-field. The contributors to this volume investigate the beliefs, values, and public involvement and influence of conservative Protestants in many areas, including bioethics, homosexuality, abortion, same-sex marriage, public school policy, race relations, welfare reform, and international human rights.
250. Deckman, Melissa M. 2004. School Board Battles: The Christian Right in Local Politics. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. Deckman investigates the influence of the conservative Christian movement on the politics of local school boards. Basing her investigation on a national survey, the author focuses on the motivation of conservative Christian school board candidates, their rate of electoral success, and, when elected, their level of influence on school boards.
251. DelFattore, Joan. 2004. The Fourth R: Conflicts over Religion in America's Public Schools. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. DelFattore recounts the disputes over prayer in the public schools from the early nineteenth century to the present. The author focuses on the conflict in the courts, Congress, and among various advocacy groups. An appendix identifies various contemporary groups concerned with the issue of prayer in the public schools. DelFattore interprets the issue as a struggle between majority rule and individual rights.
252. Diamond, Sara. 1998. Not by Politics Alone: The Enduring Influence of the Christian Right. New York: Guilford. Diamond investigates the cultural origins of the conservative Christian movement and focuses on the ability of leaders to keep the movement cohesive during times of apparent political defeat. The author identifies the close relationship between Christian groups and the Republican party as a key to the movement's longevity.
253. Dionne, E. J. Jr., and Ming Hsu Chen, eds. 2001. Sacred Places, Civic Purposes: Should Government Help Faith-Based Charity? Washington, DC: Brookings Institution. The various contributions to this volume investigate the possible roles of faith-based organizations in such policy areas as preventing teen pregnancy, fighting crime and substance abuse, aiding community development, improving education, and providing childcare. A concluding section evaluates the possible ways in which government can support faith-based organizations in performing social services.
254. Djupe, Paul A., and Christopher P. Gilbert. 2003. The Prophetic Pulpit: Clergy, Churches, and Communities in American Politics. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Little-field. This volume presents detailed survey results, based on a sample of2, 400 Episcopal and Evangelical Lutheran Church in America clergy, that identify the opinions of mainline Protestant clergy and the types of political activity in which they take part. The authors identify the various factors, including personal beliefs, perceptions of congregational needs, and denominational influences, that affect the level of clergy's political activity.
255. Djupe, Paul A., and Laura R. Olson, eds. 2003. Encyclopedia of American Religion and Politics. New York: Facts on File. This work contains 600 entries on such topics as religious leaders and denominations, political activists, major historical events, court cases, elections, and significant issues such as prayer in the public schools.
256. Durham, James R. 1995. Secular Darkness: Religious Right Involvement in Texas Education, 1963-1989. New York: Peter Lang. Durham recounts the effort of conservative Christians in Texas to influence the nature of public education in the state. The author argues that although conservative Christian groups failed to gain control of the educational structure, they had a significant effect on programs and on those involved in education policymaking in Texas.
257. Formicola, Jo Renee, Mary C. Segers, and Paul Weber. 2003. Faith-Based Initiatives and the Bush Administration: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Little-field. The authors explore the social and political backgrounds to President George W. Bush's establishment of the Office of Faith-Based Initiatives. They examine the political influences on the legislative process surrounding the policy proposals to provide religious organizations with federal funding so that they might offer social welfare benefits more effectively.
258. Fowler, Robert Booth, Allen D. Hertzke, and Laura R. Olson. 1999. Religion and Politics in America: Faith, Culture, and Strategic Choices. Boulder, CO: Westview. The authors describe the relationship between religion and politics in contemporary American society as well as in the history of the nation. The book focuses on the motivations for political activism and participatory strategies pursued by religious actors who engage in such areas as voting, interest groups, and government.
259. Gamble, Richard M. 2003. The War for Righteousness: Progressive Christianity, the Great War, and the Rise of the Messianic Nation. Wilmington, DE: Intercollegiate Studies Institute. Gamble recounts the development of the social gospel ministry, focusing on the efforts of clergy to promote an activist Christianity engaged with the world. The author associates advocates of the social gospel with an evangelical fervor for the spread of democracy and the redemption of the world through U.S. participation in World War I.
