Islam between jihadi threats and islamist insecurities? Evidence from Belgium and Morocco

Mediterranean Politics

Volumn 11, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 231-253

  Zemni, Sami ^a,b  

^a GHENT UNIVERSITY   (Belgium)

^b Middle East and North Africa Research Group   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CITIZENSHIP; INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT; INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS; ISLAMISM; LIBERALIZATION; NATIONAL SECURITY; POLITICAL PROCESS; SECURITY THREAT; TERRORISM;

AFRICA; BELGIUM; BENELUX; EURASIA; EUROPE; MOROCCO; NORTH AFRICA; WESTERN EUROPE;

EID: 33745524525     PISSN: 13629395     EISSN: 17439418     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13629390600682958     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Aalberts, T. E. (2004) The future of sovereignty in multilevel governance Europe - a constructivist reading Journal of Common Market Studies, 42(1), pp. 23-46.
2. Apter, D. (1997) Political violence in analytical perspective. In The Legitimization of Violence. (pp. 1-32). London: Macmillan.
3. Arendt, H. (1969) On Violence. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
4. Baud M. and Rutten, R. (2004) Introduction International Review of Social History, 49(Supplement), pp. 1-18.
5. Beck, U. (2002) The terrorist threat: World risk society revisited Theory, Culture and Society, 19(4), pp. 39-55.
6. Belgian Senate and Parliament (2002) Session 2001-2002, Report on the activities of the permanent committee of supervision on the intelligence and security services, 19 July 2002, DOC. 50 1851/001 (Parliament), 2-1171/1 (Senate).
7. Bonelli, L. (2005) Quand les services de renseignement construisent un nouvel ennemi. In Le Monde Diplomatique. (pp. 12-13). April
8. Boukra, L. (2005) Terrorisme islamique et stratégie de riposte antiterroriste en Algérie (Islamic terrorism and anti-terrorist counteracts in Algeria), paper delivered at Advanced Nato Workshop, 'Security in the Mediterranean' Madrid, 22-24 June.
9. Burgat, Fr. (1995) L'islamisme en Face. Paris: La Découverte.
10. Burgat, Fr. (2003a) Face to Face with Political Islam. London: I.B. Tauris.
11. Burgat, Fr. (2003b) Veils and obscuring lenses. In Modernizing Islam. Religion in the Public Sphere in Europe and the Middle East. (pp. 17-41). London: Hurst & Co.
12. Commission of Intercultural Dialogue. (2005) Final Report of the Commission and Book of Audiences. Brussels
13. Coolsaet, R. (2005) Between al-Andalus and a failing integration. Europe's pursuit of a long-term counterterrorism strategy in the post-al-Qaeda era. In Egmont Paper 5. Ghent: KIIB-IRRI/Academia Press.
14. Fuller, Gr. (2003) The Future of Political Islam. Houndmills: Pallgrave Macmillan.
15. Haubrich, D. (2003) September 11: Anti-terror laws and civil liberties: Britain, France and Germany compared Government and Opposition, 38(1), pp. 3-29.
16. Huysmans, J. (2000) The European Union and the securitization of migration European Journal of Common Market Studies, 38(5), pp. 751-77.
17. Jayasuriya, K. (2001) 9/11 and the new 'anti-politics' of 'security', Social Science Research Council. Available at http://www.ssrc.org/sept11/essays/ (accessed 9 August 2005).
18. Kahler, M. and Lake, D. (2004) Governance in a global economy: Political authority in transition PS: Political Science and Politics, 37(3), pp. 409-14.
19. Kanmaz, M. and Zemni, S. (forthcoming) L'institutionnalisation de l'islam en Belgique. In. (The institutionalisation of Islam in Belgium), CRISP
20. Leca, J. (1994) Le Phénomène de la Violence Politique: Perspectives Comparatistes et Paradigme Egyptien. Le Caire: Ed. Cedej. (The Phenomenon of Political Violence: Comparative Perspectives and Egyptian Paradigm)
21. Leman, J. (2000) Minority leadership, science, symbols, and the media: the Belgian Islam debate and its relevance for other countries in Europe Journal of International Migration and Integration, 1(3). Available at http://jimi.metropolis.net/frameset_e.html
22. Manço, U. and Kanmaz, M. (2004) Belgique: Intégration et reconnaissance du culte islamique: Un essai de bilan. In Reconnaissance et Discrimination: Présence de L'islam en Europe Occidentale et en Amérique du Nord. (pp. 85-115). Liège, Paris: IRFAM, L'Harmattan. (Recognition and Discrimination: The Presence of Islam in Western Europe and North America)
23. Manço, U. and Renaerts, M. (2000) Lente institutionnalisation de l'islam et persistance d'inégalités face aux autres cultes reconnus. In Voix et Voies Musulmanes en Belgique. (pp. 83-106). Bruxelles: Publications des Facultés universitaires Saint-Louis. (Muslim Voices and Pathways in Belgium)
24. Mandaville, P. (2001) Transnational Muslim Politics: Reimagining the Umma. London and New York: Routledge.
25. Ministère de la Communication. (2003) Discours de S.M. le roi Mohammed VI à l'occasion de la fête du Trône, 30 July
26. Ministère de la Communication. (2004) Discours de S.M. le roi Mohammed VI à l'occasion de la fête du Trône, 30 July
27. Panafit, L. (1999) Quand le droit écrit l'Islam - L'intégration juridique de l'Islam en Belgique (Bruxelles: Bruylant)
28. Roy, O. (2002) L'islam Mondialisé. Paris: Le Seuil. (Globalised Islam)
29. Soysal, Y.N. (1994) Limits of Citizenship. Migrants and Postnational Members in Europe. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
30. Tozy, M. (1999) Monarchie et Islam Politique au Maroc. Paris: Presses de Sciences Po. (Monarchy and Political Islam in Morocco)
31. Waldinger, R. and Fitzgerald, D. (2004) Transnationalism in question American Journal of Sociology, 109(5), pp. 1177-95.
32. Wallerstein, I. (2000) From sociology to historical social science: prospects and obstacles British Journal of Sociology, 51(1), pp. 25-35.
33. Wendt, A. (1987) The agent-structure problem in international relations theory International Organization, 41(3), pp. 335-370.
34. Wendt, A. (1992) Anarchy is what states make of it: The social construction of power politics International Organization, 46(2), pp. 391-425.
35. Williams, M. C. (2003) Words, images, enemies: Securitization and international politics International Studies Quarterly, 47(4), pp. 511-31.
36. Willis, M. (2004) Morocco's Islamists and the legislative elections of 2002: The strange case of the party that did not want to win Mediterranean Politics, 9(1), pp. 53-81.
37. Zemni, S. (2000) Algeria between jihad and business: The dynamics of civil war and the recreation of neo-patrimonialism 1990-2000 Sharqiyyat, 12, pp. 21-46.
38. Zemni, S. (2002) Islam, European identity and the limits of multiculturalism. In Religious Freedom and the Neutrality of the State: The Position of Islam in the European Union. (pp. 158-173). Leuven: Peeters.
39. Zemni, S. (2004) Post-positivism and constructivism: Any promises for Middle East studies? A short essay Journal of Mediterranean Studies, 14(1 and 2), pp. 289-310.
40. Zemni, S. and Parker, Chr. (2002) European Union, Islam & the challenges of multiculturalism. rethinking the question. In Islam in Europe: The New Social, Cultural, and Political Landscape. (pp. 231-244). Westport: Praeger.