The application of geophysical methods to archaeological prospection

Reports on Progress in Physics

Volumn 69, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 2205-2257

  Linford, Neil ^a  

^a ENGLISH HERITAGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33745488064     PISSN: 00344885     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/69/7/R04     Document Type: Article

References (103)

1. Alldred J C 1964 A fluxgate gradiometer for archaeological surveying Archaeometry 7 14-19
2. Alldred J C and Aitken M J 1966 A fluxgate gradiometer for archaeological surveying Prospezioni Archeol. 1 53-9
3. Annan A P and Cosway S W 1992 Simplified GPR beam model for survey design 62nd Annual Meeting, Soc. Exploration Geophysicists (New Orleans) pp 356-9
4. Arzi A A 1975 Microgravimetry for engineering applications Geophys. Prospect. 23 408-25
5. Aspinall A and Lynam J T 1968 Induced polarization as a technique for archaeological surveying Prospezioni Archeol. 3 91-3
6. Aspinall A and Lynam J T 1970 An induced polarization instrument for the detection of near-surface features Prospezioni Archeol. 5 67-75
7. Atkinson R J C 1953 Field Archaeology (London: Methuen)
8. Ayala G, Canti M G, Heathcote J, Sidell J and Usai R 2004 Geoarchaeology: Using Earth Sciences to Understand the Archaeological Record (London: English Heritage)
9. Bellerby T J, Noel M J and Brannigan K 1990 A thermal method for archaeological prospection: preliminary investigations Archaeometry 32 191-203
10. Bevan B W 2000 An early Geophysical Survey at Williamsburg, USA Archaeol. Prospect. 7 51-8
11. Bevan B W and Kenyon J 1975 Ground-Penetrating Radar for Historical Archaeology MASCA Newsletter 11 2-7
12. Blíkovsky M 1979 Processing and applications in microgravity surveys Geophys. Prospect. 27 848-51
13. Brooke C J 1987 Ground-based remote sensing for archaeological information recovery in historic buildings Int. J. Remote Sens. 8 1039-48
14. Brown B H 1986 Applied potential tomography, looking inside the human body and other conducting objects Phys. Bull. 37 109-12
15. Butler D K 1984 Microgravimetric and gravity gradient techniques for detection of subsurface cavities Geophysics 49 1084-96
16. Carver M O H 1985 Bull. Sutton Hoo Res. Committee 3 31
17. C SQUID gradiometers IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 13 767-70
18. Chwala A, Schultze V, Stolz R, Ramos J, Ijsselsteijn R, Kretzschmar D and Meyer H-G 2001a An HTS dc SQUID system in competition with induction coils for TEM applications Physica C 354 45-8
19. Chwala A, Stolz R, Ijsselsteijn R, Schultze V, Ukhansky N, Meyer H-G and Schüler T 2001b SQUID gradiometers for archaeometry Supercond. Sci. Technol. 14 1111-14
20. Chwala A, Stolz R, Ramos J, Schultze V, Meyer H-G and Kretzschmar D 1999 An HTS dc SQUID system for geomagnetic prospection Supercond. Sci. Technol. 12 1036-8
21. Clark A J 1957 The transistor as the archaeologist's latest tool Illustrated London News 230 900-1
22. Clark A J C 1990 Seeing Beneath the Soil (London: Batsford)
23. Clarke J 1983 Geophysical application of SQUIDs IEEE Trans. Magn. 19 288-91
24. Cleal R M J, Walker K E and Montague R 1995 Stonehenge in its Landscape: Twentieth Century Excavations (London: English Heritage)
25. Colani C 1966 A new type of locating device-I. The instruments Archaeometry 9 3-8
26. Cole M A, David A E U, Linford N T, Linford P K and Payne A W 1997 Non-destructive techniques in English gardens: geophysical prospecting J. Garden Hist. 17 26-39
27. Cole M A, Linford N T, Payne A P and Linford P K 1995 Soil magnetic susceptibility measurements and their application to archaeological site investigation Science and Site: Evaluation and Conservation ed J Beavis and K Barker (Bournemouth, UK: Bournemouth University) pp 114-62