260. George, Robert P. 2002. Clash of Orthodoxies: Law, Religion and Morality in Crisis. Wilmington, DE: Intercollegiate Studies Institute. George challenges what he considers the liberal claim to represent the only source of rational interaction in the public realm. The author argues that a Judeo-Christian perspective offers a rationally superior approach to such issues as abortion, homosexuality, same-sex marriage, and civil rights and civil liberties. George argues against the position that the state should remain neutral on such questions as the nature of marriage.
261. Gilbert, Christopher P., Paul A. Djupe, David A. Peterson, and Timothy R. Johnson, eds. 1999. Religious Institutions and Minor Parties in the United States. Westport, CT: Greenwood. This volume investigates the effects of churches on the success of third parties and independent candidates in U.S. elections. The authors conclude that religious institutions have tended to support the two major parties at the expense of minor parties and independent candidates.
262. Gold, Philip. 2004. Take Back the Right: How the Neo-Cons and the Religious Right Have Hijacked the Conservative Movement. New York: Carroll and Graf. Gold, who was active in conservative politics for more than thirty years, discusses his decision to separate from the conservative movement. The author criticizes cultural conservatism and the conservative Christian movement for alienating the Republican party from what he considers its true origins and objectives.
263. Green, John C., James L. Guth, Corwin E. Smith, and Lyman A. Kellstedt. 1996. Religion and the Culture Wars: Dispatches from the Front. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Little-field. In the seventeen articles included in the volume, the authors investigate various aspects of the political activity of conservative Christian groups. The topics covered include the participation of conservative Christians in congressional campaigns from 1978 to 1988, religious voting blocs in the 1992 election, the influences on the political mobilization of conservative Christians, and the relationship between religious belief and foreign policy attitudes.
264. Green, John C., Clyde Wilcox, and Mark J. Rozell, eds. 2003. The Christian Right in American Politics: Marching to the Millennium. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. The authors of this collection of essays concentrate on the political activities of conservative Christian groups at the state level. The articles concentrate on those states, including South Carolina, Virginia, Texas, Florida, Iowa, and Kansas, in which such groups were especially active from 1980 to 2000. Therefore, the study is not necessarily representative of conservative Christian political strength nationwide.
265. Hanegraaff, Hank. 2003. Fatal Flaws: What Evolutionists Don't Want You to Know. New York: W. Publishing Group. This brief book summarizes Hank Hanegraaff s arguments against the theory of evolution. The author contends that Darwinism contains numerous factual and logical errors and has fatal consequences for human beings. Hanegraaff attributes various harmful trends to Darwin's theory of evolution, including skepticism about the Bible and increases in divorce, adultery, drug abuse, and abortion.
266. Hart, Darryl G. 2003. That Old-Time Religion in Modern America: Evangelical Protestantism in the Twentieth Century. Chicago: Ivan R. Dree. Hart describes the separation and alienation of evangelical Christians from the mainline Protestant denominations during the twentieth century, from the fundamentalist controversy over evolution in the 1920s to the movement's marginalization in the 1930s, and on to the rise of the religious right in the 1970s and 1980s.
267. Hart, Darryl G. 2004. Deconstructing Evangelicalism: Conservative Protestantism in the Age of Billy Graham. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker. Hart recounts the formation of the evangelical movement after World War II. The author finds fault with the use pollsters have given the term evangelical, making the category vague and inclusive of many varied religious groups. Hart recommends abandoning the term as a method of identifying Christians.
268. Haught, James A. 1994. Holy Hatred: Religious Conflicts of the '90s. Amherst, NY: Prometheus. Rather than seeing religion generally as a positive force, Haught, a journalist, posits a universal tendency for religious movements to become involved in serious conflict with political opponents. Among the discussed subjects is the murder of an abortion clinic doctor in Florida and the Branch Davidian tragedy in Waco, Texas. The author is concerned about the perceived increase in fundamentalist Christian influence in U.S. politics and advises the reader to avoid involvement with intense religion.
269. Heclo, Hugh, and Wilfred M. McClay, eds. 2003. Religion Returns to the Public Square: Faith and Policy in America. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. The essays in this volume explore the historical and social roots and the current status of the relationship between religion and American politics. The essays treat such subjects as religion's role in democratic politics, welfare reform and Catholic Charities U.S.A., charitable choice, public education, and American foreign policy.
