Development of a dermal cancer slope factor for benzo[a]pyrene

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 159-168

  Knafla, A ^a   Phillipps, K A ^b   Brecher, R W ^b   Petrovic, S ^c   Richardson, M ^c  

^a Equilibrium Environmental Inc   (Canada)

^b GlobalTox International Consultants Inc   (Canada)

^c HEALTH CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Benzo a pyrene; Cancer slope factor; Carcinogenicity; Dermal exposure; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Potency equivalency factor; Risk assessment

Indexed keywords

BENZO[A]PYRENE; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON;

ARTICLE; BIOASSAY; CALCULATION; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENICITY; DATA BASE; EVALUATION; EXPOSURE; HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; MAMMAL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY CONTROL; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCALE UP; SKIN CANCER; SKIN CARCINOGENESIS;

ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS; ANIMALS; BENZO(A)PYRENE; CARCINOGENS, ENVIRONMENTAL; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; HUMANS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; POLYCYCLIC HYDROCARBONS, AROMATIC; RISK ASSESSMENT; SKIN NEOPLASMS;

ANIMALIA; MAMMALIA;

EID: 33745191212     PISSN: 02732300     EISSN: 10960295     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2006.02.008     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), 1995. Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH). ATSDR, Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta.
2. Albert R.E., Miller M.L., Cody T., Andringa A., Shukla R., and Baxter C.S. Benzo(a)pyrene-induced skin damage and tumor promotion in the mouse. Carcinogenesis 12 7 (1991) 1273-1280
3. Ashurst S.W., Cohen G.M., Nesnow S., Digiovanni J., and Slaga T.J. Benzo[a]pyrene-induced skin damage and tumor promotion in the mouse. Cancer Res. 43 3 (1983) 1024-1029
4. Boffetta P., Jourenkova N., and Gustavsson P. Cancer risk from occupational and environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Cancer Causes Control 8 (1997) 444-472
5. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA), 1994. Priority Substances Assessment List-Polycylic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Minister of Supply and Services Canada. Cat No. En40-215/42E. ISBN 0-662-22209-1.
6. Cavalieri E., Rogan E., Li K., Todorovic R., Ariese F., Jankowiak R., Grubor N., and Small G. Identification and quantification of the depurinating DNA adducts formed in mouse skin treated with dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DB[a,l]P) or its metabolites in rat mammary gland treated with DB[a,l]P. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 18 (2005) 976-983
7. Cavalieri E.L., Higginbotham S., Ramakrishna N.V., Devanesan P.D., Todorovic R., Rogan E.G., and Salmasi S. Comparative dose-response tumorigenicity studies of dibenzo(a)pyrene versus 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene and two dibenzo(a)pyrene dihydrodiols in mouse skin and rat mammary gland. Carcinogenesis 12 10 (1991) 1939-1944
8. Collins J.F., Brown J.P., Alexeeff G.V., and Salmon A.G. Potency equivalency factors for some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives. Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 28 (1998) 45-54
9. Flowers L., Rieth S., Cogliano V., Foureman G., Hertzberg R., Hofmann E., Murphy D., Nesnow S., and Schoeny R. Health assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures: current practices and future directions. Polycycl. Aromat. Comp. 22 (2002) 811-821
10. Godschalk R.W., Ostertag J.U., Moonen E.J., Neumann H.A., Kleinjans J.C., and van Schooten F.J. Aromatic DNA adducts in human white blood cells and skin after dermal application of coal tar. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 7 (1998) 767-773
11. Government of Canada, 1994. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Priority Substances List Assessment Report, Canadian Environmental Protection Act. Government of Canada, Ottawa.
12. Grimmer G., Brune H., Deutsch-Wenzel R., Dettbarn G., Misfeld J., Abel U., and Timm J. The contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fractions with different boiling ranges to the carcinogenic impact of emission condensate from coal fired residential furnaces as evaluated by topical application to the skin of mice. Cancer Lett. 28 (1985) 203-211
13. Grimmer G., Brune H., Deutsch-Wenzel R., Naujack K.W., Misfeld J., and Timm J. On the contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the carcinogenic impact of automobile exhaust condensate evaluated by local application onto mouse skin. Cancer Lett. 21 (1983) 105-113
14. Habs M., Schmahl D., and Misfeld J. Local carcinogenicity of some environmentally relevant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons after lifelong topical application to mouse skin. Arch. Geschwulstforsch 50 3 (1980) 266-274
15. Habs M., Jahn S.A., and Schmahl D. Carcinogenic activity of condensate from coloquint seeds. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 108 (1984) 154-156
16. Health Canada, 1996. Health-Based Tolerable Daily Intakes/Concentrations and Tumourigenic Doses/Concentrations for Priority Substances. Environmental Health Directorate, Health Protection Branch.
17. Health and Welfare Canada, 1988. Benzo[a]pyrene. In: Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality-Supporting Documentation. Ottawa. September, 1986 (edited August, 1988).
18. Higginbotham S., RamaKirshana N.V.S., Johansson S.L., Rogan E.G., and Cavalieri E.L. Tumor-initiating activity and carcinogenicity of dibenzo(a,z)pyrene versus 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and benzo(a)pyrene at low doses in mouse skin. Carcinogenesis 14 5 (1993) 875-878
19. Hussain M., Rae J., Gilman A., and Kauss P. Lifetime health risk assessment from exposure of recreational users to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 35 (1998) 527-531
20. Kalberlah, F., Frijus-Plessen, N., Hassauer, M., 1995. Toxicological criteria for the risk assessment of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in existing chemicals [as cited in WHO (1998)].
21. Krewski, D., Thorslund, T., Withey, J., 1989. Carcinogenic risk assessment of complex mixtures [as cited in WHO (1998)].