28. Conyers L B 2004 Ground Penetrating Radar for Archaeology (Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press)
29. Conyers L B and Goodman D 1997 Ground Penetrating Radar: An Introduction for Archaeologists (Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press)
30. Craddock P T, Gurney D, Pryor F and Hughes M J 1985 The application of phosphate analysis to the location and interpretation of archaeological sites Archaeol. J. 142 361-76
31. Crowther J 1997 Soil phosphate surveys: critical approaches to sampling, analysis and interpretation Archaeol. Prospect. 4 93-102
32. Daniels D (ed) 2004 Ground Penetrating Radar (London: IEE)
33. David A, Cole M, Horsley T, Linford N, Linford P and Martin L 2004 A hidden Stonehenge: geophysical survey at Stanton Drew, England Antiquity 78 153-69
34. Di Filippo M, Ruspandini T and Toro B 2000 The role of gravity surveys in archaeology Non-Destructive Techniques Applied to Landscape Archaeology vol 4 ed M Pasquinucci and F Trément (Oxford: Oxbow) pp 148-54
35. 0 for fine magnetic particles J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 125 345-50
36. Dobinson C and Denison S 1995 Metal Detecting and Archaeology in England (London: English Heritage and the Council for British Archaeology)
37. Drahor M G 2004 Application of the self-potential method to archaeological prospection: some case studies Archaeol. Prospect. 11 77-105
38. English Heritage 1995 Geophysical Survey in Archaeological Field Evaluation, Research and Professional Services Guideline 1 (London: English Heritage)
39. Fajklewicz Z J 1976 Gravity vertical measurements for the detection of small geologic and anthropogenic forms Geophysics 41 1016-30
40. Fassbinder J W E and Stanjek H 1993 Occurrence of bacterial magnetite in soils from archaeological sites Archaeol. Polona 31 117-28
41. Fassbinder J W E, Stanjek H and Vali H 1990 Occurrence of magnetic bacteria in soil Nature 343 161-3
42. Frankel R B and Blakemore R P (ed) 1991 Iron Biominerals (New York: Plenum)
43. Frazier C H, Cadalli N, Munson D C and O'Brien W D 2000 Acoustic imaging of objects in soil J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 108 147-56
44. Gaffney C and Gater J 2003 Revealing the Buried Past: Geophysics for Archaeologists (Stroud: Tempus)
45. Gazdag J 1978 Wave equation migration with the phase shift method Geophysics 43 1342-51
46. Goulty N R, Gibson J P C, Moore J G and Welfare H 1990 Delineation of the vallum at Vindobala, Hadrian's wall, by shear-wave seismic refraction survey Archaeometry 32 71-82
47. Griffiths D H and Barker R D 1993 Two-dimensional resistivity imaging and modelling in areas of complex geology J. Appl. Geophys. 29 211-26
48. Griffiths D H and Barker R D 1994 Electrical imaging in archaeology J. Archaeol. Sci. 21 153-8
49. Hesse A 2000 Count Robert du Mesnil du Buisson (1895-1986) A French Precursor in Geophysical Survey for Archaeology Archaeol. Prospect. 7 43-9
50. Hesse A 1981 Réalisation et expérimentation d'un résistivimètre autotracté enregistreur 'RATE' (en Collaboration avec A Jolivet). Compte rendu de fin d'études d'une recherche financée par la DGRST, décision d'aide no. 78 7 0247 AC Les Sciences de la Terre et les problèmes d'Aménagements d'Urbanisme et de Construction 14-3-1981
51. Hildebrand J A, Wiggins S M, Henkart P C and Conyers L B 2002 Comparison of seismic reflection and ground-penetrating radar imaging at the Controlled Archaeological Test Site, Champaign, Illinois Archaeol. Prospect. 9 9-21
52. Horton B M 1959 Noise-modulated distance measuring system Proc. Inst. Radio Eng. 147 821-8
53. Howell M I 1966 A soil conductivity meter Archaeometry 9 20-3
54. Howell M I 1968 The soil conductivity anomaly detector (SCM) in archaeological prospection Prospezioni Archeol. 3 101-4
