A population-based assessment of presbyopia in the state of Andhra Pradesh, south India: The Andhra Pradesh eye disease study

Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science

Volumn 47, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 2324-2328

  Nirmalan, Praveen K ^a   Krishnaiah, Sannapaneni ^a   Shamanna, Bindiganavale R ^a   Rao, Gullapalli N ^a   Thomas, Ravi ^a  

^a L V PRASAD EYE INSTITUTE   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; AMPLIFIER; ANTERIOR EYE SEGMENT; ARTICLE; BIOMICROSCOPY; CATARACT; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; CLINICAL STUDY; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISTANCE PERCEPTION; EYE EXAMINATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERMETROPIA; INDIA; JOB PERFORMANCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL INFORMATION; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; MYOPIA; OPTICAL RESOLUTION; POPULATION RESEARCH; POSTERIOR EYE CHAMBER; PRESBYOPIA; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; RANDOM SAMPLE; READING; RISK ASSESSMENT; RURAL AREA; SLIT LAMP; SPECTACLES; STANDARDIZATION; VISION; VISUAL ACUITY; AGE DISTRIBUTION; DAILY LIFE ACTIVITY; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTOR; RURAL POPULATION; SEX RATIO; STATISTICS; URBAN POPULATION; VISUAL SYSTEM EXAMINATION;

ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES, OPHTHALMOLOGICAL; EYEGLASSES; FEMALE; HUMANS; INDIA; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PRESBYOPIA; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; RURAL POPULATION; SEX DISTRIBUTION; URBAN POPULATION;

EID: 33745637064     PISSN: 01460404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1167/iovs.05-1192     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. World Health Organization. Elimination of avoidable visual disability due to refractive errors. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO/PBL/00.79; 2001:10.
2. Attebo K, Ivers RQ, Mitchell P. Refractive errors in an older population: The Blue Mountains Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 1999;106:1066-1072.
3. Dandona R, Dandona L, Naduvilath TJ, et al. Refractive errors in an urban population in southern India: the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999;40:2810-2818.
4. Hyams SW, Pokotilo E, Shkurko G. Prevalence of refractive errors in adults over 40: a survey of 8102 eyes. Br J Ophthalmol. 1977;61:428-432.
5. Johnson GJ, Mathews A, Perkins ES. Survey of ophthalmic conditions in a Labrador community, I. Refractive Errors. Br J Ophthalmol. 1979;63:440-448.
6. Katz J, Tielsch JM, Sommer A. Prevalence and risk factors for refractive errors in an adult inner city population. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997;38:334-340.
7. Lavery JR, Gibson JM, Shaw DE, Rosenthal AR. Refraction and refractive errors in an elderly population. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1988;8:394-396.
8. Lee KE, Klein BE, Klein R. Changes in refractive errors over a 5-year interval in the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999;40:1645-1649.
9. Lewallen S, Lowdon R, Courtright P, Mehl GL. A population-based survey of the prevalence of refractive error in Malawi. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 1995;2:145-149.
10. Wang Q, Klein BE, Klein R, Moss SE. Refractive status in the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1994;35:4344-4347.
11. Wensor M, McCarty CA, Taylor HR. Prevalence and risk factors of myopia in Victoria, Australia. Arch Ophthalmol. 1999;117:658-663.
12. Wong TY, Foster PJ, Hee J, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for refractive errors in adult Chinese in Singapore. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000;41:2486-2494.
13. Wharton KR, Yorton RL. Visual characteristics of rural Central and South Americans. J Am Optom Assoc. 1986;57:426-430.
14. Nwosu SN. Ocular problems of young adults in rural Nigeria. Int Ophthalmol. 1998;22:259-263.
15. Kamali A, Whitworth JA, Ruberantwari A, et al. Causes and prevalence of non-vision impairing ocular conditions among a rural population in SW Uganda. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 1999;6:41-48.
16. Duane A. Are the current theories of accommodation correct? Am J Ophthalmol. 1925;8:196-202.
17. Fincham EF. The mechanism of accommodation. Br J Ophthalmol. 1937;8:5- 80.
18. Fincham EF, Walton J. The reciprocal actions of accommodation and convergence. J Physiol. 1957;137:488-508.
19. Eskridge JB. Review of ciliary muscle effort in presbyopia. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1984;61:133-138.
20. Hess C. Observations concerning accommodation organs. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd. 1904;42:309-315.
21. Gullstrand A. Mechanism of accommodation. In: Southall JPC, ed. Helmholtz's Treatise on Physiological Optics. Vol 1. Rochester, NY: Optical Society of America; 1924:appendices.
22. Fisher RF. The significance of the shape of the lens and capsular energy changes in accommodation. J Physiol. 1969;201:21-47.
23. Fisher RF. The elastic constants of the human lens. J Physiol. 1971;212:147-180.
24. Koretz JF, Handelman GH. How the human eye focuses. Sci Am. 1988;259:92-99.
25. Coleman DJ. Unified model for accommodative mechanism. Am J Ophthalmol. 1970;69:1063-1079.
26. Weale RA. Epidemiology of refractive errors and presbyopia. Surv Ophthalmol. 2003;48:515-543.
27. Dandona R, Dandona L, Naduvilath TJ, et al. Design of a population-based study of visual impairment in India: the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study. Indian J Ophthalmol. 1997;45:251-257.
28. Dandona L, Dandona R, Srinivas M, et al. Blindness in the Indian State of Andhra Pradesh. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42:908-916.
29. Chylack LT, Wolfe JK, Singer DM, et al. The lens opacities classification system III. Arch Ophthalmol. 1993;111:831-836.
30. Taylor HR, West SK. A simple system for the clinical grading of lens opacities. Lens Res. 1988;5:175-181.
31. Miranda MN. The geographic factor in the onset of presbyopia. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1979;77:603-621.
32. Rambo VC. Further notes on the varying ages at which different people develop presbyopia. Am J Ophthalmol. 1953;36:709-710.
33. Pointer JS. The presbyopic add, II. Age related trend and a gender difference. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1995;15:241-248.
34. Nirmalan PK, Krishnadas R, Ramakrishnan R, et al. Lens opacities in a rural population of Southern India: The Aravind Comprehensive Eye Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003;44:4639-4643.
35. Strenk SA, Strenk LM, Semmlow JL, DeMarco JK. Magnetic resonance imaging study of the effects of age and accommodation on the human lens cross-sectional area. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45:539-545.
36. Koopmans SA, Terwee T, Barkhof J, Haitjema HJ, Kooijman AC. Polymer refilling of presbyopic human lenses in vitro restores the ability to undergo accommodative changes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003;44:250-257.
37. Dubbelman M, Van der Heijde GL, Weeber HA, Vrensen GF. Changes in the internal structure of the human crystalline lens with age and accommodation. Vision Res. 2003;43:2363-2375.
38. Koretz JF, Cook CA, Kaufman PL. Accommodation and presbyopia in the human eye: changes in the anterior segment and crystalline lens with focus. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997;38:569-578.
39. Pau H, Kranz J. The increasing sclerosis of the human lens with age and its relevance to accommodation and presbyopia. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1991;229:294-296.
40. Dandona R. Optometry and eye care in India (Letter). Indian J Ophthalmol. 1998;46:175.