270. Hoge, Dean R., Benton Johnson, and Donald A. Luidens. 1995. Vanishing Boundaries: The Religion of Mainline Protestant Baby Boomers. Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox. Employing the results of interviews with some 500 Presbyterian respondents, the authors focus on the causes for the decline in membership among mainline Protestant churches since the 1960s. Among the factors contributing to the decline of mainline churches, the authors identify changes in American culture and the openness of the churches to changing with the contemporary culture.
271. Hunter, Cornelius G. 2002. Darwin's God: Evolution and the Problem of Evil. Grand Rapids, MI: Brazos. The issue of evolution versus creationism, or "intelligent design, " if not a major concern in national politics, has become significant for several state and local governments. Hunter, by arguing that Charles Darwin as well as contemporary supporters of evolution theory make religious assumptions in their work, contributes to the cause of conservative Christians who wish to introduce alternatives to the teaching of evolution in the public schools.
272. Hunter, Cornelius G. 2003. Darwin's Proof: The Triumph of Religion over Science. Grand Rapids, MI: Brazos. In a sequel to Darwin's God, Hunter investigates further the religious presuppositions underlying Darwin's theory of evolution, adding further arguments helpful to those conservative Christians who wish to challenge the teaching of the theory of evolution in the public schools. The author provides various arguments that challenge the validity of the evolution theory.
273. Jelen, Ted G. 1991. The Political Mobilization of Religious Beliefs. Westport, CT: Greenwood. Jelen investigates what motivates certain people with strong religious beliefs to become involved in conservative politics and deals with the possible consequences of such involvement to the democratic process. Employing data from members and clergy of fifteen churches in the Midwest, Jelen notes that disagreements among fundamentalists, evangelicals, charismatics, and Pentecostals tend to prevent the formation of more effective political coalitions.
274. Jelen, Ted G. 2000. To Serve God and Mammon: Church-State Relations in the United States. Boulder, CO: Westview. Jelen investigates the supposed friction between the First Amendment establishment and free exercise clauses. The author discusses the history of church-state relations, the activities of interest groups concerned with the issue, and the shift in focus of the church-state debate from the establishment clause to religious free exercise issues.
275. Jelen, Ted G. ed. 1995. Perspectives on the Politics of Abortion. Westport, CT: Greenwood. These essays, originally presented at a 1993 conference at Illinois Benedictine College, deal with various aspects of the politics of abortion, including abortion as an example of self-defense, the political involvement of the Catholic church, and the impact of the issue on partisan politics. The authors tend to recommend compromise between the two major sides of the abortion controversy.
276. Johnson, Curtis D. 1994. Redeeming America: Evangelicals and the Road to Civil War. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee. Johnson presents the history of evangelical Christians before the Civil War, focusing on such issues as the treatment of Native American tribes, the observance of Sunday as a day of rest, and slavery. The early involvement of evangelicals in politics provides interesting parallels to the more recent political involvement of religious groups.
277. Jurinski, James John. 1998. Religion in the Schools: A Reference Handbook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. In this reference work, Jurinski offers an introductory chapter that provides a summary of the major areas of conflict regarding religion in public education, including school prayer, access for religious groups to the public schools, religion in public school curricula, and public support for church-affiliated schools. Subsequent chapters present a chronology of events, biographical sketches of individuals involved in the issue of religion and schools, and relevant documents, including Supreme Court decisions.
278. Kennedy, D. James, and Jerry Newcombe. 2003. What If America Were a Christian Nation Again? Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson. Kennedy and Newcombe present a common theme among conservative Christians regarding the Christian foundation of the United States. They observe that the nation is involved in a cultural war, and they claim that socalled progressive individuals and organizations misuse statements of the founders to misrepresent the founders' actual intentions. The authors note that although the founders wished to achieve freedom of religion, many today want to establish freedom from religion. They also distinguish between liberty, the goal of the founders, and licentiousness, the objective that they assert motivates many in contemporary society.
279. Kintz, Linda, and Julia Lesage, eds. 1998. Media, Culture, and the Religious Right. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Attempting to explain the increasing influence of conservative Christian organizations in the United States, the authors of these essays focus on the use of the mass media, including television, radio, and videos, to communicate in a highly effective way the conservative Christian message.
280. Kohut, Andrew, John C. Green, Scott Keeter, and Robert C. Toth. 2000. The Diminishing Divide: Religion's Changing Role in American Politics. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution. The authors employ survey data from the Pew Research Center and the National Election Studies to explore the interaction between religion, political attitudes, and political behavior in the United States. They conclude that the trend since the 1960s toward secularization presents a major challenge to religious groups.