55. Keevil G D and Linford N 1998 Landscape with gardens: aerial, topographic and geophysical survey at Hamstead Marshall, Berkshire There by Design, Field Archaeology in Parks and Gardens vol 267 ed P Pattison (Oxford: Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England) pp 13-22
56. Kooiman G and de Jongh I G 1994 Thermal revelations The Conservation and Repair of Ecclesiastical Buildings ed J Taylor (London: Cathedral Communications) pp 10-11
57. Langan L 1966 Use of new atomic magnetometers in archaeology Prospezioni Archeol. 1 61-6
58. Leckebusch J 2003 Ground-penetrating radar: a modern three-dimensional prospection method Archaeol. Prospect. 10 213-41
59. Leckebusch J 2005 Precision real-time positioning for fast geophysical prospection Archaeol. Prospect. 12 199-202
60. Lehmann F and Green A G 1999 Semiautomated georadar data acquisition in three dimensions Geophysics 64 719-31
61. Linford N 1994 Mineral magnetic profiling of archaeological sediments Archaeol. Prospect. 1 37-52
62. Linford N 2005 Archaeological applications of naturally occurring nanomagnets Int. Conf. on Fine Particle Magnetism (London, 20-22 September 2004) J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 17 127-44
63. Linford N T 1998 Geophysical Survey at Boden Vean, Cornwall, Including an assessment of the Microgravity Technique for the Location of Suspected Archaeological Void Features Archaeometry 40 187-216
64. Linford N T 2004 Magnetic ghosts: mineral magnetic measurements on Roman and Anglo-Saxon Graves Archaeol. Prospect. 11 167-80
65. Linford N T and Canti M G 2001 Geophysical evidence for fires in antiquity: preliminary results from an experimental study Archaeol. Prospect. 8 211-25
66. Linnington R E 1966 The test use of a gravimeter on Etruscan chambered tombs at Cerveteri Prospezioni Archeol. 1 37-41
67. Loke M H and Barker R D 1996 Rapid least-squares inversion of apparent resistivity pseudosections by a quasi-Newton method Geophys. Prospect. 44 131-52
68. Maher B, Thompson R and Hounslow M 1999 Introduction Quaternary Climates, Environments and Magnetism ed B A Maher and R Thompson (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) pp 1-48
69. Metwaly M, Green A G, Horstmeyer H, Maurer H, Abbas A M and Hassaneen A G 2005 Combined seismic tomographic and ultrashallow seismic reflection study of an early dynastic Mastaba, Saqqara, Egypt Archaeol. Prospect. 12 245-56
70. Milsom J 2003 Field Geophysics (Chichester: Wiley)
71. Mullins C E 1974 The magnetic properties of the soil and their application to archaeological prospecting Archaeo-Physika 5 143-347
72. Mullins C E 1977 Magnetic susceptibility of the soil and its significance in soil science-a review J. Soil Sci. 28 223-46
73. Musson C R 1968 A geophysical survey at South Cadbury Castle, Somerset, using the Howell soil conductivity anomaly detector (SCM) Prospezioni Archeol. 3 115-21
74. Néel L 1949 Théorie du tranage magnétique des ferromagnétiques en grains fins avec applications aux terres cuites Ann. Géophys. 5 99-136
75. Neubauer W, Eder-Hinterleitner A, Seren S and Melichar P 2002 Georadar in the Roman Civil Town Carnumtum, Austria: an approach for archaeological interpretation of GPR data Archaeol. Prospect. 9 135-56
76. Noel M and Xu B 1991 Archaeological investigation by electrical resistivity tomography: a preliminary study Geophys. J. Int. 107 95-102
77. Oldfield F 1992 The source of fine-grained 'magnetite' in sediments Holocene 2 180-2
78. Oldfield F, Krawiecki A, Maher B, Taylor J J and Twigger S 1985 The role of mineral magnetic measurements in archaeology Palaeoenvironmental Investigations: Research Design, Methods and Data Analysis. Symposia of the Association for environmental Archaeology No 5A vol 258 ed N R J Fieller et al pp 29-43
79. Ovenden S M 1994 Applications of seismic refraction to archaeological prospecting Archaeol. Prospect. 1 53-64
