Presidential Campaigns and the knowledge gap in three transitional democracies

Political Research Quarterly

Volumn 59, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 13-22

  McCann, James A ^a   Lawson, Chappell ^b  

^a PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33745667580     PISSN: 10659129     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/106591290605900102     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Almond, Gabriel, and Sidney Verba. 1963. The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
2. Altman, D., and A. Pérez-Liñán. 2002. "Assessing the Quality of Democracy: Freedom, Competitiveness and Participation in Eighteen Latin American Countries," Democratization 9 (2): 85100.
3. Ames, Barry, Andy Baker, and Lucio Renno. 2003. "Preference Instability and Social Networks in a Volatile Campaign: Voter Change and Choice in Brazil's 2002 Election." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association.
4. Ames, Barry, Lucio Renno, and Andy Baker. 2002. "The Dynamics of Political Attitude Formation in a Milieu of Multiple Weak Parties." National Science Foundation Grant Proposal (SES #0137088).
5. Bartels, Larry M. 1996. "Uninformed Voters: Information Effects in Presidential Election," American Journal of Political Science 40:1, 194-230.
6. _. 2005. "Homer Gets a Tax Cut: Inequality and Public Policy in the American Mind." Perspectives on Politics 3 (1): 15-31.
7. Berggren, Heidi M. 2001. "Institutional Context and the Reduction of the Resource Bias in Political Sophistication." Political Research Quarterly 54 (3): 531-52.
8. Brady, Henry E., Sidney Verba, and Kay Lehman Schlozman 1995. "Beyond SES: A Resource Model of Political Participation." American Political Science Review 89: 271-94.
9. Campbell, Angus, Philip Converse, Warren Miller, and Donald Stokes. 1960. The American Voter. New York: Wiley.
10. Cassel, Carol A., and Celia C. Lo. 1997. "Theories of Political Literacy." Political Behavior 19 (4): 317-35.
11. Conaghan, Catherine M. 1994. "Democracy that Matters: The Search for Authenticity, Legitimacy, and Civic Competence in the Andes," Project Latin America 2000 Series, Working Paper #1. South Bend, IN: University of Notre Dame, Helen Kellogg Institute for International Studies Press
12. Converse, Philip. 1962. "Information Flow and the Stability of Partisan Attitudes," Public Opinion Quarterly, 26:4, 578-99.
13. Converse, Philip. 1964. "The Nature of Belief Systems in Mass Publics." In D. E. Apter, ed., Ideology and Discontent. New York: Free Press.
14. _ 1970. "Attitudes and Non-attitudes: Continuation of a Dialogue." In E. R. Tufte, ed. The Quantitative Analysis of Social Problems, pp. 168-89. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.
15. Converse, Philip and Georges Dupeux. 1962. "Politicization of the Electorate in France and the United States." Public Opinion Quarterly 26: 1-23.
16. Delli Carpini, Michael and Scott Keeter. 1996. What Americans Know. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
17. Diamond, Larry, and Leonardo Morlino. 2004 "The Quality of Democracy" Journal of Democracy 14 (4): 20-31.
18. Domínguez, Jorge I., and Chappell Lawson. 2003. Mexico's Pivotal Democratic Election: Candidates, Voters, and the Presidential Race of 2000. Stanford and La Jolla, CA: Stanford University Press and the Center for U.S.-Mexican Studies, University of California at San Diego.
19. Donohue, G. A., P. J. Tichenor, and C. N. Olien. 1975. "Mass Media and the Knowledge Gap: A Hypothesis Reconsidered." Communication Research 2: 3-23.
20. Ettema, J. S., J. W. Brown, and R. V. Luepker. 1983. "Knowledge Gap Effects in a Health Administration Campaign." Public Opinion Quarterly 47: 516-27.
21. Ettema, J. S., F. G. Kline. 1977. "Deficits, Differences, and Ceilings: Contingent Conditions for Understanding the Knowledge Gap." Communication Research 4: 179-202.
22. Eveland, W. P. Jr., and D. A. Scheufele. 2000. "Connecting News Use with Gaps in Knowledge and Participation." Political Communication 17: 215-37.
23. Finkel, Steven. 1995. Causal Analysis with Panel Data. Sage University Paper Series Number 07-105.
24. _. 2003. "Can Democracy Be Taught?" Journal of Democracy 14(4): 137-51.
25. Gordon, Stacy B., and Gary M. Segura. 1997. "Cross-National Variation in Political Sophistication." Journal of Politics 59 (1): 126-47.
26. Heclo, Hugh. 2000. "Campaigning and Governing: A Conspectus." In Norman Ornstein and Thomas Mann, eds., The Permanent Campaign and Its Future. Washington, DC: AEI Press.
27. Holbrook, Thomas P. 2002. "Presidential Campaigns and the Knowledge Gap." Political Communication 19: 437-54.
28. Jennings, M. Kent. 1996. "Political Knowledge Over Time and Across Generations." Public Opinion Quarterly 60: 228-52.
29. Jerit, Jennifer, Jason Barabas, and Toby Bolsen. 2004. "Citizens, Knowledge, and the Information Environment." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Chicago.