281. Ladd, Everett Carll, and Karlyn H. Bowman. 1997. Public Opinion about Abortion: Twenty-Five Years after Roe v. Wade. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute. The authors provide findings from public opinion surveys regarding the issue of abortion. They assert that although Americans clearly do not want to ban abortion, the circumstances vary under which they find the procedure acceptable.
282. Lader, Lawrence. 1995. A Private Matter: RU-486 and the Abortion Crisis. Amherst, NY: Prometheus. Lader covers the history of abortion policy in the United States, the political battles over legalized abortion (including attacks on abortion clinics), and attempts to introduce RU-486, the "abortion pill, " into the United States and the resulting opposition from various sources, including conservative Christian groups.
283. Limbaugh, David. 2003. Persecution: How Liberals Are Waging War against Christians. Washington, DC: Regnery. In an attempt to encourage Christian activism, Limbaugh focuses on what he considers the agenda of anti-Christian forces to remove God from the public schools. Describing the influence of Christianity on colonial culture and education, Limbaugh argues that education today fails to meet the intentions of the founders. The author describes attempts to prohibit display of religious symbols in schools and to keep any account of Christianity from textbooks.
284. Livingstone, David N., Darryl G. Hart, and Mark A. Noll, eds. 1999. Evangelicals and Science in Historical Perspective. New York: Oxford University Press. These essays deal with various aspects of the interaction between scientific advancement and evangelicalism. The book provides the background to such contemporary conflicts as that between the teaching of evolution and the counterclaims of so-called creation science.
285. Manatt, Richard P. 1995. When Right Is Wrong: Fundamentalists and the Public Schools. Lancaster, PA: Technomic. Manatt recounts what he considers attempts by Christian fundamentalists to conduct a culture war against the nation's schools, especially educational reforms such as outcome-based education.
286. Mapp, Alf J. 2003. Faiths of Our Fathers: What America's Founders Really Believed. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Little-field. Mapp details the religious beliefs of prominent Americans at the time of the constitutional founding, demonstrating that these individuals varied considerably in their beliefs. Among the individuals treated are Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, James Madison, Patrick Henry, Charles Carroll, and Haym Salomon.
287. Martin, William. 1997. With God on Our Side: The Rise of the Religious Right in America. New York: Broadway. Martin examines the involvement of religious organizations in American politics from the civil rights movement to the ascendancy of the Christian Coalition. Based on interviews with those active in the conservative Christian movement, the author discusses the religious right's influence in such policy areas as race relations, abortion, public school curricula, and family issues.
288. McConkey, Dale, and Peter Augustine Lawler, eds. 2003. Faith, Morality, and Civil Society. Lanham, MD: Lexington. The contributors, who are from various religious and moral traditions, discuss the possible influences that religious faith and morality can have on society. The authors suggest that religion can make positive contributions to educational, economic, and political institutions.
289. Meier, Marianne M. 2002. Understanding the School Prayer Issue and the Related Character Education and Charter School Movements. Pittsburgh, PA: Dorrance. Meier, a United Methodist minister, discusses the contemporary debate over separation of church and state in the context of the historical relationship between education and religion. The author discusses key court decisions as well as the attempts of Christian groups, including establishment of the charter school movement, to provide a religious educational environment for children.
290. Morken, Hubert, and Jo Renee Formicola. 1999. The Politics of School Choice. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Little-field. The authors examine the school choice movement, in which conservative Christians play a key role. The movement employs a wide variety of tactics, including lobbying for desired legislation; taking their cause to the courts; and appealing for local community support in order to achieve the establishment of tax credits, public vouchers, and charter schools.
291. Morone, James A. 2003. Hellfire Nation: The Politics of Sin in American History. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Morone investigates the history of the influence of religion on American politics. The author describes the differential effects of religion on the politically more conservative as well as more liberal Christians. One group preached against moral decline and for individual responsibility, and the other, supporters of the social gospel, advocated government intervention to reform society.
292. Noll, Mark A. 2002. America's God: From Jonathan Edwards to Abraham Lincoln. New York: Oxford University Press. Recounting the development of religious thought in the United States from the colonial era to the Civil War, Noll emphasizes the influence of republicanism on religious leaders. The author claims that deep religious beliefs in the North and the South set the stage for a conflict in which both sides claimed biblical support.
