Clinical, imaging, and pathological characteristics of left ventricular thrombus: A comparison of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, transthoracic echocardiography, and transesophageal echocardiography with surgical or pathological validation

American Heart Journal

Volumn 152, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 75-84

  Srichai, Monvadi B ^a   Junor, Chelif ^a   Rodriguez, L Leonardo ^a   Stillman, Arthur E ^a   Grimm, Richard A ^a   Lieber, Michael L ^a   Weaver, Joan A ^a   Smedira, Nicholas G ^a   White, Richard D ^a  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Echocardiography; Heart failure; Ischemic heart disease; Magnetic resonance imaging; Thrombus

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; EMBOLISM; FEMALE; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATIENT CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; THROMBOGENESIS; THROMBUS; TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY;

AGED; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, TRANSESOPHAGEAL; FEMALE; HEART DISEASES; HEART VENTRICLES; HUMANS; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; THROMBOSIS;

EID: 33745648980     PISSN: 00028703     EISSN: 10976744     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2005.08.021     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Chiarella F., Santoro E., Domenicucci S., et al. Predischarge two-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular thrombosis after acute myocardial infarction in the GISSI-3 study. Am J Cardiol 81 (1998) 822-877
2. Asinger R., Mikell R., Elsperger J., et al. Incidence of left ventricular thrombosis after acute transmural myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 305 (1981) 297-302
3. Stratton J.R., and Resnick A.D. Increased embolic risk in patients with left ventricular thrombi. Circulation 75 (1987) 1004-1011
4. Vaitkus P.T., and Barnathan E.S. Embolic potential, prevention and management of mural thrombus complicating anterior myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 22 (1993) 1004-1009
5. Greaves S.C., Zhi G., Lee R.T., et al. Incidence and natural history of left ventricular thrombus following anterior wall acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 80 (1997) 442-448
6. Sharma N.D., McCullough P.A., Philbin E.F., et al. Left ventricular thrombus and subsequent thromboembolism in patients with severe systolic dysfunction. Chest 117 (2000) 314-320
7. Kontny F., Dale J., Abildgaard U., et al. Randomized trial of low molecular weight heparin (dalteparin) in prevention of left ventricular thrombus formation and arterial embolism after acute anterior myocardial infarction: the Fragmin in Acute Myocardial Infarction (FRAMI) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 30 (1997) 962-969
8. Barkhausen J., Hunold P., Eggebrecht H., et al. Detection and characterization of intracardiac thrombi on MR imaging. Am J Roentgenol 179 (2002) 1539-1544
9. Mollet N.R., Dymarkowski S., Volders W., et al. Visualization of ventricular thrombi with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with ischemic heart disease. Circulation 106 (2002) 2873-2876
10. Schvartzman P.R., and White R.D. Magnetic resonance imaging. In: Topol E.J. (Ed). Textbook of cardiovascular medicine. 2nd ed. (2002), Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia 1213-1256
11. Simonetti O.P., Kim R.J., Fieno D.S., et al. An improved MR imaging technique for the visualization of myocardial infarction. Radiology 218 (2001) 215-223
12. Schiller N.B., Shah P.M., Crawford M., et al. Recommendations for quantitation of the left ventricle by two-dimensional echocardiography. American Society of Echocardiography Committee on Standards, Subcommittee on Quantitation of Two-Dimensional Echocardiograms. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2 (1989) 358-367
13. Kontny F., Dale J., Nesvold A., et al. Left ventricular thrombosis and arterial embolism in acute anterior myocardial infarction. J Intern Med 233 (1993) 139-143
14. Falk R.H., Foster E., and Coats M.H. Ventricular thrombi and thromboembolism in dilated cardiomyopathy: a prospective follow-up study. Am Heart J 123 (1992) 136-142
15. Johannessen K., Nordrehaug J., von der Lippe G., et al. Risk factors for embolisation in patients with left ventricular thrombi and acute myocardial infarction. Br Heart J 60 (1988) 104-110
16. Massie B. WATCH: Warfarin and Antiplatelet Therapy in Chronic Heart Failure Trial (2004), American College of Cardiology, New Orleans (LA)
17. Ezekowitz M.D. Imaging techniques for identifying left ventricular thrombi. Am J Card Imaging 8 (1994) 81-88
18. Stratton J.R., Lighty Jr. G.W., Pearlman A.S., et al. Detection of left ventricular thrombus by two-dimensional echocardiography: sensitivity, specificity, and causes of uncertainty. Circulation 66 (1982) 156-166
19. Visser C.A., Kan G., David G.K., et al. Two dimensional echocardiography in the diagnosis of left ventricular thrombus. A prospective study of 67 patients with anatomic validation. Chest 83 (1983) 228-232
20. Chen C., Koschyk D., Hamm C., et al. Usefulness of transesophageal echocardiography in identifying small left ventricular apical thrombus. J Am Coll Cardiol 21 (1993) 208-215
21. Pearson A.C. Transthoracic echocardiography versus transesophageal echocardiography in detecting cardiac sources of embolism. Echocardiography 10 (1993) 397-403
22. Thanigaraj S., Schechtman K.B., and Perez J.E. Improved echocardiographic delineation of left ventricular thrombus with the use of intravenous second-generation contrast image enhancement. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 12 (1999) 1022-1026
23. Shaw L.J. Impact of contrast echocardiography on diagnostic algorithms: pharmacoeconomic implications. Clin Cardiol 20 10 Suppl 1 (1997) I39-I48
24. Swinburn J., Lahiri A., and Senior R. Tissue harmonic imaging: a new method for predicting left ventricular thrombus?. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 13 (2000) 680-681
25. Kontny F., Dale J., Hegrenaes L., et al. Left ventricular thrombosis and arterial embolism after thrombolysis in acute anterior myocardial infarction: predictors and effects of adjunctive antithrombotic therapy. Eur Heart J 14 (1993) 1489-1492
26. Gottdiener J.S., Gay J.A., VanVoorhees L., et al. Frequency and embolic potential of left ventricular thrombus in dilated cardiomyopathy: assessment by 2-dimensional echocardiography. Am J Cardiol 52 (1983) 1281-1285
27. Domenicucci S., Bellotti P., Chiarella F., et al. Spontaneous morphologic changes in left ventricular thrombus: a prospective two-dimensional echocardiographic study. Circulation 75 (1987) 737-743
28. Neskovic A.N., Marinkovic J., Bojic M., et al. Predictors of left ventricular thrombus formation and disappearance after anterior wall myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 19 (1998) 908-916