The origin of mammalian endothermy: A paradigm for the evolution of complex biological structure

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

Volumn 147, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 473-488

  Kemp, T S ^a  

^a ST JOHN S COLLEGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Correlated progression; Megaevolution; Origin of mammals; Synapsida; Therapsida

Indexed keywords

AMNIOTA; AVES; MAMMALIA; SYNAPSIDA;

EID: 33745266805     PISSN: 00244082     EISSN: 10963642     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00226.x     Document Type: Review

References (60)

1. Allman J. 2000. Evolving brains. New York: Scientific American Library.
2. Angilletta MJ, Sears MW. 2003. Is parental care the key to understanding endothermy in birds and mammals? The American Naturalist 162: 821-825.
3. Bennett AF, Hicks JW, Cullum AJ. 2000. An experimental test of the thermoregulatory hypothesis for the evolution of endothermy. Evolution 54: 1768-1773.
4. Bennett AF, Ruben JA. 1979. Endothermy and activity in vertebrates. Science 206: 649-654.
5. Bennett AF, Ruben JA. 1986. The metabolic and thermoregulatory status of therapsids. In: Hotton I, Nicholas MacLean PD, Roth JJ, Roth EC, eds. The ecology and biology of mammal-like reptiles. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 207-218.
6. Boily P. 2002. Individual variation in metabolic traits of wild nine-banded armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) and the aerobic capacity model for the evolution of endothermy. Journal of Experimental Biology 205: 3207-3214.
7. Botha J, Chinsamy A. 2000. Growth patterns deduced from the histology of the cynodonts. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20: 705-711.
8. Budd GE. 1998. Arthropod body-plan evolution in the Cambrian with an example from anomalocaridid muscle. Lethaia 31: 197-210.
9. Carrier DR. 1987. The evolution of locomotor stamina in tetrapods: circumventing a mechanical constraint. Paleobiology 13: 326-341.
10. Cowles RB. 1958. Possible origin of dermal temperature regulation. Evolution 12: 347-357.
11. Crompton AW, Taylor CR, Jagger JA. 1978. Evolution of homeothermy in mammals. Nature 272: 333-336.
12. Dohm MR, Hayes JP, Garland T. 2001. The quantitative genetics of maximal and basal rates of oxygen consumption in mice. Genetics 159: 267-277.
13. Eisenberg JE. 1981. The mammalian radiations: an analysis of trends in evolution, adaptation, and behaviour. London: The Athlone Press.
14. Farmer CG. 2000. Parental care: the key to understanding endothermy and other convergent features in birds and mammals. The American Naturalist 155: 326-334.
15. Farmer CG. 2003. Reproduction: the adaptive significance of endothermy. The American Naturalist 162: 826-840.
16. Gomes FR, Chaui-Berlinck J-G, Bicudo J-EPW, Navas CA. 2004. Intraspecific relationships between resting and activity metabolism in anuran amphibians: influence of ecology and behavior. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 77: 197-208.
17. Harvey PH, Krebs JR. 1990. Comparing brains. Science 249: 140-146.
18. Harvey PH, Pagel MD. 1991. The comparative method in evolutionary biology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
19. Hayes JP, Garland T. 1995. The evolution of endothermy: testing the aerobic capacity model. Evolution 49: 836-847.
20. Hicks JW, Farmer CG. 1999. Gas exchange potential in reptilian lungs: implications for the dinosaur-avian connection. Respiration Physiology 117: 73-83.
21. Hillenius WJ. 1992. The evolution of nasoturbinates and mammalian endothermy. Paleobiology 18: 17-29.
22. Hillenius WJ. 1994. Turbinates in therapsids: evidence for Late Permian origins of mammalian endothermy. Evolution 48: 207-229.
23. Hinds DSR, Baudinette RE, MacMillen RE, Halpern EA. 1992. Maximum metabolism and the aerobic factorial scope of endotherms. Journal of Experimental Biology 182: 41-56.
24. Hopson JA. 1979. Paleoneurology. In: Gans C, Northcutt RG, Ulinski P, eds. Biology of the reptiles. London: Academic Press, 39-146.
25. Hopson JA. 1991. Systematics of nonmammalian Synapsida and implications for patterns of evolution in synapsids. In: Schultze H-P, Trueb L, eds. The origin of higher groups of tetrapods: controversy and consensus. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 635-693.
26. Horner JR, de Ricqles A, Padian K. 1999. Variation in dinosaur skeletochronology indicators: implications for age assessment and physiology. Paleobiology 25: 295-304.
27. Hsia CCW. 2004. Signals and mechanisms of compensatory lung growth. Journal of Applied Physiology 97: 1992-1998.
28. Hulbert AJ. 1980. The evolution of energy metabolism in mammals. In: Schmidt-Nielsen K, Bolis L, Taylor CR, eds. Comparative physiology: primitive mammals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 130-139.