293. Oldfield, Duane Murray. 1996. The Right and the Righteous: The Christian Right Confronts the Republican Party. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Little-field. Oldfield examines the influence of conservative Christian groups on the Republican party at the national, state, and local levels. The author focuses on the difficulty faced by the party and the conservative Christian leadership in attempting to maintain the core membership while also attracting a broader coalition.
294. Pegram, Thomas R. 1998. Battling Demon Rum: The Struggle for a Dry America, 1800-1933. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee. Pegram recounts the religious, moral, and political campaign for temperance in the United States from the early years of the nation through the repeal of Prohibition. The author details the ability of a Christian movement to achieve victory when policy preferences are strong, but also the limitations of attempting to enforce morals through political action.
295. Provenzo, Eugene F., Jr. 1990. Religious Fundamentalism and American Education: The Battle for the Public Schools. Albany: State University ofNew York Press. Provenzo investigates the competition between conservative Christian groups and others regarding such public education issues as creationism versus evolution, textbook content and selection, the role of the family in education, school prayer, and state regulation of private Christian schools.
296. Reichley, A. James. 2002. Faith in Politics. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution. Reichley presents an analysis of the major religious traditions in the United States, offering an account of the history of the varied interactions between religion and politics. The author concludes with a discussion of the role of organized religion and religious belief in the operation of American democracy.
297. Reiter, Jerry. 2000. Live from the Gates of Hell: An Insider's Look at the Anti-Abortion Underground. Amherst, NY: Prometheus. Reiter, a former conservative Christian activist, recounts his experience with the antiabortion underground, including meetings with members of the Ku Klux Klan, Operation Rescue, and militias, all of whom justify extreme action to prevent abortions. The antiabortion cause has attracted many to political activism, but here Reiter is dealing primarily with the radical fringes of the movement.
298. Richardson, Stephen. 1998. The Eagle's Claw: The Church and the IRS. Lafayette, LA: Huntington House. Richardson, a certified public accountant, has represented Christian organizations for several years before the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. In this book, he offers advice to religious organizations to deal effectively with IRS disputes. The author argues that many IRS challenges to churches are illegitimate and are intended to limit church activity.
299. Risen, James, and Judy L. Thomas. 1998. Wrath of Angels: The American Abortion War. New York: Basic. The authors, who are news reporters, provide a detailed account of the rise of the militant antiabortion movement, describing the religious backgrounds of movement leaders. Risen and Thomas explore the divisions within the antiabortion movement and the shift toward more violent tactics.
300. Rozell, Mark J., and Clyde Wilcox, eds. 1997. God at the Grass Roots, 1996: The Christian Right in American Elections. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Little-field. This collection of essays analyzes the influence of conservative Christian organizations on the 1996 national, state, and local elections. The authors identify trends that developed since the 1994 elections in which the Republican party gained majorities in both the U.S. House and Senate.
301. Ruse, Michael. 2001. Can a Darwinian Be a Christian? The Relationship between Science and Religion. New York: Cambridge University Press. Ruse, a professor of philosophy at Florida State University, asks whether an adherent of Darwin's theory of natural selection can simultaneously subscribe to the basic claims of Christianity. The author examines both Darwinism and Christianity as well as the ideas of other noted representatives of science and religion. In attempting to bridge the gap between the theory of evolution and religious belief, Ruse argues that it is not impossible for a Darwinian to adhere to Christian belief, and also that a Christian believer can accept evolution and Darwinian natural selection.
302. Schultz, Jeffrey D., John G. West, and Iain Maclean. 1998. Encyclopedia of Religion in American Politics. Phoenix, AZ: Oryx. The entries in this volume treat various political issues of importance to religious groups, including abortion, sex education, prayer in the public schools, and religious freedom.
303. Segers, Mary, and Ted G. Jelen. 1998. Wall of Separation? Debating the Public Role of Religion. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Little-field. Segers and Jelen debate the influence of religious institutions on the character of political discussion in the United States, the development of public policy, and the democratic process generally. They examine constitutional issues regarding the involvement of religion in developing a public morality and citizenship in a pluralistic society.