22. Krewski D., Gaylor D., and Szyszkowicz M. A model-free approach to low-dose extrapolation. Environ. Health Perspect. 90 (1991) 279-285
23. LaGoy P.K., and Quirk T.C. Establishing generic remediation goals for the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: critical issues. Environ. Health Perspect. 102 (1994) 348-352
24. Levin W., Wood A.W., Wislocki P.G., Kapitulnik J., Yagi H., Jerina D.M., and Conney A.H. Carcinogenicity of benzo-ring derivatives of benzo(a)pyrene on mouse skin. Cancer Res. 37 9 (1977) 3356-3361
25. Malcolm, H.M., Dobson, S., 1994. The calculation of an Environmental Assessment Level (EAL) for atmospheric PHAs using relative potencies [as cited in WHO (1998)].
26. McClure, P., Schoeny, R., 1995. Evaluation of a component-based relative potency approach to cancer risk assessment for exposure to PAH [as cited in WHO (1998)].
27. Melendez-Colon V.J., Luch A., Seidel A., and Baird W.M. Cancer initiation by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons results from formation of stable DNA adducts rather than apurinic sites. Carcinogenesis 20 10 (1999) 1885-1891
28. Muller, P., Leece, B., & Raha, D., 1995a. Estimated risk of cancer from exposure to PAH fractions of complex mixtures. In: Fifteenth International symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds: Chemistry, biology and environmental impact, Belgirate, Italy, 19-22 September 1995. Ispra, Joint Research Centre European Commission, pp 159-160 [as cited in WHO (1998)].
29. Muller, P., Leece, B., & Raha, D., 1995b. Dose-response assessment PAH. Ottawa, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Energy, 197 pp [as cited in WHO (1998)].
30. Muller, P., Leece, B., & Raha, D., 1996. Scientific criteria document for multimedia environmental standards development: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Part 1. Dose response assessment. Ottawa, Ontario. Ministry of the Environment and Energy, 203 pp [as cited in WHO (1998)].
31. Nesnow S., Triplett L.L., and Slaga T.J. Mouse skin tumour initiation-promotion and complete carcinogenesis bioassays: mechanisms and biological activities of emissions samples. Environ. Health Perspect. 47 (1983) 255-268
32. Nestmann E., Bryant D., and Carr C. Toxicological significance of DNA adducts: summary of discussions with an expert panel. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 24 (1996) 9-18
33. Nisbet I.C.T., and LaGoy P.K. Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 16 (1992) 290-300
34. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA), 1994. Benzo[a]pyrene as a Toxic Air Contaminant. Air Resources Board and Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency (CALEPA).
35. Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Energy (MOE), 1997. Scientific Criteria Document for Multimedia Standards Development-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH). Part 1: Hazard Identification and Dose-Response Assessment. Standards Development Branch, MOE.
36. Pufulete M., Battershill J., Boobis A., and Fielder R. Approaches to carcinogenic risk assessment for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a UK perspective. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 40 (2004) 54-66
37. Saladi R., Austin L., Gao D., Lu Y., Phelps R., Lebwohl M., and Wei H. The combination of benzo[a]pyrene and ultraviolet A causes an in vivo time-related accumulation of DNA damage in mouse skin. Photochem. Photobiol. 77 4 (2003) 413-419
38. Schmahl, D., Schmidt K,G., Habs, M., 1977. Syncarcinogenic action of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in automobile exhaust gas condensates. In: Air Pollution and Cancer in Man. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Publications No. 16, pp. 53-59.
39. Schneider K., Roller M., Kalberlah F., and Schuhmacher-Wolz U. Cancer risk assessment for oral exposure to PAH mixtures. J. Appl. Toxicol. 22 (2002) 73-83
40. 2 production in human epidermoid carcinoma cells by benzo[a]pyrene and ultraviolet A radiation. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 188 (2003) 104-109
41. Talaska G., Jaeger M., Reilman R., Collins T., and Warshawsky D. Chronic, topical exposure to benzo[a]pyrene induces relatively high steady-state levels of DNA adducts in target tissues and alters kinetics of adduct loss. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 15 (1996) 7789-7793
42. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 2002. Peer Consultation Workshop on Approaches to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Health Assessment. National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, Washington DC. EPA/635/R-02/005.
43. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 2000. Benchmark Dose Technical Guidance Document. Risk Assessment Forum, USEPA, Washington, DC. External Review Draft - Do Not Cite or Quote. EPA/630/R-00/001.
44. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 1996. Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogenic Risk Assessment. Federal Register 61(79), 17960-18011.
45. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 1993. Provisional Guidance for Quantitative Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Office of Research and Development. Washington, DC. EPA/600/R-93/089.
46. United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1992. Dermal Exposure Assessment: Principles and Applications, Interim Report. EPA/600/8-91/001B. Exposure Assessment Group, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC.
47. van den Berg M., Birnbaum L., Bosveld B.T.C., Brunström B., Cook P., Feeley M., Giesy J.P., Hanberg A., Hasegaegawa R., Kennedy S.W., Kubiak T., Larsen J.C., Van Leeuwen F.X.R., Lien A.K.D., Nolt C., Peterson R.E., Poellinger L., Safe S., Schrenk D., Tillitt D., Tysklind M., Younes M., Waern F., and Zacharewski T. Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs) for PCB, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife. Environ. Health Perspect. 106 (1998) 775-792
48. Warshawsky D., Barkley W., and Bingham E. Factors affecting carcinogenic potential of mixtures. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 20 (1993) 376-382
49. World Health Organisation (WHO), 1998. Environmental Health Criteria 202-Selected Non-Heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), Geneva.