Cellular immune responses against persistent hepatitis C virus: Gone but not forgotten

Gut

Volumn 55, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 914-916

  Klenerman, P ^a   Semmo, N ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CD4 ANTIGEN; CD8 ANTIGEN; INTERLEUKIN 2; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 1; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2;

CELL ACTIVITY; CELL FUNCTION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; HEPATITIS C; HEPATITIS C VIRUS; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; NONHUMAN; NOTE; PERSISTENT INFECTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN SECRETION; T LYMPHOCYTE;

ACUTE DISEASE; HEPACIVIRUS; HEPATITIS C; HUMANS; IMMUNITY, CELLULAR; LIVER;

EID: 33745499900     PISSN: 00175749     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/gut.2005.087304     Document Type: Note

References (29)

1. Bowen DG, Walker CM. Adaptive immune responses in acute and chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Nature 2005;436:946-52.
2. Diepolder HM, Zachoval R, Hoffmann RM, et al. Possible mechanism involving T-lymphocyte response to non-structural protein 3 in viral clearance in acute hepatitis C virus infection. Lancet 1995;346:1006-7.
3. Missale G, Bertoni R, Lamonaca V, et al. Different clinical behaviours of acute HCV infection are associated with different vigor of the anti-viral T cell response. J Clin Invest 1996;98:706-14.
4. Day CL, Seth NP, Lucas M, et al. Ex vivo analysis of human memory CD4 T cells specific for hepatitis C virus using MHC class II tetramers. J Clin Invest 2003;112:831-42.
5. Lechner F, Wong DK, Dunbar PR, et al. Analysis of successful immune responses in persons infected with hepatitis C virus. J Exp Med 2000;191:1499-512.
6. Lechner F, Gruener NH, Urbani S, et al. CD8+ T lymphocyte responses are induced during acute hepatitis C virus infection but are not sustained, Eur J Immunol 2000;30:2479-87.
7. Cox AL, Mosbruger T, Lauer GM, et al. Comprehensive analyses of CD8+ T cell responses during longitudinal study of acute human hepatitis C. Hepotology 2005;42:104-12.
8. Thursz M, Yallop R, Goldin R, et al. Influence of MHC class II genotype on outcome of infection with hepatitis C virus. The HENCORE group. Hepatitis C European Network for Cooperative Research, Lancet 1999;354:2119-24.
9. McKiernan SM, Hagan R, Curry M, et al. Distinct MHC class I and II alleles are associated with hepatitis C viral clearance, originating from a single source. Hepatology 2004;40:108-14.
10. He X-S, Rehermann B, Lopez-Labrador F, et al. Quantitative analysis of HCV-specific CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood and liver using peptide-MHC tetramers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999;96:5692-7.
11. Grabowska AM, Lechner F, Klenerman P, et al. Direct ex vivo comparison of the breadth and specificity of the T cells in the liver and peripheral blood of patients with chronic HCV infection. Eur J Immunol 2001;31:2388-94.
12. Folgori A, Spada E, Pezzanera M, et al. Early impairment of hepatitis C virus specific T cell proliferation during acute infection leads to failure of viral clearance Gut 2006;55:1012-9.
13. Lauer G, Barnes E, Lucas M, et al. High resolution analysis of cellular immune responses in resolved and persistent hepatitis C virus infection. Gastroenterology 2004;127:924-36.
14. Erickson AL, Kimura Y, Igarashi S, et al. The outcome of hepatitis C virus infection is predicted by escape mutations in epitopes targeted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Immunity 2001;15:883-95.
15. Cox AL, Mosbruger T, Mao Q, et al. Cellular immune selection with hepatitis C virus persistence in humans. J Exp Med 2005;201:1741-52.
16. Timm J, Lauer GM, Kavanagh DG, et al. CD8 epitope escape and reversion in acute HCV infection. J Exp Med 2004;200:1593-604.
17. Ray SC, Fanning L, Wang XH, et al. Divergent and convergent evolution after a common-source outbreak of nepatitis C virus. J Exp Med 2005;201:1753-9.
18. Urbani S, Amadei B, Cariani E, et al. The impairment of CD8 responses limits the selection of escape mutations in acute hepatitis C virus infection. J Immunol 2005;175:7519-29.
19. Moskophidis D, Laine E, Zinkernagel RM. Peripheral clonal deletion of antiviral memory CD8+ T cells. Eur J Immunol 1993;23:3306-11.
20. Wherry EJ, Ahmed R. Memory CD8 T-cell differentiation during viral infection. J Virol 2004;78:5535-45.
21. Lauer GM, Ouchi K, Chung RT, et al. Comprehensive analysis or CD8(+)-T-cell responses against hepatitis C virus reveals multiple unpredicted specificities. J Virol 2002;76:6104-13.
22. Wedemeyer H, He XS, Nascimbeni M, et al. Impaired effector function of hepatitis C virus-specific CD8+ T cells in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Immunol 2002;169:3447-58.
23. Zajac AJ, Vance RE, Held W, et al. Impaired anti-viral T cell responses due to expression of the Ly49A inhibitory receptor. J Immunol 1999;163:5526-34.
24. Semmo N, Day CL, Ward SM, et al. Preferential loss of IL-2-secreting CD4+ T helper cells in chronic HCV infection. Hepatology 2005;41:1019-28.
25. Dittmer U, He H, Messer RJ, et al. Functional impairment of CD8(+) T cells by regulatory T cells during persistent retroviral infection. Immunity 2004;20:293-303.
26. Sugimoto K, Ikeda F, Stadanlick J, et al. Suppression of HCV-specific T cells without differential hierarchy demonstrated ex vivo in persistent HCV infection. Hepatology 2003;38:1437-48.
27. Cabrera R, Tu Z, Xu Y, et al. An immunomodulatory role for CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T lymphocytes in hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatology 2004;40:1062-71.
28. Boettler T, Spangenberg HC, Neumann-Haefelin C, et al. T cells with a CD4+CD25+ regulatory phenotype suppress in vitro proliferation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells during chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Virol 2005;79:7860-7.
29. Rushbrook SM, Ward SM, Unitt E, et al. Regulatory T cells suppress in vitro proliferation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells during persistent hepatitis C virus infection. S Virol 2005;79:7852-9.