Effects of competition, resource availability and invertebrates on tree seedling establishment

Journal of Ecology

Volumn 93, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 968-977

  Ladd, Brenton M ^a   Facelli, José M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Competition; Herbivory; Resource availability; Tree seedling establishment

Indexed keywords

BIOTIC FACTOR; COMPETITION (ECOLOGY); HERBIVORY; INVERTEBRATE; PLANT COMMUNITY; RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; TREE;

AUSTRALASIA; AUSTRALIA; MEDITERRANEAN REGION; MEDITERRANEAN SEA; SOUTH AUSTRALIA;

INVERTEBRATA;

EID: 33745198875     PISSN: 00220477     EISSN: 13652745     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2005.01026.x     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Aerts R. Chapin F.S. III. ( 2000) The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited: a re-evaluation of processes and patterns. Advances in Ecological Research, 30, 1 67.
2. Belcher J.W. Keddy P.A. Twolan-Strutt L. ( 1995) Root and shoot competition intensity along a soil depth gradient. Journal of Ecology, 83, 673 682.
3. Berkowitz A.R. Canham C.D. Kelly V.R. ( 1995) Competition vs. facilitation of tree seedling growth and survival in early successional communities. Ecology, 76, 1156 1168.
4. Bonser S.P. Reader R.J. ( 1995) Plant competition and herbivory in relation to vegetation biomass. Ecology, 76, 2176 2183.
5. Burger J.C. Louda S.M. ( 1994) Indirect versus direct effects of grasses on growth of a cactus (Opuntia fragilis): insect herbivory versus competition. Oecologia, 99, 79 87.
6. Cebrián J. Duarte C.M. ( 1994) The dependence of herbivory on growth rate in natural plant communities. Functional Ecology, 8, 518 525.
7. Connell J.H. ( 1990) Apparent vs. 'real' competition in plants. Perspectives on Plant Competition (eds J. Grace & D. Tilman), pp. 9 23. Academic Press, San Diego.
8. Elser J.J. Fagan W.F. Denno R.F. Dobberfuhl D.R. Folarin A. Huberty A. et al. ( 2000) Nutritional constrains in terrestrial and freshwater food webs. Nature, 408, 578 580.
9. Facelli J.M. ( 1994) Multiple indirect effects of plant litter affect the establishment of woody seedlings in oldfields. Ecology, 75, 1727 1735.
10. Foster B.L. ( 1999) Establishment, competition and the distribution of native grasses among Michigan old-fields. Journal of Ecology, 87, 476 489.
11. Goldberg D.E. Barton A.M. ( 1992) Patterns and consequences of interspecific competition in natural communities: a review of field experiments with plants. American Naturalist, 139, 771 801.
12. Grime J.P. ( 1977) Evidence for the existence of three primary strategies in plants and its relevance to ecological and evolutionary theory. American Naturalist, 111, 1169 1194.
13. Grime J.P. Thompson K. Hunt R. Hodgson J.G. Cornelissen J.H.C. Rorison I.H. et al. ( 1997) Integrated screening validates primary axes of specialization in plants. Oikos, 79, 259 281.
14. Groner E. Ayal Y. ( 2001) The interaction between bird predation and plant cover in determining habitat occupancy of darkling beetles. Oikos, 93, 22 31.
15. Jones C.G. Lawton J.H. Shachak M. ( 1994) Organisms as ecosystem engineers. Oikos, 69, 373 386.
16. Kraehenbuehl D.N. ( 1996) Pre-European Vegetation of Adelaide: a Survey from the Gawler River to Hallett Cove. Nature Conservation Society of South Australia, Adelaide.
17. Langellotto G.A. Denno R.F. ( 2004) Responses of invertebrate natural enemies to complex-structured habitats: a meta-analytical synthesis. Oecologia, 139, 1 10.
18. Lawton J.H. ( 1983) Plant architecture and the diversity of phytophagous insects. Annual Review of Entomology, 28, 23 39.
19. McPeek M.A. Peckarsky B.L. ( 1998) Life histories and the strengths of species interactions: combining mortality, growth and fecundity effects. Ecology, 79, 867 879.
20. Molofsky J. Lanza J. Crone E.E. ( 2000) Plant litter feedback and population dynamics in an annual plant, Cardamine pensylvanica. Oecologia, 124, 522 528.