80. Packard M and Varian R 1954 Free nuclear induction in the Earth's magnetic field Phys. Rev. 93 941
81. Payne A 1993 Freens Court, Sutton St. Michael, Hereford and Worcester: Report on Geophysical Survey (June 1991) (London: English Heritage) 118/93
82. Pipan M, Baradello L, Forte E, Prizzon A and Finetti I 1999 2-D and 3-D processing and interpretation of multi-fold ground penetrating radar data: a case history from an archaeological site J. Appl. Geophys. 41 271-92
83. Proudfoot B 1976 The analysis and interpretation of soil phosphorus in archaeological contexts Geoarchaeology ed D A Davidson and M L Shackley (London: Duckworth) pp 93-113
84. Ralph E K, Morrison F and O'Brien D 1968 Archaeological surveying utilizing a high-sensitivity difference magnetometer Geoexploration 6 109-22
85. Ruffell A and Wilson J 1998 Near-surface investigation of ground chemistry using radiometric measurements and spectral gamma-ray data Archaeol. Prospect. 5 203-15
86. Schleifer N, Weller A, Schneider S and Junge A 2002 Investigation of a Bronze Age plankway by spectral induced polarization Archaeol. Prospect. 9 243-53
87. Scollar I 1962 Electromagnetic prospecting methods in archaeology Archaeometry 5 146-53
88. Scollar I and Krückeberg F 1966 Computer treatment of magnetic measurements from archaeological sites Archaeometry 9 61-71
89. Scollar I, Tabbagh A, Hesse A and Herzog I 1990 Archaeological Prospecting and Remote Sensing (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
90. Somers L, Linford N, Penn W, David A, Urry L and Walker R 2005 Fixed frequency radio wave imaging of subsurface archaeological features: a minimally invasive technique for studying archaeological sites Archaeometry 47 159-73
91. Stolt R H 1978 Migration by Fourier transform Geophysics 43 23-48
92. Stove G C and Addyman P V 1989 Ground probing impulse radar: an experiment in archaeological remote sensing at York Antiquity 63 337-42
93. Tabbagh A 1986 Applications and advantages of the Slingram electromagnetic method for archaeological prospecting Geophysics 51 576-84
94. Telford W M, Geldart L P, Sheriff R E and Keys D A 1976 Applied Geophysics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
95. Tite M S and Mullins C E 1969 Electromagnetic prospecting, a preliminary investigation Prospezioni Archeol. 4 95-102
96. Tite M S and Mullins C E 1973 Magnetic viscosity, quadrature susceptibility and multi-frequency dependence of susceptibility in single domain assemblies of magnetite and maghemite J. Geophys. Res. 78 804-9
97. Vafidis A, Manakou M, Kritikakis G, Voganatsis D, Sarris A and Kalpaxis T 2003 Mapping the ancient port at the archaeological site of Itanos (Greece) using shallow seismic methods Archaeol. Prospect. 10 163-73
98. Vaughan C J 1986 Ground-penetrating radar survey used in archeological investigations Geophysics 51 595-604
99. Wait J R 1955 Mutual electromagnetic coupling of loops over a homogeneous ground Geophysics 20 630-8
100. Wang S G, Zhang L H, Wang C J and Dai Y 1997 Application of high temperature superconducting quantum interference devices in transient electromagnetic method for magnetotelluric sounding Physica C 282-287 411-4
101. Wynn J C and Sherwood S I 1984 The self-potential (SP) method: an inexpensive reconnaissance and archaeological mapping tool J. Field Archaeol. 11 195-204
102. Xu Y, Narayanan R M, Xu X and Curtis J O 2001 Polarimetric processing of coherent random noise radar data for buried object detection IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing 39 467-78
103. Zakosarenko V, Chwala A, Ramos J, Stolz R, Schultze V, Lütjen H, Blume J, Schüler T and Meyer H-G 2001 HTS dc SQUID systems for geophysical prospection IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 11 896-9