29. Hulbert AJ, Else PL. 1989. Evolution of mammalian endothermic metabolism. American Journal of Physiology 256: R63-R69.
30. Hulbert AJ, Else PL. 1990. The cellular basis of endothermic metabolism: a role for 'leaky' membranes? News in Physiological Sciences 5: 25-28.
31. Hulbert AJ, Else PL. 2000. Mechanisms underlying the cost of living in animals. Annual Review of Physiology 62: 207-235.
32. Jackson D, Prange HD. 1979. Ventilation and gas exchange during rest and exercise in adult green sea turtles. Journal of Comparative Physiology 134: 315-319.
33. Jerison HJ. 1971. More on why birds and mammals have big brains. American Naturalist 105: 185-189.
34. Kemp TS. 1969. On the functional morphology of the gorgonopsid skull. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 256: 1-83.
35. Kemp TS. 1979. The primitive cynodont Procynosuchus: functional anatomy of the skull and relationships. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 285: 73-122.
36. Kemp TS. 1982. Mammal-like reptiles and the origin of mammals. London: Academic Press.
37. Kemp TS. 1985. Synapsid reptiles and the origin of higher taxa. Special Papers in Palaeontology 33: 175-184.
38. Kemp TS. 1986. The skeleton of a baurioid therocephalian therapsid from the Lower Triassic (Lystrosaurus zone) of South Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 6: 215-232.
39. Kemp TS. 1999. Fossils and evolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
40. Kemp TS. 2005. The origin and evolution of mammals. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
41. Koteja P. 2000. Energy assimilation, parental care and the evolution of endothermy. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 267: 479-484.
42. Krosniunas EH, Gerstner GE. 2003. A model of vertebrate resting metabolic rate: balancing energetics and O transport in system design. Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology 134: 93-113.
43. Lee MSY, Doughty P. 1997. The relationship between evolutionary theory and phylogenetic analysis. Biological Reviews 72: 471-495.
44. Lenski RE, Ofria C, Pennock RT, Adami C. 2003. The evolutionary origin of complex features. Nature 423: 139-144.
45. Mani GS, Clarke BC. 1990. Mutational order: a major stochastic process in evolution. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 240: 29-37.
46. McNab BK. 1978. The evolution of endothermy in the phylogeny of mammals. The American Naturalist 112: 1-21.
47. Niklas KJ. 1995. Morphological evolution through complex domains of fitness. In: Fitch WM, Ayala FJ, eds. Tempo and mode in evolution. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 145-165.
48. Niklas KJ. 1997. The evolutionary biology of plants. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
49. Niklas KJ. 2000. Modelling fossil plant form-function relationships: a critique. In: Erwin DH, Wing SL, eds. Deep time: paleobiology's perspective. Washington, DC: The Paleontological Society, 289-304.
50. Ray S, Botha J, Chinsamy A. 2004. Bone histology and growth patterns of some nonmammalian therapsids. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24: 634-648.
51. Reisz RR. 1986. Pelycosauria. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
52. Rowe T. 1996. Coevolution of the mammalian middle ear and neocortex. Science 273: 651-654.
53. Ruben J. 1995. The evolution of endothermy in mammals: from physiology to fossils. Annual Review of Physiology 57: 69-95.
54. Schweitzer MH, Marshall CL. 2001. A molecular model for the evolution of endothermy in the theropod-bird lineage. Journal of Experimental Zoology (Molecular Development and Evolution) 291: 317-338.
55. Seebacher F. 2003. Dinosaur body temperature: the occurrence of endothermy and ectothermy. Paleobiology 29: 105-122.
56. Shkolnik A. 1980. Energy metabolism in hedgehogs: 'primitive' strategies?. In: Schmidt-Nielsen K, Bolis L, Taylor CR, eds. Comparative physiology: primitive mammals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 148-154.
57. Sidor CA, Hopson JA. 1998. Ghost lineages and 'mammalness': assessing the temporal pattern of character acquisition in the Synapsida. Paleobiology 24: 254-273.
58. Taylor CR. 1980. Evolution of mammalian homeothermy: a two-step process?. In: Schmidt-Nielsen K, Bolis L, Taylor CR, eds. Comparative physiology: primitive mammals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 100-111.
59. Taylor CR, Karas RH, Weibel ER, Hoppeler H. 1987. Adaptive variation in the mammalian respiratory system in relation to energetic demand. Respiration Physiology 69: 7-26.
60. Xu X, Norell MA, Kuang X, Wang X, Zhao Q, Jia C. 2004. Basal tyrannosaurids from China and evidence for protofeathers in tyrannosaurids. Nature 431: 680-684.