304. Smith, Christian. 1998. American Evangelicalism: Embattled and Thriving. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Employing a national telephone survey in addition to personal interviews with evangelicals and other Protestants, Smith investigates the ways in which evangelicals attempt to affect the secular society in which they find themselves. Smith discovers a strong ability of evangelicals to interact effectively with a pluralistic society, and he attributes this ability to such factors as strong commitment to beliefs, group involvement, and effective recruitment and retention of members.
305. Smith, Christian. 2000. Christian America? What Evangelicals Really Want. Berkeley: University of California Press. Smith's analysis is based on data collected from interviews with 130 churchgoing Protestants in six locations around the United States. The author deals with such topics as the goals of evangelicals as they perceive them, thepossibility that evangelicals will come to dominate the Republican party, and evangelicals' thoughts about prayer and the teaching of creationism in the public schools.
306. Smith, Christian, ed. 1996. Disruptive Religion: The Force of Faith in Social Movement Activism. New York: Routledge. The articles in this collection present comparative analyses of social and political movements, such as Operation Rescue in the United States and Solidarity in Poland, that have been largely defined and energized by religious faith.
307. Smith, Christian, ed. 2003. The Secular Revolution: Power, Interests, and Conflict in the Secularization of American Public Life. Berkeley: University of California Press. Contributors to this volume reexamine the causes of secularization of American public life from 1870 to 1930, arguing that the decline of religious authority can be associated not primarily with the phenomenon of modernization, but rather with various secular groups, including scientists, academics, and literary figures who competed with religious institutions to gain prominence and cultural authority.
308. Solinger, Rickie, ed. 1998. Abortion Wars: A Half Century of Struggle, 1950-2000. Berkeley: University of California Press. This series of eighteen articles treats various aspects of the controversy over abortion policy in the United States. Taking a sympathetic position regarding abortion and reproductive rights, the authors discuss such topics as the militant antiabortion demonstrations of Operation Rescue, prochoice activism, and the electoral politics of abortion.
309. Solomon, Lewis D. 2003. In God We Trust? Faith-Based Organization and the Quest to Solve America's Social Ills. Lanham, MD: Lexington. Solomon discusses the proposal for funding private, faith-based organizations to deal with social problems, considering the various practical and legal objections. The author concludes that faith-based organizations can play an important part not only in delivering needed social services, but in reforming the American "underclass. "
310. Sprigg, Peter, and Timothy Dailey, eds. 2004. Getting It Straight: What the Research Shows about Homosexuality. Washington, DC: Family Research Council. This volume was prepared because of the Family Research Council's concern for what the organization considers the affirmation and subsidization of homosexual relationship and for the prospect of same-sex civil unions and marriage. The selections deal with various issues regarding homosexuality, including research on the causes of homosexuality, the number of homosexuals in the population, the health risks of homosexuality, and homosexuals as parents.
311. Sproul, R. C., and Abdul Saleeb. 2003. The Dark Side of Islam. Wheaton, IL: Crossway. Based on radio broadcast interviews, Sproul and Saleeb discuss the doctrinal differences between Christianity and Islam on such topics as the Trinity, sin, salvation, and the deity of Christ. They defend the Christian position. The last chapter discusses the asserted roots of terrorism in the Qur'an and in the Muslim cultural tradition.
312. Strehle, Stephen. 2000. The Separation of Church and State: Has America Lost Its Moral Compass? Lafayette, LA: Huntington House. Arguing that human beings cannot live independently from God, Strehle disputes the idea that religion can be separated from politics. The author discusses the Christian roots of various concepts associated with democracy, such as inalienable rights and egalitarianism.
313. Thibodaux, David. 1994. Beyond Political Correctness: Are There Limits to Lunacy? Lafayette, LA: Vital Issues. Thibodaux claims that, due to an emphasis on political correctness, education in the United States has become indoctrination. He argues that the political correctness movement has targeted valued ingredients of the American culture, including the Judeo-Christian tradition and the traditional family.
314. Vinz, Warren Lang. 1997. Pulpit Politics: Faces of American Protestant Nationalism in the Twentieth Century. Albany: State University of New York Press. Vinz examines the American experience with nationalism from 1900 to the time of Vietnam, and he discusses the role that Protestant clergy, from fundamentalist to liberal, played in introducing a messianic component. Vinz notes that Protestant clergy did not provide a consistent message regarding the identity and objectives of the American people.