21. Newman E.I. ( 1973) Competition and diversity in herbaceous vegetation. Nature, 244, 310.
22. Peltzer D.A. Wilson S.D. Gerry A.K. ( 1998) Competition intensity along a productivity gradient in a low-diversity grassland. American Naturalist, 151, 465 476.
23. Pickett S.T.A. Kolasa J. Jones C.G. ( 1994) Ecological Understanding: the Nature of Theory and the Theory of Nature. Academic Press, San Diego.
24. Reader R.J. ( 1990) Competition constrained by low nutrient supply: an example involving Hieracium floribundum Wimm & Grab. (Compositae). Functional Ecology, 4, 573 577.
25. Reader R.J. ( 1992) Herbivory as a confounding factor in an experiment measuring competition among plants. Ecology, 73, 373 376.
26. Reader R.J. Wilson S.D. Belcher J.W. Wisheu I. Keddy P.A. Tilman D. et al. ( 1994) Plant competition in relation to neighbour biomass: an intercontinental study with Poa pratensis. Ecology, 75, 1753 1760.
27. Sammul M. Kull K.K. Oksanen L. Veromann P. ( 2000) Competition intensity and its importance: results of field experiments with Anthoxanthum odoratum. Oecologia, 125, 18 25.
28. Sarukhán J. Martínez-Ramos M. Piňero D. ( 1984) The analysis of demographic variability at the individual level and its population consequences. Perspectives on Plant Population Ecology (eds R. Dirzo J. Sarukhan). Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
29. Scheidel U. Bruelheide H. ( 2001) Altitudinal differences in herbivory on montane Compositae species. Oecologia, 129, 75 86.
30. Shipley B. Keddy P.A. Lefkovitch L.P. ( 1991) Mechanisms producing plant zonation along a water depth gradient: a comparison with the exposure gradient. Canadian Journal of Ecology, 69, 1420 1424.
31. Southwood T.R.E. ( 1988) Tactics, strategies and templets. Oikos, 52, 3 18.
32. Southwood T.R.E. Brown V.K. Reader P.M. Mason E. ( 1988) Some ecological characteristics of the primary trophic level of a secondary succession. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 234, 11 44.
33. Strong A.M. Sherry T.W. Holmes R.T. ( 2000) Bird predation on herbivorous insects: indirect effects on sugar maple saplings. Oecologia, 125, 370 379.
34. Thompson K. ( 1987) The resource ratio hypothesis and the meaning of competition. Functional Ecology, 1, 297 303.
35. Thompson K. Grime J.P. ( 1988) Competition reconsidered - a reply to Tilman. Functional Ecology, 2, 114 116.
36. Tilman D.G. ( 1987a) On the meaning of competition and the mechanisms of competitive superiority. Functional Ecology, 1, 304 315.
37. Tilman D.G. ( 1987b) The importance of the mechanisms of interspecific competition. American Naturalist, 129, 769 774.
38. Tilman D.G. ( 1988) Plant Strategies and the Dynamics and Structure of Plant Communities. Princeton Monographs, Princeton, New Jersey.
39. Twidale C.R. Tyler M.J. Webb B.P. ( 1976) Natural History of the Adelaide Region. Royal Society of South Australia, Adelade, South Australia.
40. Underwood A.J. ( 1997) Experiments in Ecology: Their Logical Design and Interpretation Using Analysis of Variance. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
41. Wilson E.O. ( 1959) Some ecological characteristics of ants in New Guinea rain forests. Ecology, 40, 437 447.
42. Wilson S.D. ( 1993) Below ground competition in forest and prairie. Oikos, 68, 146 150.
43. Wilson S.D. Keddy P.A. ( 1986) Species competitive ability and position along a natural stress/disturbance gradient. Ecology, 67, 1236 1242.
44. Wilson B.J. Lee W.G. ( 2000) C-S-R triangle theory: community-level predictions, tests, evaluation of criticisms, and relation to other theories. Oikos, 91, 77 96.
45. Wilson S.D. Tilman D. ( 1991) Components of plant competition along an experimental gradient of nitrogen availability. Ecology, 72, 1050 1065.
46. Wilson S.D. Tilman D. ( 1993) Plant competition and resource availability in response to disturbance and fertilization. Ecology, 74, 599 611.