30. Key, V. O. 1967. Public Opinion and American Democracy. New York: Knopf.
31. King, Gary, Michael Tomz, and Jason Wittenberg. 2000. "Making the Most of Statistical Analyses: Improving Interpretation and Presentation, American Journal of Political Science 44: 347-61.
32. Krosnick, Jon A. 1990. "Government Policy and Citizen Passion: A Study of Issue Publics in Contemporary America." Political Behavior 12: 59-92.
33. Kwak, N. 1999. "Revisiting the Knowledge Gap Hypothesis." Communication Research 26: 385-413.
34. Lippmann, Walter. 1993 [1927]. The Phantom Public. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers.
35. _. 1998 [1922]. Public Opinion. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction.
36. Lupia, Arthur, and Mathew D. McCubbins, 1998. The Democratic Dilemma.. New York: Cambridge University Press.
37. Luskin, Robert C. 1987. "Measuring Political Sophistication." American Journal of Political Science 31 (4): 856-99.
38. _. 1990. "Explaining Political Sophistication." Political Behavior, 12 (4): 331-61.
39. Milner, Henry, and Kimmo Gronlund. 2004. "The Determinants of Political Knowledge in a Comparative Perspective." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Chicago.
40. Miyo, Y. 1983. "The Knowledge Gap Hypothesis and Media Dependency." In R. N. Bostrom, ed., Communication Yearbook 7, pp. 269-97. Berverly Hill, CA: Sage.
41. Mondak, Jeffery J. 2001. "Developing Valid Knowledge Scales." American Journal of Political Science 45 (1): 224-38.
42. Moore, D. W. 1987. "Political Campaigns and the Knowledge-Gap Hypothesis," Public Opinion Quarterly 51: 186-200.
43. Nadeau, Richard, Neil Nevitte, Elisabeth Gidengil, and André Biais. 2001. "Election Campaigns as Information Campaigns: Who Learns What and with What Effect?" Typescript, University of Montreal.
44. Nie, Norman H., Sidney Verba, and John R. Petrocik, 1999. The Changing American Voter: Enlarged Edition. iUniverse.com
45. Niemi, Richard G., and Jane Junn. 1998. Civic Education: What Makes Students Learn. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
46. Neuman, W. Russell. 1986. The Paradox of Mass Politics: Knowledge and Opinion in the American Electorate. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
47. Price, Vincent, and John R. Zaller. 1993. "Who Gets the News? Alternative Measures of News Reception and Their Implications for Research." Public Opinion Quarterly 57: 133-64.
48. Prior, Markus. 2005. "News vs. Entertainment: How Increasing Media Choice Widens Gaps in Political Knowledge and Turnout." American Journal of Political Science 49 (3): 577-92.
49. Schattschneider, Eric Edwin. 1960. The Semi-Sovereign People: A Realist's View of Democracy in America. Hinsdale, IL: Dryden.
50. Setzler, Mark H. 2002. "The Acquisition of Political Knowledge and Electoral Accountability in a Developing Democracy: Evidence from Brazil," Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, August 29-September 1, Boston.
51. Shin, Doh Chull, Chong-Min Park, and Jiho Jang, 2002. "The Growth of Democratic Political Sophistication in Korea." Studies in Public Policy No. 369. Glasgow, Scotland: Center for the Study of Public Policy. University of Strathclyde Press.
52. _. 2005. "Assessing the Shifting qualities of Democratic Citizenship: The Case of South Korea," Demoralization 12 (2) April: 202-22.
53. Tichenor, P. J., G. A. Donohue, and C. N. Olien. 1970. "Mass Media Flow and Differential Growth in Knowledge." PublicOpinion Quarterly 34: 159-70.
54. Tichenor, P J., J. M. Rodenkirchen, C. N. Olien, and G. A. Donohue. 1973, "Community Issues, Conflict, and Public Affairs Knowledge," In P Clarke, ed., New Models/or Moss Communication Research. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
55. Tomz, Michael, Jason Wittenberg, and Gary King. 2003. "CLARIFY: Software for Interpreting and Presenting Statistical Results, Version 2.1" Stanford University, University of Wisconsin, and Harvard University, This program is freely available at http://GKing.Harvard. Edu.
56. Verba, Sidney, Kay Lehman Schlozman, and Henry E. Brady 1995. Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism and American Politics, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
57. Viswanath, K., and j. R. Finnegan, jr. 1996. "The Knowledge Gap Hypothesis Twenty-Five Years Later." In B. R. Berelson, ed., Communication Yearbook 19, pp. 187-227. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
58. Viswanath, K., E. Kahn, J. R. Finnegan Jr., J. Hertog, and j. Potter. 1993. "Motivation and the Knowledge Gap: Effects of a Campaign to Reduce Diet-Related Cancer Risk." Communication Research 20: 546-64.
59. Wooldridge, Jeffrey M. 2002. Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press,.
60. Zaller, John R. 1985, "Pre-testing Information Items on the 1986 NES Pilot Survey," Report to the National Election Study Board of Overseers.
61. _. 1992, The Nature and Origins of Mass Opinion. New York: Cambridge University Press.