315. Wald, Kenneth. 2003. Religion and Politics in the United States, 4th ed. New York: Rowman and Little-field. Wald investigates the wide influence of religious belief on U.S. government and political decision making and discusses the rise of the conservative Christian political movement as well as the political activity of other religious traditions.
316. Wallis, Jim. 1995. The Soul of Politics: Beyond "Religious Right" and "Secular Left. " New York: Harvest. Finding fault with the basic emphases of both the religious right and secular interests, with the seculars overemphasizing structural problems while ignoring individual responsibility and the right focusing on individual virtue while minimizing the importance of structural evils, Wallis calls for these groups to overcome their opposition and complement each other in such areas as assisting the poor.
317. Walsh, Andrew, ed. 2001. Can Charitable Choice Work? Covering Religion's Impact on Urban Affairs and Social Services. Hartford, CT: Leonard E. Greenberg Center for the Study of Religion in Public Life. The eight articles in this volume deal with the past performance and future prospects of charitable choice, which involves religious organizations receiving public support to play a role in offering social welfare programs.
318. Waters, Brent, and Ronald Cole-Turner, eds. 2003. God and the Embryo: Religious Voices on Stem Cells and Cloning. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. The issue of cloning has become a significant public policy issue on which various denominations have taken a stand. The contributors to this volume provide a wide variety of views, from Roman Catholic to liberal Protestant, evangelical, and Jewish. The editors include official statements from religious organizations, including the Roman Catholic church, the Southern Baptist Convention, the United Church of Christ, and the Presbyterian Church (USA).
319. Watson, Justin. 1999. The Christian Coalition: Dreams of Restoration, Demands for Recognition. New York: St. Martin's. Watson begins this book with a brief history of evangelicalism in the United States, recounting nineteenth-century social activism, increasing conservatism in the early twentieth century, and the return to activism beginning in the 1970s. In presenting the development of the Christian Coalition, Watson notes a tension between the goal of reestablishment of a nation under God and a conceptualization of the movement as striving for fair treatment in a society dominated by liberal values.
320. West, John G., Jr. 1996. Politics of Revelation and Reason: Religion and Civic Life in the New Nation. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. Given the increasing activism of conservative Christians, West examines the proposed solution of the constitutional framers regarding the place of religion in American politics, which involved a balance between the realms of reason and revelation. The author traces the political activity of reformminded evangelicals from 1800 to 1835, including opposition to dueling and Sunday mail delivery. West concludes that the moral consensus, which is based on an accommodation of reason and revelation, has eroded in recent decades.
321. Wilcox, Clyde. 1996. Onward Christian Soldiers? The Religious Right in American Politics. Boulder, CO: Westview. Wilcox identifies those conservative Christians who have organized politically, presents a history of their political involvement, and indicates what might be their future activity in politics. Wilcox discusses what may be the appropriate role of religious groups in American politics.
322. Wilcox, Clyde, and Ted G. Jelen. 1995. Public Attitudes toward Church and State. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharp. Employing the results of a national survey, Wilcox and Jelen investigate attitudes regarding the establishment and free exercise clauses of the First Amendment. The authors focus on the role that public opinion ultimately plays in policymaking in this area.
323. Wilson, Ken M. 2001. The Moral Mandate to Vote: God's Priorities in Government. Lafayette, LA: Huntington House. Wilson argues that Christians have a moral obligation to vote and to cast their votes to achieve a higher moral purpose. Concentrating on the abortion issue, the author believes that Christians should exercise their right to vote to elect officials who will oppose abortion and protect the handicapped and the elderly.
324. Wuthnow, Robert, ed. 1998. Encyclopedia of Politics and Religion. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly. This collection of more than 240 articles covers the subject of religion and politics from a cross-cultural and cross-national perspective. Topics covered include individuals, institutions, cults, and issues such as the relationship between church and state.
325. Zacharias, Ravi K. 2002. Jesus among Other Gods: The Absolute Claims of the Christian Message. Nashville, TN: W. Publishing Group. Consistent with conservative Christian tendency following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, Zacharias compares Christianity to Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam, arguing that the claims of Christianity are unique. The author also argues against atheism. In his discussion of Islam, Zacharias focuses on grammatical and other difficulties in the Qur'an.
326. Zacharias, Ravi K. 2002. Light in the Shadow of Jihad: The Struggle for Truth. Sisters, OR: Multnomah.